• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.389-399
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose one-bit feedback-based distributed beamforming (DBF) techniques for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in interference channels where the information transfer and power transfer networks coexist in the same frequency spectrum band. In a power transfer network, multiple distributed energy transmission nodes transmit their energy signals to a single energy receiving node capable of harvesting wireless radio frequency energy. Here, by considering the Internet-of-Things sensor network, the energy harvesting/information decoding receivers (ERx/IRx) can report their status (which may include the received signal strength, interference, and channel state information) through one-bit feedback channels. To maximize the amount of energy transferred to the ERx and simultaneously minimize the interference to the IRx, we developed a DBF technique based on one-bit feedback from the ERx/IRx without sharing the information among distributed transmit nodes. Finally, the proposed DBF algorithm in the interference channel is verified through the simulations and also implemented in real time by using GNU radio and universal software radio peripheral.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3172-3193
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• 2022

Cognitive radio-simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (CR-SWIPT) has attracted much interest since it can improve both the spectrum and energy efficiency of wireless networks. This paper focuses on the resource sharing between a point-to-point primary system (PRS) and a multiuser multi-antenna cellular cognitive radio system (CRS) containing a large number of cognitive users (CUs). The resource sharing optimization problem is formulated by jointly scheduling CUs and adjusting the transmit power at the cognitive base station (CBS). The effect of accessing CUs' spatial channel correlation on the possible transmit power of the CBS is investigated. Accordingly, we provide a low-complexity suboptimal approach termed the semi-correlated semi-orthogonal user selection (SC-SOUS) algorithm to enhance the spectrum efficiency. In the proposed algorithm, CUs that are highly correlated to the information decoding primary receiver (IPR) and mutually near orthogonal are selected for simultaneous transmission to reduce the interference to the IPR and increase the sum rate of the CRS. We further develop a spatial correlation-based resource sharing (SC-RS) strategy to improve energy sharing performance. CUs nearly orthogonal to the energy harvesting primary receiver (EPR) are chosen as candidates for user selection. Therefore, the EPR can harvest more energy from the CBS so that the energy utilization of the network can improve. Besides, zero-forcing precoding and power control are adopted to eliminate interference within the CRS and meet the transmit power constraints. Simulation results and analysis show that, compared with the existing CU selection methods, the proposed low-complex strategy can enhance both the achievable sum rate of the CRS and the energy sharing capability of the network.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.917-922
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• 2016

RF신호로부터 전력을 수집하는 에너지 하베스팅 기술은 센서의 전원 공급 문제를 해결함으로써 네트워크의 수명을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안으로 최근 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 무선 정보 및 전력 동시 전송을 위한 효율적인 알고리즘을 제안하고자 한다. 먼저, 에너지 하베스팅 네트워크에서 채널의 probability density function을 이용하여 water-level의 하계값을 찾은 후, 이를 기반으로 파워 할당 해를 도출한다. 또한, 최소 필요 획득 에너지 조건을 효율적으로 만족시켜줄 수 있는 파워 분할 방안을 제안하였다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안 방안은 기존 방안에 비해 최소 필요 획득 에너지 조건을 보장하면서 평균 데이터 전송률을 향상시키고, 최적해에 비해서는 10% 미만의 미미한 성능 저하가 있었지만 계산 복잡도를 현저히 줄일 수 있음을 보인다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.4223-4239
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• 2016

In this paper, we consider an amplify-and-forward (AF) full-duplex relay network (FDRN) using simultaneous wireless information and power transfer, where a battery-free relay node harvests energy from the received radio frequency (RF) signals from a source node and uses the harvested energy to forward the source information to destination node. The time-switching relaying (TSR) protocol is studied, with the assumption that the channel state information (CSI) at the relay node is imperfect. We deliver a rigorous analysis of the outage probability of the proposed system. Based on the outage probability expressions, the optimal time switching factor are obtained via the numerical search method. The simulation and numerical results provide practical insights into the effect of various system parameters, such as the time switching factor, the noise power, the energy harvesting efficiency, and the channel estimation error on the performance of this network. It is also observed that for the imperfect CSI case, the proposed scheme still can provide acceptable outage performance given that the channel estimation error is bounded in a permissible interval.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.254-266
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• 2023

This paper investigates the effect of hardware impairments (HIs) and imperfect channel state information (ICSI) on a SWIPT-assisted adaptive nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA)/orthogonal multiple access (OMA) system over independent and nonidentical Rayleigh fading channels. In the NOMA mode, the energy-constrained near users act as a relay to improve the performance for the far users. The OMA transmission mode is adopted to avoid a complete outage when NOMA is infeasible. The best user selection scheme is considered to maximize the energy harvested and avoid error propagation. To characterize the performance of the proposed systems, closed-form and asymptotic expressions of the outage probability for both near and far users are studied. Moreover, exact and approximate expressions of the ergodic rate for near and far users are investigated. Simulation results are provided to verify our theoretical analysis and confirm the superiority of the proposed NOMA/OMA scheme in comparison with the conventional NOMA and OMA protocol with/without HIs and ICSI.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.1277-1282
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• 2016

차세대 무선 통신 시스템에서는 RF 에너지 하베스팅 기술을 이용하여 센서의 전원 부족 문제를 해결하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 채널 추정 오차가 존재하는 에너지 하베스팅 네트워크에서 무선 정보 및 전력 동시 전송을 위한 효율적인 알고리즘을 제안하고자 한다. 먼저, 1차원의 완전 검색을 통해 최적의 채널 추정 주기를 찾은 후, MMSE 채널 추정기를 이용하여 채널을 추정한다. 추정된 채널 값을 기반으로, 최소 필요 획득 에너지 조건을 만족시켜주면서 데이터 전송률을 최대화할 수 있는 파워 할당 및 분할 방안을 제안하였다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안 방안은 완벽한 채널 추정을 가정한 최적 방안에 비해 10% 미만의 성능 저하가 있었지만, 기존 방안과 비교할 시에는 데이터 전송률을 20% 이상 향상시킴을 확인 하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.3012-3028
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose a joint power control strategy for both the uplink and downlink transmission by considering the energy requirements of the user equipments' uplink data transmissions in data and energy integrated communication networks (DEINs). In DEINs, the base station (BS) adopts the power splitting (PS) aided simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technique in the downlink (DL) transmissions, while the user equipments (UEs) carry out their own uplink (UL) transmissions by exploiting the energy harvested during the BS's DL transmissions. In our DEIN model, there are M UEs served by the BS in order to fulfil both of their DL and UL transmissions. The orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technique is adopted for supporting the simultaneous transmissions of multiple UEs. Furthermore, a transmission frame is divided into N time slots in the medium access control (MAC) layer. The mathematical model is established for maximizing the sum-throughput of the UEs' DL transmissions and for ensuring their fairness during a single transmission frame T, respectively. In order to achieve these goals, in each transmission frame T, we optimally allocate the BS's power for each subcarrier and the PS factor for each UE during a specific time slot. The original optimisation problems are transformed into convex forms, which can be perfectly solved by convex optimisation theories. Our numerical results compare the optimal results by conceiving the objective of maximising the sum-throughput and those by conceiving the objective of maximising the fair-throughput. Furthermore, our numerical results also reveal the inherent tradeoff between the DL and the UL transmissions.