• Journal of architectural history
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.7-18
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• 2017

Altar architecture is a kind of sacrificial building, mainly formed in altar. Central architecture of Altar architecture is relatively simple. However, various attached building are necessary for worship. Among them, Sinsil which is a place to seal a God's tablet, is very important. The central government of the Joseon Dynasty attempted to define the local sacrificial system and make it customary as a way to strengthen the centralization based on Confucianism. Nonetheless, the altar architecture of the province without detailed regulations, were managed and underwent repairs according to the political situation of the state and local circumstances. Sinsil, which is an important component of the altar architecture, best reflects this situation. Therefore, it was possible to grasp the situation of the altar architecture of the province in the Joseon Dynasty by analyzing the Sinsil through various documents. As a result of analysis, it was divided into six types. In addition, It is also found that there are temporal relation between these six types.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1063-1082
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• 2018

The concept of SDN (Software Defined Networking) endows the network with programmability and significantly improves the flexibility and extensibility of networks. Currently a plenty of research works on introducing SDN into wireless networks. Most of them focus on the innovation of the SDN based architectures but few consider how to realize the global perception of the network through the controller. In order to address this problem, a software defined carrier grade Wi-Fi framework called SWAN, is proposed firstly. Then based on the proposed SWAN architecture, a blueprint of introducing the traditional NSA (Network Situation Awareness) into SWAN is proposed and described in detail. Through perceiving various network data by a decentralized architecture and making comprehension and prediction on the perceived data, the proposed blueprint endows the controllers with the capability to aware of the current network situation and predict the near future situation. Meanwhile, the extensibility of the proposed blueprint makes it a universal solution for software defined wireless networks SDWNs rather than just for one case. Then we further research one typical use case of proposed NSA blueprint: network performance awareness (NPA). The subsequent comparison with other methods and result analysis not only well prove the effectiveness of proposed NPA but further provide a strong proof of the feasibility of proposed NSA blueprint.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.37-56
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• 2006

Introducing International Style, P. Johnson and H. R. Hitchcock gave three standards to be the Modern, volume and surface, regularity, and exclusion of applied decoration. In spite of the negation of stylistic, formal approach in the Modernist Manifestoes, one usually have understood Modernity in Architecture with its formal character, especially with no ornament and flat, abstract, white surface. Modernism as a new paradigm in architecture have emphasized that there is no representation of anything outside and only present architecture in itself. They said that Modernism only cared about the language of Architecture without figural reference. So apparently there is no way to prove to its Modernity with formal condition. Modernity is in Spirit and contents. But actually we understand well its existence by visual communication This study deals with this difficult situation how Modernity represents itself without visual media and asks the question how simultaneously it presents its thingness and materiality In order to analyse contradictory situation between representation and presentation in Modern Architecture we need to survey the historical process of changing position of ornaments and its meaning in time. With the crisis of representation the role of ornament have seriously changed and divided. It caused the two situation in pre-Modern Architecture. Firstly, Architecture tend to be a high art and formal expression became important much more. The Use of Ornament became a kind of fashion to show the power, class, money. Secondly, Ornament lost its cultural weight and the structure and material aspect became the central in architecture. Rational Structuralism would be the essential character in Modern Architecture. Here the theory of G. Semper and A. Loos on cladding(dressing) and Ornament can help its problems and limits. In the situation without conventional ornament Modernists need to present modernity with new media that only show the thing itself and by that it does not represent any thing else as like the value, idea outside buildings. They believed that only it concerned esthetics and morality in architecture. But in reality it referred to art and machines as like ships, aircraft, and cars. By excluding Ornament and showing the process of clearing, abstract, flat, white surface 'represent' Modernity by the indirect way referring the concept of transparency, reason, sanitation, tectonics, etc. An Ideology and myth intervened architectural discourse to make the doxa about the representation in Architecture. Surface must be a different kind of media and message that can communicate in different way with compared to conventional Ornament. Decorated Shed by R. Venturi and Post-Functionalism by P. Eisenman, that are the most famous post-modern discourse, shows well difficult and contradictory condition in contemporary architecture concerning representation and form, meaning and form.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.141-144
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• 2009

Nowadays around the world the floating architecture, a new type of architecture sited on water such as ocean, river, canal and lake, has became one of the most important infrastructures for marine cities. This is bemuse of the raising of sea level due to global warming in the world. Therefore many of European countries, Japan, and U.S.A have been developing the technologies and expanding their markets inside and outside of their country for floating architecture This paper is intended to analyze the market situation and the industry trend of domestic and international part in relation to floating architecture The result will be the basis of the research into the technologies and design in order to catch up with the world market of advanced floating architecture.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.297-305
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• 1999

Autonomous mobile robots are required to achieve multiple goals while responding quickly to the dynamic environments. An appropriate robot control architecture, which clearly and systematically defines the relationship among the inputs, the processing functions and the outputs, thus needs to be embedded in the robot controller. This paper proposes a kind of hybrid control architecture which combines the key features of the two well-known robot control architectures; hierarchical and behavioral- based. The overall control architecture consists of three layers, i.e. the highest planner, the middle plan executor, and the lowest monitor and behavior-based controller. In the planned situation, only one behavior module is chosen by the logical coordinator in the plan executor according to the way point bin. In the exceptional situation, the central controller in the plan executor issues an additional control command to reach the planned way point. Several simulations and experiments with autonomous mobile robot show that the proposed architecture enables the robot controller to achieve the multiple sequential goals even in dynamic and uncertain environments.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.139-151
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• 2007

Decision-making in the crisis management happens in dynamic, rapidly changing, and often unpredictable distributed environments. Crisis management Decision Support Systems (DSSs) in E-Government are challenged by the need to use it availably at anytime, from anywhere, and even under any-situation. In this paper the reasons of developing distributed architecture for crisis management Decision Support Systems (DSSs) in E-Government are analyzed. Consequently, a distributed architecture for crisis management Decision Support System (DSS) is proposed in this paper. Finally it is implemented by Web Services. If crisis management Decision Support System (DSS) based on distributed architecture is implemented by Web Service, then it can provide decision support for decision-makers to deal with crisis at anytime, from anywhere, and even under any-situation.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.225-235
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study is to model all levels of situation awareness (SA), which would be able to predict situation awareness quantitatively. Background: When measuring situation awareness, directly measuring SA methods such as SAGAT and SART have been utilized. Several approaches (cognitive modeling approaches) were introduced to model SA but level 3 SA was not completed. For real-life situation, however, it is necessary to detect the problematic level of SA rather than overall SA. Therefore, we proposed a new model of all levels of SA in this study. Method: In order to model all levels of SA, this study chose factors in ACT-R architecture through literature review. ATC (Air Traffic Control)-related simulation task was video-taped to analyze human behaviors in order to model all levels of SA including level 3. Results: As a result, regression analyses show that cognitive activities (neural activations) represented for all levels of SA were highly correlated with SAGAT. Conclusion: In conclusion, neural activations in ACT-R could be proved to be effective to model all levels of SA. Application: Our SA model could be used to predict all levels of SA quantitatively without directly measuring the SA of operators.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to observe today's situation and direction in relation with the natural air-conditioning and heating system to expand the architectural utilization of natural management for human comfort and energy conservation in architectural design. Also this study to provide the fundamental knowledge and. design-techniques on environment-friendly architecture in connection with 'natural idea in architecture'. In accordance with this intention, this thesis is composed of the following contents : 1) to understand the fundermental concepts about natural air-conditioning and heating system, 2) to review the traditional characteristics in Korean and Southeast Asian architecture related to natural air-conditioning and heating system, 3) to examine modern design-techniques in relation with natural air-conditioning and heating system in the selected area, 4) to attempt to synthesize the whole situation. Environment-friendly architecture using natural ideas and design-techniques in architecture is very important architectural aspect in a current architecture, also for the future. In spite of general considerations, it is expected that this study is use to understand the principle and practical application of natural air-conditioning and heating system in architectural design.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.21-31
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• 1992

There are various which organize architectural forms. The concept of Collage is one of the ways to understand various situation in the Contemporary Architecture and the needed to be underrtood to solve problems in architecture, painting, sculpture etc. Formal characteristic of collage aesthetics proposed by the Cubism appeared to a creative element for a new form in the trends of architecture. Results of this study are as follows. In the Housing Architecture, The Collage is trasposed to the subjective form thanthe general form, and is used as a method to solve problems such as a perception in interior and exterior spaces and urban contexts.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 1992.11a
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• pp.33-44
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• 1992

There are various which organize architectural forms. The concept of Collage is one of the ways to understand various situation in the Contemporary Architecture and the needed to be underrtood to solve problems in architecture, painting, sculpture etc. Formal characteristic of collage aesthetics proposed by the Cubism appeared to a creative element for a new form in the trends of architecture. Results of this study are as follows. In the Housing Architecture, the Collage is transposed to the subjective form than the general form, and is used as a method to solve problems such as a perception in interior and exterior spaces and urban contexts.