Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2021.22.5.371

Effects of Combined Exercise Training on Physical Performance, Falling Risk and Balance in Elderly Women  

Park, Hyeok (Department of Living Physical Education, Chunnam Techno University)
Kim, Daeyeol (Department of Physical Education, Chonnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society / v.22, no.5, 2021 , pp. 371-378 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study examined the effects of combined exercise training for preventing falls on the physical performance, falling index, and balance in elderly women. All subjects (N = 32) were recruited and divided randomly to either a combined exercise group (n= 16, EX) or non-exercise control group (n = 16, CON). During 12 weeks of training, the subjects in the EX performed the combined exercise programs (three times/week, 60min/session), and the subjects in the CON maintained their ordinary lives. At the PRE, MID, POST tests, All subjects completed senior fitness tests(dynamic balance, two minutes walking, sit and stand for 30 seconds), tests for falling risk with Tetrax, and tests for posture balance with the spine balance 3D. After the baseline tests, two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with contrast testing was used with SPSS 21.0. Alpha was set to 0.05. In the results, the dynamin balance (p=.001), two minutes walking (p=.001), sit and stand for 30 seconds (p=.001), falling risk (p=.002), and posture balance (p=.034) in the EX were significantly different, but not in the CON. Thus, elderly females who performed combined exercise training for 12 weeks can increase their physical fitness & posture stability and reduce their falling risk.
Keywords
Combined exercise; Elderly females; Physical fitness; Posture balance; Falling index;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 D. S. Kim, I. S. Choi, S. Y. Kim. Research Article : Open Access ; The Impact of Lower Extremity Strengthening Exercise with Step Box and Elastic Band on Balance Ability and Lower Extremity Muscular Strength in Community-living Elderly Individuals. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine, Vol.11, No.1, pp.11-21, 2016. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2016.11.1.11   DOI
2 Rikli, R. E., & Jones, C. J. Senior Fitness Test Manual -2nd edition. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetic, 2013.
3 S. H. Kim, Adjustment of Retirement Age and Pension Entitlement Age according to Aging : Case Study of Germany, Korean social security studies, Vol.37, No.1 pp.1-29, 2021.
4 Gobbens, R. J., Luijkx, K. G., Wijnen-Sponselee, M. T., & Schols, J. M. In search of an integral conceptual definition of frailty: opinions of experts. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, Vol.11, No.5, pp.338-343, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2009.09.015   DOI
5 Society, A. G., Society, G., Of, A. A., & On Falls Prevention, O. S. P. Guideline for the prevention of falls in older persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, Vol.49, No.5, pp.664-672, 2001.   DOI
6 Fried, L. P., Ferrucci, L., Darer, J., Williamson, J. D., & Anderson, G. Untangling the concepts of disability, frailty, and comorbidity: implications for improved targeting and care. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, Vol.59, No.3, pp.M255-M263, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/59.3.M255   DOI
7 Tinetti, M. E., & Speechley, M. Prevention of falls among the elderly. New England journal of medicine, Vol.320, No.16, pp.1055-1059, 1989. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198904203201606   DOI
8 Masud, T. & Morris, R. O. Epidemiology of falls. Age and Aging, Vol.30, (Suppl. 4), pp.3-7, 2001.   DOI
9 Camargos, F. F., Dias, R. C., Dias, J., & Freire, M. T. Cross-cultural adaptation and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International Among Elderly Brazilians (FES-I-BRAZIL). Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, Vol.14 no.3, pp. 237-243, 2010. DOI :https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-35552010000300010   DOI
10 Grundstrom, A. C., Guse, C. E., & Layde, P. M. Risk factors for falls and fall-related injuries in adults 85 years of age and older. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Vol.54, No.3, pp.421-428, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2011.06.008   DOI
11 J. Yang, W.H. Lee, K. S. Kang, H.S. Kim The Effect of the Fall Prevention Exercise Program Focussed on Strengthening of the Lower Extremity Muscles on the Change of Physical Function and Muscle Architecture of the Elderly, Journal of the Korea Academia Industrial cooperation Society. Vol. 16, No.3, pp.1904-1919, 2015. DOI :http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.3.1904   DOI
12 American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010.
13 Rikli, R. E., & Jones, C. J. Senior Fitness Test Manual -2nd edition. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetic, 2013.
14 O. Lee, H. S. Nam, S. A. Kong, J. W. Kim, C. Z. Kim, H. J. Kang, Y. S. Kim. Clinical Article : The Relationships between Physical Activity and Lmmanent Fall Risk Factors in the Elderly, The Korean Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol.28, No.2, pp.95-102, 2010.
15 M. h. Park, D. W. Lee, M. B. Jeong, The Effect of Coordinative Locomotor Training on Physical Factors for Falls in the Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment, Journal of the korean society of physical medicine, Vol.15, No.2, pp.65 - 73, 2020. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2020.15.2.65   DOI
16 D. R. Lee, The Effects of Coordinative Locomotor Training Program for Life-Care Promotion on Balance of Obese Elderly Women, Journal of the Korea Entertainment Industry Association, Vol.14, No.1, pp.17-25, 2020.   DOI
17 Y. S. Park, M. Y. Kim, S. W. Park, O. J. Lee, Identify the Type of Exercise to Prevent Falls for Healthy Elderly Life, Journal of the Korea Entertainment Industry Association, Vol.13, No.7, pp.361-373, 2019. https://doi.org/10.21184/jkeia.2019.10.13.7.361   DOI
18 K. Y. Chang, H. S. Woo, Influence of Fall-preventive Occupational Therapy Applied to Elderly in the Community upon Balance Ability. The Korea Contents Society, Vol.10, No.3, pp,232-240, 2010. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2010.10.3.232   DOI
19 Borg, G. A, Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Vol.14, No.5, pp.377-381, 1982.
20 S. H. kim, D. H. kim. The Effect of PNF Exercise on Body Functions and Fall Efficacy of Elderly Women. The Korean Journal of Physical Education, Vol.52, No.2, pp.495-512, 2013. UCI : G704-000541.2013.52.2.031
21 Pereira, C.L., Baptista, F., & Infante, P. Men older than 50 yrs are more likely to fall than women under similar conditions of health, body composition, and balance. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Vol.92, No.12, pp.1095-1103, 2013. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0b013e31829b49eb.   DOI
22 S. B. Seo, D. H. Kim, H. C. Jung, The Effect of 3-D Spine Stabilization Training on Trunk Muscle Strength and Body Composition in Elderly, Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology, Vol.9, No.1, pp.45-51, 2015.
23 Edwards, S. Neurological Physiotherapy- a Problem Solving Approach. Churchill Livingstone, London. 1996.
24 Milanovic, Z., Pantelic, S., Trajkovic, N., Sporis, G., Kostic, R., & James, N, Age-related decrease in physical activity and functional fitness among elderly men and women. Clinical Interventions in Aging, Vol.8, pp.549-556, 2013. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S44112   DOI
25 J. Y. Lee, S. K. Shin, Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Resistance Exercise for 16 Weeks on Senior Fitness Test and Self-Efficacy in Elderly Women, The Korean Journal of Growth and Development, Vol.28, No.1, pp,7-15, 2020. DOI : https://doi.org/10.34284/KJGD.2020.02.28.1.7   DOI
26 Redfern, M. S., Jennings, J. R., Martin, C., & Furman, J. M. Attention influences sensory integration for postural control in older adults. Gait & Posture, Vol.14, No.3, pp.211-216, 2001. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(01)00144-8   DOI
27 S. J. Kang, J. H. Kim, K. J. Ko, Effects of Aerobic, Resistance, Balance Exercise Program on Skeletal Muscle Index, Functional Fitness, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Frail Elderly Women, The Official Journal of the Korean Academy of Kinesiology, Vol.17, No.4, pp,9-20, 2015. DOI : https://doi.org/10.15758/jkak.2015.17.4.9   DOI
28 Scott, D., Hayes, A., Sanders, K. M., Aitken, D., Ebeling, P. R., & Jones, G. Operational definitions of sarcopenia and their associations with 5-year changes in falls risk in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. Osteoporosis international, Vol.25, No.1, pp.187-193, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-013-2431-5   DOI
29 S. W. Kim, H. J. Kang, Y. S. Shin, S. W. Jung, J. K. Song, Age-related changes on body composition, functional fitness and arterial compliance in elderly women, The Korean Journal of Physical Education, Vol.54, No.1, pp.485-494, 2015.
30 Lord, S. R., Clark, R. D., & Webster, I. W. Postural stability and associated physiological factors in a population of aged persons. Journal of Gerontology, Vol.46, No.3, pp.69-76, 1991. DOI :https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/46.3.M69   DOI
31 K. A. Kim, J. H. Lee, M. H. Kim, H. S. Nho, Effects of 12-week GO stepping exercise on cognitive function, fall efficacy and longevity fitness age of older women participating in the elderly welfare center, Journal of Converging Sport and Exercise Sciences, Vol.18 No.1 pp.83-92, 2020.   DOI
32 Statistics Korea, http://www.kostat.go.kr/ (accessed April 10, 2021.
33 H. S. Rhyu, S. Y. Hong, The effect of the 12-week Pilates program on the physical fitness, balance, and fall index of the elderly women, Korean Journal of Adapted Physical Activity, Vol.28, No.3, pp.89-102, 2020.
34 K. s. Jeong, J. U. Heo, Comparison of Fear of Falling, Self-Efficacy of Falling and Fall Prevention Behavior According to the Fall Experience of the Elderly, Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine, Vol.8, No.4, pp.253-263, 2020. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.15268/ksim.2020.8.4.253   DOI
35 S. B. Seo, D. H. Kim, H. C. Jung, The Effect of 3-D Spine Stabilization Training on Trunk Muscle Strength and Body Composition in Elderly, Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology, Vol.9 No.1, pp.45-51, 2015.
36 J. H. Yeom, Falls among Korean Older Adults: A Study of Recovery, Disablement, and Death, Korea Journal of Population Studies, Vol.43, No.2, pp.103-127, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31693/KJPS.2020.06.43.2.103   DOI
37 C. H. Song, D. H. Kim, Effects of exercise utilizing the U-healthcare equipment on the balance factors of falls and balance control ability of the elderly, Korean Journal of sports Science, Vol.24, No.2, pp.1033-1047, 2015. UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2016-692-001442861