• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.53-53
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• 2008

Piezoelectric transformers have been widely used such as DC-DC convertor, invertor, Ballast, etc. Because, the y have some merits compared with electro-magnetic transformers such as step-up ratio, high efficiency, small size and lg hit weight, etc. Piezoelectric transformer require high electromechanical coupling factor kp in order to induce a large out put power in proportional to applied electric field. And also, high mechanical quality factor Qm is required to prevent mechanical loss and heat generation. In general, PZT system ceramics should be sintered at high temperatures between 1200 and $1300^{\circ}C$ in order to obtain complete densification. Accordingly, environmental pollution due to its PbO evaporation. Hence, to reduce its sintering temperature, various kinds of material processing methods such as hot pressing, high energy mill, liquid phase sintering, and using ultra fine powder have been performed. Among these methods, liquid phase sintering is basically an effective method for aiding densification at low temperature. In this study, In order to comparis on low temperature sintering and solid state sintering piezoelectric transformers, rosen type transformers were fabricated u sing two PZT ceramics compositions and their electrical properties were investigated.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.306-311
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• 1994

In this study, the influence of the powder sintering, the 2nd sinteiing and the grinding time on the Superconducting properties in the Bi(Pb)SiCaCuO Superconductor has been studied. From the analysis of SEM and XRD patterns, it was known that the sample prepared by the process of powder sintering has a porous microstructure with the critical temperature(Tc) below 77K, while the sample prepared by the 2nd sintering has a highly oriented microstructure with the Tc above 100K. The Critical Current Density(Jc) of the sample prepared by the 2nd sintering was better than the sample prepared by the process of powder sinteiing, but it's Jc, was low in practical use. Also, the effect of grinding time from 0[min] to 120[min] was investigated. As the grinding time is increased, the samples degraded from high-Tc phase to low-Tc phase and nonsuperconducting phases.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1320-1325
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• 2004

In this study, in order to develop the low temperature sintering ceramics for multilayer piezoelectric transformer, PCW-PMN-PZT ceramics added with Li$_2$CO$_3$, Bi$_2$O$_3$ and CuO as sintering aids were manufactured, and their microstructural, dielectric and piezoelectric properties were investigated. When the only CuO was added, specimens could not be sintered below 98$0^{\circ}C$. However, when Li$_2$CO$_3$ and Bi$_2$O$_3$ were added, specimens could be sintered below 98$0^{\circ}C$. Li$_2$CO$_3$ and Bi$_2$O$_3$ addition were proved to lower sintering temperature of piezoelectric ceramics due to the effect of Li$_2$O-Bi$_2$O$_3$ liquid phase. Li$_2$CO$_3$ and Bi$_2$O$_3$ added specimens showed higher piezoelectric properties than those of the only CuO added specimens. At 0.2 wt% Li$_2$CO$_3$ and 0.3 wt% Bi$_2$O$_3$ added specimen sintered at 92$0^{\circ}C$, the dielectric constant of 1457, electromechanical coupling factor of 0.56 and mechanical quality factor of 1000 were shown, respectively. These values are suitable for multilayer piezoelectric transformer application.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.1111-1116
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• 1995

To use dielectric material of high power multilayer capacitor, the composition of the commercial CaTiO3 was changed to decrease the sintering temperature, and the physical and electrical properties were investigated. Series of experiments showed that CaTiO3 with sintering additives had the highest density, the highest shrinkage, the lowest dielectric constant, the lowest loss factor, and the lowest temperature coefficient of capacitance (TCC). These properties had the constant values at sintering temperature of above 120$0^{\circ}C$.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.352-355
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• 1998

Dense $ Pb(Zr, Ti)O_3(PZT)/Al_2O_3$ nanocomposites were prepared by the 28 GHz microwave heating method and conventional electric furnace sintering. Electrical and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The fracture strength of the PZT composites with 0.1vol% $Al_2O_3$ was significantly improved in both sintering methods. Smaller grain size and effective reinforcement of the PZT matrix by the second phase were considered to be responsible for the excellent fracture strength. Planar electromechanical coupling factor Kp of the composites sintered by 28GHz microwave heating was higher than that of the materical prepared by the conventional route. It seemed that the control of the reaction between PZT and $Al_2O_3$ by the microwave rapid sintering resulted in the high piezoelectric properties.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.1030-1036
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• 1994

The ceramics in the system 0.5[Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3]-0.5[0.65PbTiO3-0.35PbZrO3] were prepared by conventional solid state reaction method, double calcined method (columbite precursor method) and flux method using NaCl-KCl. Amount of pyrochlore phase for the calcined powders, sintering charateristrics, dielectric and piezoelectric properties were then investigated. Sintering temperature was 1000~120$0^{\circ}C$ and in case of flux method, the amount of flux to oxide was 1 : 1 mole ratio. The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of ceramics prepared by double calcined method and flux method were found to be better than those by conventional method. It was also possible to lower sintering temperature and reduce the amount of pyrochlore phase either by double calcined method or flux method. But with increasing sintering temperature, the difference in characteristrics due to diffrent fabrication method gradually.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.1034-1038
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• 2007

In order to develop the composition ceramics capable of being sintered at low temperature with high piezoelectric properties for multilayer piezoelectric actuator application, PZW-PMN-PZT system ceramics were manufactured according to sintering aid $Li_2CO_3$ addition and their microstructural, dielectric and piezoelectric properties were investigated. The crystal structure of the specimens showed a perovskite phase and no pyrochlore or other second phase was detected. At the sintering temperature of $900\;^{\circ}C,\;0.2\;wt%Li_2CO_3$ added specimen showed a optimum values of kp = 0.562, $d_{33}\;=\;360\;pC/N$ and Qm = 1184, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.1197-1202
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• 1998

To check the possibility for microwave sintering of MLCC(multi layer ceramic capacitor) the tape cast-ed BaTiO3 thick films in zirconia insulation box were sintered by the domestic microwave oven. Microwave sintered samples had higher density lower porosity than coventionally sintered ones. but they didn't show Z5U electrical properties due to short sintering time about 15 minutes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.259-259
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• 2007

The low temperature sintering of dolomite type borates, $CaZr(BO_3)_2$[CZB] ceramics and their microwave dielectric properties were investigated The sintering temperature of CZB ceramics could be reduced from $1150^{\circ}C$ to $925^{\circ}C$ by the addition of sintering additive. $CaZrO_3$, $ZrO_2$ and $CaB_2O_4$ second phases were found in the CZB ceramics. The syntheses, sintering properties, microstructures, and dielectricnproperties of dolomite-type borates were examined by XRD, thermal analysis, electron microscopy, network analyzer, and the results are discussed intensively. The compatibility with silver electrode was also explored.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.58.1-58.1
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• 2011

WC-Co and other similar cemented carbides have been widely used as hard materials in industrial cutting tools and as mould metals; and a number of techniques have been applied to improve its microstructural characteristics, hardness and ear resistance. Cobalt is used primarily to facilitate liquid phase sintering and acts as a matrix, i.e. a cementing phase between WC grains. A uniform distribution of metal phase in a ceramic is beneficial for improved mechanical properties of the composite. WC-Co, starting from initial powders, is vastly used for a variety of machining, cutting, drilling, and other applications because of its unique combination of high strength, high hardness, high toughness, and moderate modulus of elasticity, especially with fine grained WC and finely distributed cobalt. In this study, that started with two different compositions of initial powders, WC-7.5wt%Co and WC-12wt%Co with initial powder size being 1~3 ${\mu}m$, magnetic pulsed compaction followed by subsequent vacuum sintering were carried out to produce consolidated preforms. Magnetic Pulsed Compaction (MPC), a very short duration (~600 ${\mu}s$), high pressure (~4 Gpa), high-density preform molding method was used with varied pressure between 0.5 and 3.0 Gpa, in order to reach an initial high density that would help improve the sintering behavior. For both compositions and varied MPC pressure, before and after sintering, changes in microstructural behavior and mechanical properties were analyzed. With proper combination of MPC pressure and sintering, samples were obtained with better mechanical properties, densification and microstructural behavior, and considerably improved than other conventional processes.