• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.465-472
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• 2012

본 연구는 제주지역의 사찰에서 음식으로 이용되는 식물을 파악하기 위하여 2011년 5월부터 2012년 1월까지 수행되었다. 조사대상 사찰은 36개 사찰이었고 설문대상자는 58명이었다. 사찰에서 이용하는 식물종은 27과 51속 55종 2변종 총 57분류군이었다. 이 중, 가장 많이 이용하는 과단위 분류군은 국화과가 8종으로 가장 많고, 십자화과 6종, 산형과 4종 등의 순이었으며, 목본 식물은 10종, 제주지역 자생식물은 25종이었다. 식물체의 이용부위는 잎을 사용하는 종이 19종으로 가장 많았고, 뿌리, 어린순, 열매 순 이었다. 특허검색을 통한 지식재산권을 가지고 있는 식물은 조사식물 대부분이 포함되었고, 이 중 식품관련 특허를 가지고 있는 식물이 48종, 화장품관련 특허를 가지고 있는 것이 34종, 의약관련 특허를 가지고 있는 식물이 38종으로 집계되었다. 제주지역 사찰 음식에 사용하는 식물재료의 구입 및 조달 방법은 주변의 식물 활용보다는 시장 또는 재배에 의존하고, 산나물 채취에 의한 사용은 한정적으로 사용되고 있기 때문에 제주 생물자원의 이용에 대한 전통지식의 수집은 사찰 보다는 다른 조건을 이용한 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제108권4호
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• pp.493-512
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• 2019

본 연구는 진주시 영천강변의 식물상조사를 통해 귀화식물의 분포현황 및 특성을 파악하여 영천강 수변지역의 식생관리방안 도출에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 실시하였다. 관속식물은 전체 90과 282속 425종 1아종 38변종 6품종으로 우리나라 관속식물 (4881종)의 약 9.62%에 해당하는 총 470 분류군이 출현하였다. 벼과가 77분류군(16.38%)으로 가장 많이 출현하였으며, 국화과 56분류군(11.91%), 콩과 33분류군(7.02%), 사초과 25분류군(5.32%), 장미과 22분류군(4.86%) 등의 순이었다. 지표식물(Ch)은 20분류군(4.25%)이 출현하였으며, 일년생식물과 반지중식물이 많은 비율을 차지하고 있었다. 지상식물은 대교목 23분류군(4.89%), 관목 17분류군(3.61%), 아교목 14분류군(2.97%)이 출현하였고, 수생식물은 36분류군(7.65%)이 출현하였다. 희귀식물은 낙지다리, 새박, 쥐방울덩굴, 창포, 애기등, 목련 등의 6분류군이 출현하였다. 구계학적특정식물은 26과 34속 34종 1변종의 총 35분류군이 출현하였다. 한국특산식물은 66분류군이 출현하였다. 귀화식물은 18과 53속 68종 3변종 총 71분류군이 출현하였으며, 귀화율은 15.1%, 도시화지수는 22.1%였다. 생태계 교란종은 4과 8속 8종 1변종으로 9분류군으로 우리나라 생태계교란종의 64%에 해당하는 종이 출현하였다. 특히, 강의 하류로 갈수록 생태교란종의 출현빈도가 높은 경향이 나타났다. 생태교란 식물중 돼지풀과 가시박은 사람에게 알레르기를 유발하고. 야생동식물의 서식지 파괴와 같은 부정적인 영향이 많이 발생하고 있어서 이들을 인위적으로 제거하는 노력이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.244-248
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• 1993

건조조건에 의한 알로에의 품종별 및 부위별로 지방산 및 유기산과 약효성분인 barbaloin을 추출 분리정량 하였다. 7종의 지방산 및 6종의 유기산과 barbaloin 성분을 확인한 후 각 품종별, 부위별, 건조온도별로 함량을 비교하였다. 7종의 총지방산량으로 볼때 palmitic, eicosanoic acid 함량이 높았으며, Aloe saponaria가 가장 적었다. 6종의 유기산 총량으로는 malic, citric 및 oxalic acid가 다른 유기산보다 많았으며, Aloe sponaria가 함량이 많았고, Aloe arborescence 변종 1은 적었다. $65^{\circ}C$와 $80^{\circ}C$ 열풍건조시료는 유기산 및 지방산의 함량이 거의 유사하였고, 동결건조한 시료는 열풍건조한 시료보다 함량이 낮았다. Barbaloin의 경우 품종별 함량은 Aloe arborescence 변종 1이 가장 높았으며, 건조조건에 따른 Aloe vera의 barbaloin 성분은 $65^{\circ}C$보다 $80^{\circ}C$의 경우 감소되었고 동결건조가 가장 많은 함량을 나타내었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.907-915
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• 2019

This study aims to identify the most tolerant species under salinity stress from amongst Asteraceae and Poaceae. The seeds of six species were exposed to different concentrations of $CaCl_2$ (0, 9, 18, 45, 90 mM) and NaCl (0, 17, 34, 85, 170 mM), and germination was measured once every two days. The results indicated that percent germination of the six species of Asteraceae and Poaceae seeds were affected differently by changes in salinity concentration. Seed germination was reduced as salinity levels increase, and longer mean germination times correlated to lower percent germination and earlier germination cessation. Both Asteraceae and Poaceae seeds had the highest germination rates at 18 mM $CaCl_2$ and 34 mM NaCl, and seed germination and growth were severely reduced at salinities greater than 90 mM $CaCl_2$ and 170 mM NaCl. In the seeds of Poaceae, salt resistance was strong in the order of Miscanthus sinensis Andersson, Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng., and Phragmites communis Trin. In the seeds of Asteraceae, salt resistance was strong in the order of Dendranthema zawadskii var. latilobum (Maxim.) Kitam, Aster yomena (Kitam.) Honda, and Dendranthema boreale (Makino) Ling ex Kitam.. Overall, the germination rate was higher in Asteraceae than in Poaceae. This study demonstrated that Dendranthema zawadskii var. latilobum (Maxim.) Kitam. is the most tolerant species and that a relationship exists between the salt tolerance of percent germination and the mean germination time in the leaves.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.298-310
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• 2022

Although giant and large fish species are highly important as a keystone species in the marine ecosystem, there have been no or few studies on their spatio-temporal variations around the Korean peninsula. For this, we analyzed daily reports made by observers at 57 fishery landing sites in Korea over 6 years, from 2011 to 2016. In total, 153 fish species were re-identified based on photos and descriptions recorded by Korean observers, of which five species were classified as a giant fish over 5 m in maximum total length (MTL) and 17 species as a large fish from 3 m to 5 m MTL according to the data presented by Froese & Pauly (2021). Among the giant and large fish species, Mola mola was the most abundant species, with 75 individuals landed as by-catch. The second most abundant species was Isurus oxyrinchus (31), followed by Mobula mobular (23), Lamna ditropis (17), Masturus lanceolatus (16), Sphyrna zygaena (14), and Prionace glauca (12). As a result of cluster analysis based on the number of individuals of giant and large fish species by year and sea, six years were separated into two clusters (2011-2013 vs. 2014-2016), with high contribution of M. mola, I. oxyrinchus, and M. lanceolatus; and three seas were separated into two clusters (eastern + southern seas vs. western sea), with high contribution of M. lanceolatus, L. ditropis, and I. oxyrinchus. The largest number of M. mola accounted for 64% of the total in 2014 and 2016, and 71% in summer (June-August). It is assumed to have a correlation between seawater temperature fluctuation and the occurrence of giant and large fish species. Our study highlights importance of longterm monitoring of giant and large fish species, and can help to understand the life cycle such as natal or nursery migration of giant and large fish species around the Korean peninsula.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.213-225
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• 2018

Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae) is one of the most ubiquitous genera worldwide. This genus has an excellent ability to adapt to diverse environments, even under poor nutritional conditions, such as in freshwater. However, little is known about the diversity of Trichoderma species in freshwater environments. In this study, we isolated diverse fungal strains from algae, plant litter, and soil sediment in streams in Korea. The strains were identified based on molecular phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA and translation elongation factor 1 ($TEF1{\alpha}$) sequences. We also investigated their morphological characteristics by microscopic observation and determination of cultural features on different media. As a result, six Trichoderma species were found in Korea: T. afroharzianum, T. capillare, T. guizhouense, T. paraviridescens, T. reesei, and T. saturnisporum. Interestingly, T. paraviridescens showed both cellulose activity and hypoxia stress tolerance phenotypes, indicating its role as a decomposer in freshwater ecosystems. Our study revealed that freshwater environment could be a good candidate for investigating the species diversity of Trichoderma.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.506-515
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• 2011

To elucidate demersal organism community structure, abundance, and biomass by period and region in the Uljin marine ranching area, otter trawl surveys were conducted at six stations from February 2008 to December 2009. During the survey period, a total of 118 species was collected in the Uljin marine ranching area, including 76 pisces, 27 mollusca and 15 crustaceans. The average abundance of individuals was 806 ind./$m^2$ and average biomass was 31,853 g/m2. The numbers of species, species richness, individuals per area and biomass per area were higher in 2009 than in 2008. Cluster and MDS analysis, based on a Bray-Curtis similarity matrix of fourth root transformed data of number of species and individuals per area, showed division into two different groups of demersal organisms in 2008 (Group 1) and one demersal organism community in 2009 (Group 2). From cluster and MDS analysis using the similarity of the demersal community among six stations, the Uljin marine ranching area was divided into Group A (St. 2, St. 4, St. 5 and St. 6) and Group B (St. 1 and St. 3).

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.214-224
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• 1998

본 연구는 고소득작물인 인삼의 생산비 절감을 위한 새로운 재배법을 확립하기 위한 방안으로 인삼포의 잡초 발생을 억제시키는 allelopathic식물을 탐색, 선발하여 이용방안을 강구하기 위한 일련의 시험을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 볏짚, 귀리짚, 호밀짚 및 밀짚의 추출액을 인삼밭에 발생하는 주요 잡초인 털비름, 명아주, 조개풀, 바랭이, 피, 강아지풀 종자에 처리하여 발아율을 조사한 결과, 공시한 5종의 식물 영양체 추출액 모두 1% 농도 처리에서 발아 억제 효과가 크게 나타났으며, 특히 귀리짚 추출액은 공시된 모든 잡초종들에 대해 발아 억제 효과가 가장 컸다. 2. 볏짚, 호밀짚 및 밀짚의 추출액을 인삼 포장에 직접 처리한 결과, 3종의 식물 추출액 처리 모두가 무처리구인 대조구에 비해서 잡초생육이 억제되었으며, 공시한 3종의 식물 추출액 처리구에서 인삼의 근장, 근직경, 생체중, 건물중이 대조구에 비하여 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.103-118
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• 2018

Ecosystems in subalpine regions are recognized as areas vulnerable to climatic changes because rainfall and the possibility of flora migration are very low due to the characteristics of topography in the regions. In this context, habitat niche was formulated for representative species of arbors in subalpine regions in order to understand the effects of climatic changes on alpine arbor ecosystems. The current potential habitats were modeled as future change areas according to the climatic change scenarios. Based on the growth conditions and environmental characteristics of the habitats, the study was conducted to identify direct and indirect causes affecting the habitat reduction of Abies nephrolepis. Diverse model algorithms for explanation of the relationship between the emergence of biological species and habitat environments were reviewed to construct the environmental data suitable for the six models(GLM, GAM, RF, MaxEnt, ANN, and SVM). Weights determined through TSS were applied to the six models for ensemble in an attempt to minimize the uncertainty of the models. Based on the current climate determined by averaging the climates over the past 30years(1981~2010) and the HadGEM-RA model was applied to fabricate bioclimatic variables for scenarios RCP 4.5 and 8.5 on the near and far future. The results of models of the alpine region tree species studied were put together and evaluated and the results indicated that a total of eight national parks such as Mt. Seorak, Odaesan, and Hallasan would be mainly affected by climatic changes. Changes in the Baekdudaegan reserves were analyzed and in the results, A. nephrolepis was predicted to be affected the most in the RCP8.5. The results of analysis as such are expected to be finally utilizable in the survey of biological species in the Korean peninsula, restoration and conservation strategies considering climatic changes as the analysis identified the degrees of impacts of climatic changes on subalpine region trees in Korean peninsula with very high conservation values.

• ALGAE
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.337-347
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• 2020

Haraldiophyllum hawaiiense sp. nov. is described as a new mesophotic alga and a new genus record for the Hawaiian Islands. Six specimens were collected at a depth range of 81-93 m from Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, and their morphology investigated, as well as molecular phylogenetic analyses of the plastidial ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase large-subunit (rbcL) gene and a concatenated alignment of rbcL and nuclear large-subunit rRNA gene (LSU) sequences. Phylogenetic analyses supported H. hawaiiense sp. nov. as a distinct lineage within the genus Haraldiophyllum, and sister to a large clade containing the type species, H. bonnemaisonii, as well as H. crispatum and an undescribed European specimen. The six Hawaiian specimens were shown to be identical, but unique among other species of the genus as well as the recently segregated genus Neoharaldiophyllum, which comprises half of the species previously included in Haraldiophyllum. The vegetative morphology of H. hawaiiense sp. nov. resembles Neoharaldiophyllum udoense (formerly H. udoensis); however, no female or post-fertilization structures were found in the Hawaiian specimens to allow a more comprehensive comparison. The molecular phylogenies demonstrate that Haraldiophyllum is paraphyletic, suggesting either that the Myriogrammeae tribe includes undescribed genera, including Haraldiophyllum sensu stricto, or that Neoharaldiophyllum species should be transferred into the genus Haraldiophyllum. However, based on vegetative morphology and molecular analyses, and pending resolution of this taxonomic issue, the Hawaiian specimens are placed within the genus Haraldiophyllum. This new record for the Hawaiian Islands highlights the novel biodiversity from mesophotic depths, reaffirming the need for further investigation into the biodiversity of Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems.