• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2022

Objective: This study investigated the effect of pelvic tiltng according to the paralytic side on gait in stroke patients during a 10 m functional movement timed up and go (TUG) test. Method: In this study, gait parameters were measured using a gait analyzer for 20 stroke patients and their gait was analyzed during a 10 m TUG test. For statistical analysis, an independent sample t-test were performed for age, height, and weight among general characteristics of subjects and homogeneity was tested by performing a chi-square test for gender, paralysis side, period of onset, and K-MMSE score. In order to understand the relationship between each variable, Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the variables. Results: First, the right-hand paralyzed group showed correlations in cadence and gait velocity in the up and down tilt of the pelvis, and the left-hand paralyzed group showed correlations in cadence and step length in the anterior and posterior tilt of the pelvis. Second, the tilt of the pelvis was correlated with the Sit to stand, walk forward, walk backwards, turn around at the end point, sit on a chair and the total TUG time in the right hemiplegic group compared to the left hemiplegic group. Conclusion: In this study, a significant correlation was confirmed as a result of gait analysis of right-handed stroke patients divided into a right paraplegic group and a left paraplegic group. In the future, it is suggested that treatment for improving gait of stroke patients should be treated differently for the right and left paralyzed side.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2016

Background: In the stroke patients with the characteristics of hemiplegic gait, turning direction of the affected and unaffected side influences turning time. Therefore, it is important to investigate the walking response to turning directions in stroke patients. Objects: This study aimed to measure the walking time while turning direction in hemiplegic patients depending on balance ability measured by Berg Balance Scale. Methods: A group of forty-five subjects with stroke (Berg Balance Scale score${\geq}46$ were twenty-eight, Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}45$ were seventeen) were enrolled in this study. Subjects were asked to perform the Timed Up and Go test. Testing indications included two directions for turning in each subject. These indications were for turning toward the affected and unaffected side in stroke patients. The duration of total analysis duration, sit to stand phase, stand to sit phase, mid-turning phase, and end turning phase were recorded. The obtained data were analyzed by using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test in the group that are below and above 45 points of Berg Balance Scale score. The significance level was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. Results: There were significant increase time in the analysis duration and end turning phase duration while subjects were turned the unaffected side in stroke patients that presented a Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}45$ (p<.05). However, the comparison between the affected side and the unaffected side in the stroke patients with Berg Balance Scale score${\geq}46$, revealed no significant differences of the measured parameters. Conclusion: This finding should be suggested in the specific definition of turning direction for evaluation with Timed Up and Go test in the Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}45$, and other intervention for hemiplegic patients need to be suggested the direction of turning during walking training program.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.331-340
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in body composition, upper and lower limb muscle strength, and functional physical ability in urban-dwelling elderly women with or without obesity. Methods: All study participants were assigned to the normal weight group (n=8, BMI<25) and the obesity group (n=7, BMI>25) based on their obesity rate. Anthropometric measurement was conducted and body composition was measured. For the upper and lower limb strength, grip strength and maximal isometric knee extension and flexion were evaluated by a dynamometer. The senior fitness test was performed to measure functional ability. Data analysis was conducted by the independent t-test and the alpha level was set at 0.05. Results: The waist, hips, and thighs of obese elderly women were thicker than those of normal-weight elderly women. This physical difference resulted from body fat mass, not muscle mass. Despite a similar level of limb muscle mass between the two groups, the upper limb grip strength was higher (24.00% for left, 19.95% for right) in the normal-weight women than the obese women (p<0.05), but otherwise there was no difference in maximal knee flexion or extension isometric strength. Functional physical ability showed no difference in a 30-second chair sit and stand test and a six-minute walk test, but a 30-second arm-curl (11.00% for left, 14.81% for right), back stretch (8.54cm for left, 8.99cm for right), chair sit and reach (9.22cm for left, 6.24cm for right), and 2.44 meter round trip walk (0.62 sec, 9.39%) were faster in performance for normal-weight elderly women than obese elderly women (p<0.05). Conclusion: Taken together, despite similar levels of upper and lower extremity muscle mass, normal-weight elderly women showed higher performance in upper limb strength, flexibility, and agility than obese elderly women, but there was no difference in lower extremity functional muscle strength and cardiopulmonary endurance.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.33-46
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• 2013

목적 : 가상현실 프로그램과 현실화된 과제 지향 프로그램이 노인의 균형에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 그 효과를 비교해 보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 12명의 건강한 노인을 대상으로 가상현실 프로그램과 현실화된 과제 지향 프로그램을 각각 6주간 주 2회씩 실시하였다. 균형 능력 변화를 위해 버그 균형 척도(Berg Balance Scale: BBS), 이동 능력검사(Timed Up and Go: TUG), 한 발 서기 검사(One-Legged Stance Test: OLST), 5회 반복 앉았다 일어서기 검사(5-Repetition Sit-To-Stand Test: 5R-STS Test)를 사용하였다. 결과 : 분석결과 프로그램 전 후에서는 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 얻지 못하였다. 하지만 세 집단 간 비교에서는 버그 균형 척도, 한 발 서기 검사 중 눈 뜨고 좌, 우에서 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 얻었으며 사후 검정결과 눈 뜨고 검사 - 좌에서 가상현실 프로그램과 현실화된 과제 지향 프로그램 간에 유의한 결과를 얻었다. 결론 : 현실화된 과제 지향 프로그램은 노인의 균형 능력 향상에 좀 더 긍정적이었으며 임상 및 지역사회에서 좀 더 쉽게 수행할 수 있는 프로그램으로 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2014

Objective: The objective of the study is to develop a portable assistance device to help elderly users reduce strain on the knee and leg muscle while the elderly are standing up. Background: The pose of standing up from a chair is a basic movement, but the elderly often have difficulty standing up due to their weak muscles. We focus on designing a solution that helps the elderly reduce physical problems and support them standing up. Method: This study consists of three parts. Part I explores the way to reduce the refrain of leg muscle while standing up from a chair. In the process of structural development, we found that the moment is minimized when user pushes down the armrests due to a decrease in the force acting on the center of mass. In part II, a user test of 20 participants was carried out to rank the order of comfort of two stimuli: the chair with fixed armrests and the chair with the four-link mechanism that we created-in three different ways; (1) to stand up without touching armrests, (2) to stand up by pushing down on fixed armrests, and (3) to stand up by pushing down on armrests and being supported by the mechanism. To examine the statistically significant differences among the rank means, a Friedman test was conducted. In part III, we analyze the results of the user test and interview feedbacks, focusing on establishing a design strategy from UPO and visualizing it in 1:1 scale. Results: In part I, we decided to develop the four-link mechanism. The bottom is lifted up as the link rises. In part II, based on the rank data, we empirically found that UPO was assessed as the most comfortable during the stimuli. The thigh angle is smaller and the bottom of UPO is separated from a seat. In part III, after assessing the results and feedbacks, we created a visualization strategy for UPO: light, friendly, and novel. Conclusion: The portable and non-mechanical UPO comprises a four-link system that lifts the user's hips while standing. It can help users avoid knee and leg muscle strain. Its universal design considers the elderly's difficulties. Application: In a future study, combining light and durable material in UPO is expected to increase its usability. And this study is an opportunity to design various types of standing assistance devices.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.371-378
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• 2021

본 연구는 여성노인을 대상으로 낙상예방을 위한 12주간 복합운동프로그램이 여성노인의 낙상관련 건강체력, 낙상위험도, 자세균형에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 연구대상자는 운동그룹 16명 통제그룹 16명으로 총 32명이 참여하였다. 운동그룹은 복합운동프로그램을 주 3회 60분씩 12주 동안 실시하였고 통제그룹은 같은 기간 동안 일상적인 생활을 하였다. 여성노인들의 낙상관련 건강체력은 노인체력검사(SFT: senior fitness test)중 동적평형성, 2분 동안 제자리걷기, 30초 동안 일어섰다 앉기 검사를 측정하였다. 여성노인들의 낙상위험도는 Tetrax장비로 측정하고 자세균형능력은 Spine Balance 3D를 이용하여 측정하였다. 본 연구의 자료처리는 SPSS/ver. 21을 이용하여 이원반복측정 변량분석(two-way ANOVA with repeated measures)을 실시하였고, 유의수준은 α=.05로 하였다. 본 연구결과 복합운동을 적용한 운동그룹은 동적평형성(p=.001), 2분 제자리걷기(p=.001), 30초 동안 일어섰다 앉기(p=.001), 낙상위험도(p=.002), 자세균형(p=.034)에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 보였지만 통제그룹은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 살펴보면 여성노인들의 12주간 복합운동프로그램 참여가 그들의 건강체력과 자세안정성을 향상시키고 낙상의 위험을 감소시킬 수 있을 것이다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Objective: The present study was to investigate the discrimination capacity of the Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment-Gait Scale (POMA-GS), for predicting falls in stroke survivors. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: Data including the characteristics and number of falls of 52 chronic stroke patients from a rehabilitation center were collected. The number of falls each subject had experienced in the previous year were investigated through interviews. The subjects were divided into two groups depending on the number of falls: if falls occurred twice or more on the basis of the time of study after stroke, they were defined as the falls group and if there was no fall experience or one fall, they were defined as the non-falls group. The subjects were examined with the POMA-GS, and physical functions were examined using by the One Leg Stand Test (OLST), Sit to Stand Test (SST), 10-m Walk Test, Lower Extremity in Fugl-Meyer assessment (FM-LE), and Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS). The validity of POMA-GS for falls prediction was analyzed. Results: In the POMA-GS, which predicts falls in stroke survivors, the cut-off value was 8.5 (sensitivity 72%; specificity 65%) and the area under the curve was 0.75 (95% confidence interval: 0.60-0.90, p<0.007). There was a significant difference in the OLST, SST, FM-LE, and TIS between the subjects with POMA-GS >8.5 and the subjects with POMA-GS ${\leq}8.5$. Conclusions: The POMA-GS could be a useful tool in predicting falls in stroke survivors, as its discrimination capacity and predictive validity is proven satisfactory.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.239-248
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the elderly physical fitness test for elderly people living in urban areas and to evaluate the physical fitness level according to gender and age groups. Methods: The subjects were 180 elderly people aged 65 and over living in urban areas. The elderly people were classified into early old age, middle old age, and advanced old age groups. Five items of the physical fitness test for the elderly (arm curl, chair stand, 2 min step test, back scratch, and chair sit and reach). Results: In analyzing the average of each item by gender and age, a significant difference was found in the results of each item as age increased in all sports, but no difference was observed according to gender except dumbbell lifting. Conclusion: Although the physical fitness level of all ages decreased from early age to late age, the difference in physical fitness according to gender was not significant except the arm curl test. The results of this study can be used as basic data for a new "age-specific exercise program" for the elderly.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1940-1949
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• 2020

Background: Self-checked monitoring home exercises are recommended for preventing falls among people with Parkinson's disease. However, as these home exercises are performed autonomously by patients without professional management, their accuracy and efficiency can be compromised. Objective: To investigate the effects of providing regular training sessions to patients and caregivers and of patient self-monitoring of exercise performance following the implementation of a self-checked monitoring exercise program for people with Parkinson's disease. Design: Randomized Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Methods: We provided regular self-checked monitoring home exercise and general home exercise programs to 30 participants for 12 weeks. Once a month at the first, fifth, and ninth-week sessions, a rehabilitation team attended the Parkinson's group education. In addition to the subject in the experimental group perform the home exercises program to provide feedback regarding the home exercises program and to carry out a self-monitoring checklist performance for 12 weeks. Results: The 10 m walk test, functional reach test, and sit to stand test and the modified Barthel index significantly improved in the self-checked monitoring home exercise group. Conclusion: These results suggest that self-checked home exercise programs, which facilitate safety and consistent performance of exercises at home, are beneficial for people with Parkinson's disease.

• 노인간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.204-216
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine effects of a muscle strength reinforcement exercise program (MSREP) for older adult patients with hemodialysis (OAPHD) which was designed to improve health status and quality of life of these older adult patients. Methods: Participants were 40 patients with OAPHD: 20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. MSREP was conducted with the experimental group for 12 weeks at H geriatric hospital. An assessment was done to determine effects on physical performance, inflammation index, fatigue, muscle strength and quality of life. Short physical performance battery, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), visual analog scale for fatigue, object lifting' proposed by the Life Options Rehabilitation Advisory Council, sit-to-stand test, and quality of life index were used to gather data. Results: Between the 2 groups there was no significant difference in scores for physical performance, fatigue or quality of life. However, the 2 groups showed significant difference in CRP values and muscle power scores on post-test. Conclusion: Findings provide evidence for the potential utility of education for older adult patients with hemodialysis. Also, this program could allow these patients to increase muscle strength, and contribute to achieving better health conditions in OAPHD care.