• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 유사 사이버 괴롭힘 상황에서 여중생의 주변인으로서 반응을 분석하는 것이었다. 또한 가·피해 경험, 분노표출, 그리고 상태분노가 여중생의 주변인으로서 반응에 영향을 미치는지 검증하고자 하였다. 연구 참가자는 2, 3학년인 여중생(N=59)으로 구성되었다. 반응은 7개 범주(외현적 언어, 공격하기, 패스하기, 주제 바꾸기, 피해자 위로하기, 기타, 동조하기)로 분류되었다. 이 중 공격하기는 공격 표적에 따라 세분하였다(피해자, 가해자, 모두, 대상모호). 이는 다시 '공격반응', '도움반응'으로 분류되어 반응의 강도에 따라 채점 및 합산되어 종속변수로 사용되었다. 수집된 자료는 상관 분석과 중다회귀분석을 통해 분석되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다: 첫째, 기타(41.69%) 반응이 가장 많은 것으로 나타났고 뒤이어 외현적 언어(20.34%), 패스하기(13.56%), 가해자 공격하기(8.81%), 동조하기(8.64%), 주제 바꾸기(6.61%), 그리고 피해자 위로하기(0.34%) 순으로 이어졌다. 둘째, 피해자 공격에는 과거 가해경험 및 분노표출은 정적영향을, 과거 피해경험은 부적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 상태분노는 가해자 공격 및 피해자 도움반응에 정적영향을 미쳤다. 가·피해자 모두 및 대상모호 공격에는 어느 변인도 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 사이버 괴롭힘 상황에서 여중생들이 주변인으로서 적절한 개입을 하도록 돕는 데 유용한 자료가 될 것이다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 한계점 및 후속연구를 위한 제언이 논의되었다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.409-418
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• 2017

Purpose: Ineffective communication between healthcare professionals leads to medical errors and puts patients at risk of harm. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of interdisciplinary communication training in simulated settings on self-confidence in communication, observed communication behavior, and technical skill performances of nursing students. Methods: A repeated measures design with one group was conducted. Data was collected from 92 nursing students through a self-administered questionnaire and an observed behavior checklist. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, a paired t-test, the Wilcoxon signed rank test, the Friedmann test, a Repeated Measures ANOVA, and the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: Self-confidence in communication, observed Identification-Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation-Read Back communication behavior, and technical skill performances of nursing students were significantly improved. In observed communication behavior, the performance of Assessment and Read Back communication significantly improved. However, communication of Background, Assessment, and Recommendation did not improve to a satisfactory level. Observed communication behavior was not correlated with the overall technical skill performance. Conclusion: These results indicate that interdisciplinary communication training in simulated settings was effective in improving nursing students' confidence and communication skills with physicians. Longitudinal studies with larger samples are recommended in order to verify the effects of interdisciplinary communication training on clinical outcomes as well as communication competence.

• 대기
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

For the allergy patient who needs to know the situation about the extent of pollen risk, the National Institute of Meteorological Sciences developed a pollen forecasting system based on the Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling (CMAQ). In the old system, pollen emission from the oak was estimated just based on the airborne concentration and meteorology factors, resulted in high uncertainty. For improving the quality of current pollen forecasting system, therefore the estimation of pollen emission is now corrected based on the observation of pollen emission at the oak forest to better reflect the real emission pattern. In this study, the performance of the previous (NIMS2014) and current (NIMS2016) model system was compared using observed oak pollen concentration. Daily pollen concentrations and emissions were simulated in pollen season 2016 and accuracy of onset and end of pollen season were evaluated. In the NIMS2014 model, pollen season was longer than actual pollen season; The simulated pollen season started 6 days earlier and finished 13.25 days later than the actual pollen season. The NIMS2016 model, however, the simulated pollen season started only 1.83 days later, and finished 0.25 days later than the actual pollen season, showing the improvement to predict the temporal range of pollen events. Also, the NIMS2016 model shows better performance for the prediction of pollen concentration, while there is a still large uncertainty to capture the maximum pollen concentration at the target site. Continuous efforts to correct these problems will be required in the future.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2002

Background and Objectives : The vocal fold nodules which were made by excessive contact or vibration of the vocal folds were classified to the soft nodule and the hard nodule in according to the hardness or the duration of nodule. Sometimes laryngologist saw the nodule to be located in different level. Authors thought that each nodule to be located in different level might have the different causes. Therefore we studied to know the relationship between the voicing technique and each vocal fold nodule to be located in different level. Materials and Methods : One-hundred forty nine patients who had the vocal fold nodule were evaluated. Sites and shapes of the vocal fold nodules were investigated using videostroboscopy. Videokymography was also used to scan the center of the vocal fold nodules during phonation and classified to several types. Same procedures were done on normal subject while he simulated the various types of voicing. And we compared the findings between both of them. Three different types of lesion can be distinguished. These are ML group that lesions were located from mid to low, MH group that lesions were located from mid to upper and HL group that lesions were located from lower to upper of the vocal folds. Results : The VKG findings of ML group and situation simulating with hard glottal attack and vocal fry were similar. MH group had a similar VKG findings with situation simulating with whispering or high pitch voicing. HL group had a similar VKG findings with situation simulating with loud voicing. Conclusions : Authors thought that each vocal fold nodule, which had different shapes and located in different level, related with the different types of voicing.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.417-428
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• 2004

본 연구는 상악 제1대구치에 발치공간 폐쇄를 위한 근심력 적용시, 대구치의 근원심 경사도와 회전정도의 변화가 치근막의 응력분포와 치근막 내에서의 초기 치아이동에 어떤 변화를 야기하는지를 살펴보기 위하여 시행되었다. 상악 제1대구치와 치근막의 3차원 유한요소모델을 제작하여 $20^{\circ}$의 근심경사와 원심경사를 설정하고. $20^{\circ}$의 근심회전과 원심회전을 설정하였다 각각의 상황에서 치체이동을 유도하는 근심력을 가하기 위해 협면에 rigid element를 부착하고 200g의 근심력과 9: 1의 countertipping 모멘트 5:1의 counterrotation모멘트를 부여하였다. 각각의 응력분포 및 초기이동 양상을 비교하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 상악 제1대구치의 경사도 변화나 회전 변화를 통해 근심력 적응시 구치의 근심이동에 대한 저항의 증가를 얻을 수 없었다. $20^{\circ}$의 근심경사와 $20^{\circ}$의 원심회전이 매우 유사한 응력분포 및 변위를 나타내었다 $20^{\circ}$의 원심경사와 $20^{\circ}$의 근심회전도 마찬가지로 유사성을 보였다. $20^{\circ}$ 근심경사 및 $20^{\circ}$ 원심회전된 경우 치근이 협측 이동하고 치관이 설측 이동하는 관상면 상에서의 회전경향이 발생하였다. $20^{\circ}$ 원심경사 및 $20^{\circ}$ 근심회전된 경우 치근이 설측 이동하고, 치관이 협측 이동하는 관상면 상에서의 회전경향이 발생하였다. 경사되거나 회전된 치아에 근심력을 가해야 할 경우 관상면상에서의 회전을 방지하기 위한 부가적인 토크 조절이 필요하다.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring
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• pp.451-457
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• 2000

In many dynamic problems such as foundation vibrations ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation and blasting analysts are confronted with the problem of wave propagation in an infinite or semi-infinite media. In order to simulate this situation by a finite analytical model provisions must be made to absorb the stress waves arriving at the boundary. Absorbing boundaries are mathematical artifacts used to prevent wave reflections at the boundaries of discrete models for infinite media under dynamic loads. An analytical study is carried out to examine the effectiveness of Lysmer-Kuhlemeyer model one of the most widely used absorbing boundaries. Validity of the absorbing boundary conditions suggested by Lymer-Kuhlemeyer is examined by adopting the solution of Ewing et al. to the problem of plane waves from a harmonic normal force on the surface of an elastic half-space. The Ewing's problem is than numerically simulated using the finite element method on a semi-circular mesh with and without absorbing boundaries which are represented by viscous dashpots. The absorption ratios are calculated by comparing the displacements at the absorbing boundaries to those at the free field without absorbing boudaries.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 대용량 자료 혹은 시간에 따라 순차적으로 들어오는 자료의 분류를 위한 부스팅(boosting) 알고리즘을 제안한다. 대용량 자료나 순차적 자료의 경우 분석시 모든 훈련 자료(training data)들을 한번에 이용하기 어려우므로 보통의 부스팅 알고리즘은 적절하지 못하다. 이러한 상황을 극복하기 위해 AdaBoost와 Arc-x4와 같은 부스팅 알고리즘을 수정하여 제안한다. 모의 실험과 실제 자료 분석을 통해 대용량 자료나 순차적 자료에 제안된 알고리즘이 잘 적용됨을 보였다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2013

Recently SARS and bird flu has been infected widely in the world; we have to care about germs and virus in indoor air environment. Especially that transmission by means of transportation is a major infection route. In this study, a private car simulated with CFD for prediction of indoor airborne microbe transport. Simulation performed with real situation in car, four occupants with a infected driver and four stage air ventilation controled by HVAC system. Result show that CFD can be visualized microbe transport other occupants and who is more exposed to airborne microbe. also it make a prediction of microbe transport in car.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.352-362
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• 2012

Mass transfer behavior in wood was estimated through its microscopic structure. The diffusion coefficients which were decided by theoretical equations are influenced by different anatomical properties of wood. From the experiment, the moisture flux was linear to the square root of time. The diffusion coefficients had a regular tendency during the time elapse. During the modeling, it is necessary to understand the limitation of parameters and consider the particular situation to be simulated. In hardwood, because the apertures were not considered, tangential mass transfer simulation was totally different from experiment. As a result, a hardwood model design should consider the apertures which are even on the fiber walls.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제30B권9호
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• pp.64-75
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• 1993

This paper proposes a recovering technique of the elevation map by stereo modeling of the aerial image sequence which is transformed based on the aircraft situation. The area-based stereo matching method is simulated and the various parameters are experimentally chosen. In a depth extraction step, the depth is determined by solving the vector equation. The equation is suitable for stereo modeling of aerial images which do not satisfy the epipolar constraint. Also, the performance of the conventional feature-based matching scheme is compared. Finally, techniques analyzing the accuracy of the recovered elevation map (REM) are described. The analysis includes the error estimation for both height and contour lines, where the accuracy is based on the measurements of deviations from the estimates obtained manually. The experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed technique.