• Title/Summary/Keyword: Single-Cell Analysis

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New Records of Two unknown Micro-filamentous Endophytic Green Algae in Korea: Phaeophila dendroides and Dilabifilum arthropyreniae (한국산 미기록 사상형 내생녹조 2종: 꼬인털속살이말 및 속살이마디말)

  • KIM, Chansong;KIM, Young Sik;NAM, Ki Wan
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.234-241
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    • 2017
  • Morphological and molecular information about two microfilamentous endophytic algae of the Grateloupia lanceolata or Bryopsis sp. from Korea is given. Of two endophytes, Phaeophila dendroides is endophytic in Grateloupia lanceolata. It is green in color and composed of uniseriate branched filaments with long setae. Each cell had several pyrenoids. Undulate or twisted Phaeophila-type hair developed from vegetative cells. Dilabifilum arthropyreniae is endophytic in Bryopsis sp. The frond of this species consists of frequently irregular, branching uniseriate filaments. Each cell had a single pyrenoid without hairs. Sporangia were not observed. The ends of the filaments were curved. In the phylogenetic tree, based on tufA and ITS sequences, these two species are nested in the same clade as Phaeophila dendroides and Dilabifilum arthropyreniae, respectively. In this study, these two species are newly recorded in the Korean marine algal flora, based on the morphological and molecular data.

Analysis on Current and Optical Characteristics by Electronic Ink Loading Method in Charged Particles Type Display (대전입자형 디스플레이에서 전자 잉크 주입 방법에 따른 전류 및 광특성 분석)

  • An, Hyeong-Jin;Kim, Young-cho
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.123-129
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    • 2020
  • We analyzed the drift current by charged particles according to the loading methods applied into a closed cell by electronic ink at a reflective-type display panel using an electrophoretic mechanism. For this experiment, various panels were fabricated with injection voltages for electronic ink taking values in the range -4~0 V. The size of each cell was 220 ㎛ × 220 ㎛ and height of the barrier rib was 54.28 ㎛. The electronic ink was fabricated by mixing electrically neutral fluid and single-charge white particles. Drift current was measured by moving charged particles. A biasing voltage of 6 V was applied to the display panel. As a result, the drift current was proportional to the injection voltage for electronic ink, but it decreased in case of an injection voltage above -3 V. Our experimentation ascertained that the concentration of charged particles injected into closed cells is controlled by the injection voltage and the selective injection of charged particles above movable q/m is possible.

Isolation and Identification of Photosynthetic Bacterium Useful for Wastewater Treatment

  • Choi, Han-Pil;Kang, Hyun-Jun;Seo, Ho-Chan;Sung, Ha-Chin
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.643-648
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    • 2002
  • For wastewater treatment and utilization of the biomass, a photosynthetic bacterium was isolated based on its cell growth rate, cell mass, and assimilating ability of organic acids. The isolate was a Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium that contained a single polar flagellum and formed a lamellar intracytoplasmic membrane (ICM) system, including bacteriochlorophyll $\alpha$. The major isoprenoid quinone component was identified as ubiquinone Q-10, and the fatty acid composition was characterized as to contain relatively large amount of C-16:0 (18.74%) and C-18:1 (59.23%). Based on its morphology, phototrophic properties, quinone component, and fatty acid composition, the isolate appeared to be closely related to the Rhodopseudomonas subgroup of purple nonsulfur bacteria. A phylogenetic analysis of the isolate using its 16S rRNA gene sequence data also supported the phenotypic findings, and classified the isolate closely related to Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Accordingly, the nomenclature of the isolate was proposed as Rhodopseudomonas palustris KUGB306. A bench-scale photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) reactor using the isolate was designed and operated for the treatment of soybean curd wastewater.

Association of the Genetic Polymorphisms for CD247 Gene and Tuberculosis Case

  • Ju, Yeongdon;Kim, Sung-Soo;Lee, Kyung Eun;Park, Sangjung;Jin, Hyunwoo
    • Biomedical Science Letters
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.22-27
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    • 2020
  • Tuberculosis is airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Host genetic factors of these tuberculosis play an important role in determining individual difference in susceptibility or resistance to infectious diseases including tuberculosis. CD247 is named CD3zeta chain or CD3ζ. CD247 gene is a protein-coding gene involved in phagocytosis and signal transduction of the T cell receptor (TCR). Also, downregulation of the CD3ζ chain has been associated to chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to research association of the genetic polymorphisms for CD247 gene and tuberculosis. We analyzed association of CD247 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis using 149 imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with Korean population. And the results of this study show that seven SNPs of CD247 were identified to associate with tuberculosis. The most significant SNP was rs858545 (OR=1.22, CI: 1.05~1.42, P=0.009481). This study suggests that polymorphisms of CD247 may affect the T cell receptor signaling pathway, which may associate the infection of tuberculosis.

Visual Cell OOK Modulation : A Case Study of MIMO CamCom (시각 셀 OOK 변조 : MIMO CamCom 연구 사례)

  • Le, Nam-Tuan;Jang, Yeong Min
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.38C no.9
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    • pp.781-786
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    • 2013
  • Multiplexing information over parallel data channels based on RF MIMO concept is possible to achieve considerable data rates over large transmission ranges with just a single transmitting element. Visual multiplexing MIMO techniques will send independent streams of bits using the multiple elements of the light transmitter array and recording over a group of camera pixels can further enhance the data rates. The proposed system is a combination of the reliance on computer vision algorithms for tracking and OOK cell frame modulation. LED array are controlled to transmit message in the form of digital information using ON-OFF signaling with ON-OFF pulses (ON = bit 1, OFF = bit 0). A camera captures image frames of the array which are then individually processed and sequentially decoded to retrieve data. To demodulated data transmission, a motion tracking algorithm is implemented in OpenCV (Open source Computer Vision library) to classify the transmission pattern. One of the most advantages of proposed architecture is Computer Vision (CV) based image analysis techniques which can be used to spatially separate signals and remove interferences from ambient light. It will be the future challenges and opportunities for mobile communication networking research.

Electrical Properties of Organic Photovoltaic Cell using CuPc/$C_{60}$ double layer (CuPc/$C_{60}$ 이중층을 이용한 유기 광기전 소자의 전기적 특성)

  • Lee, Ho-Shik;Cheon, Min-Woo;Park, Yong-Pil
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2007.06a
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    • pp.505-506
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    • 2007
  • Organic photovoltaic effects were studied in a device structure of ITO/CuPc/Al and ITO/CuPc/$C_{60}$/BCP/Al. A thickness of CuPc layer was varied from 10 nm to 50 nm, we have obtained that the optimum CuPc layer thickness is around 40 nm from the analysis of the current density-voltage characteristics in CuPc single layer photovoltaic cell. From the thickness-dependent photovoltaic effects in CuPc/$C_{60}$ heterojunction devices, higher power conversion efficiency was obtained in ITO/20nm CuPc/40nm $C_{60}$/Al, which has a thickness ratio (CuPc/$C_{60}$) of 1:2 rather than 1:1 or 1:3. Light intensity on the device was measured by calibrated Si-photodiode and radiometer/photometer of International Light Inc(IL 14004).

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Chemical and micromorphological changes of archaeological waterlogged wood degraded in marine situations. (해양에서 열화된 완도선 수침고목재의 화학적.미시형태적 변화)

  • Kim, Ik-Joo
    • 보존과학연구
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    • s.11
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    • pp.87-105
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    • 1990
  • Chemical and micro morphological changes of archaeological waterlogged woods from shipwrecked materials in marine situations were investigated which were submerged in seabed for over 900 years. Tested Wood species were Pinusdensiflora, Zelkova serrata, Quercus acutissima and Camellia japonica. The obtained results were summarized as follows; Chemical analysis showed that lignin content was increased, whereas the amout of holocellulose was heavily decreased in the degraded archaeological lwoods(DAW), when compared to the recent woods. The amount of alkalineextractives in the DAW was extremley high. IR spectra showed that disappearance of absortion band at $1,730㎝^-1$ intensity increase at 1,600, 1,500 and $1,270㎝^-1$ and the emergence of single band around $1,050㎝^-1$.Microscopic investigation showed that cell wall of latewood tracheids and fiber in the DAW were severely degraded while, early wood tracheids less degraded. Degradation in the cell wall was mainley occurred in $S_2$layer, while the middle lamella was the least degraded. The micro morphological characteristics of DAW were separation of secondary wall from middle lamella, cavities aligned with micro fibril angle in $S_2$layer and granular appearance of secondary wall by the bacterial attack.

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$TiO_2$ Nanocubes for Rapid Electron Transfer in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell

  • Yang, Hye-Yeong;Bang, So-Yeon;Lee, Do-Gwon;Go, Min-Jae;Kim, Gyeong-Gon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2010.02a
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    • pp.317-317
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    • 2010
  • This paper reports syntheses of $TiO_2$ nanocubes and theirs application to DSSC. We synthesized $TiO_2$ nanocubes via solvothermal method using titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) and tetramethylammoiumhydroxide (TMAH). By adding longer alkyl chain ammonium hydroxide that slowed down the growth rate of the crystal, $TiO_2$ nanocubes were obtained with average particle size in the range of 40 nm to 70 nm. By TEM investigation, each particle was found to be single crystal of anatase having six-faces of (001) and {100} crystallographic planes truncated by {101} series of planes, which are clearly distinguishable from spherical nanoparticles. Among various application, utilizing nanocubes as photo-electrode in dye-sensitized solar cell, we investigated photo-electron conversion performances in comparison with spherical shaped $TiO_2$ nanoparticles by I-V characteristics and IPCE measurements, etc.. Photocurrent-transient analysis revealed that $TiO_2$ nanocubes have a higher transient electron transfer rate by more than 10 times compared with spherical particles of similar size. Fast electron transport along the cube edges having small curvature was suggested as a plausible origin of high diffusion coefficient of electron in nanocube $TiO_2$.

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Comparative Study on the EC50 Value in Single and Mixtures of Dimethylformamide, Methyl Ethyl Ketone, and Toluene

  • Kim, Ki-Woong;Won, Yong Lim;Park, Dong Jin;Kim, Doh-Hee;Song, Kwan Young
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.199-204
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    • 2014
  • The aim of this research was to improve our understanding of human toxicity due to exposure to DMF, MEK, or TOL individually as compared to exposure to DMF-MEK or DMF-TOL mixtures, by comparing $EC_{50}$ values as well as the morphological changes in HepG2 cells treated with these substances. We found that there was marked cell necrosis in the groups treated with mixtures than in those treated with the compounds alone, and that the amount of cell death and the $EC_{50}$ value were more dependent on MEK and TOL than on DMF. Moreover, analysis of the changes in effective concentration curves revealed that MEK had an antagonistic effect on the human toxicity of DMF, whereas TOL had a synergistic effect. Accordingly, these results suggest that in workplaces involved in the manufacture of synthetic leather, mixtures of DMF and TOL should be avoided as much as possible in order to minimize environmental toxicity and protect the health of the workers.

One Step Electrodeposition of Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Using Sodium Thiocyanate as Complexing Agent

  • Sani, Rabiya;Manivannan, R.;Victoria, S. Noyel
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.308-319
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    • 2018
  • Single step electrodeposition of $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$ (CZTS) for solar cell applications was studied using an aqueous thiocyanate based electrolyte. The sodium thiocyanate complexing agent was found to decrease the difference in the deposition potential of the elements. X-ray diffraction analysis of the samples indicates the formation of kesterite phase CZTS. UV-vis studies reveal the band gap of the deposits to be in the range of 1.2 - 1.5 eV. The thickness of the deposit was found to decrease with increase in pH of the electrolyte. Nearly stoichiometric composition was obtained for CZTS films coated at pH 2 and 2.5. I-V characterization of the film with indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate in the presence and the absence of light source indicate that the resistance decrease significantly in the presence of light indicating suitability of the deposits for solar cell applications. Results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies reveal that the cathodic process for sulfur reduction is the slowest among all the elements.