• 천문학회보
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.72.1-72.1
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• 2014

In the Joseon Dynasty, A day divided into 100 gak (刻, approximately a quarter) or 12 Sijin (時辰, double hours) that was composed of half-Sijin as Cho (初, beginnings of double hours) and Jeong (正, mid-points double hours). The timekeeping system was changed from 100 gak to 96 gak with using $sh{\acute{i}}xi{\grave{a}}n$ calendar (時憲曆) in 1654. And then 12 Sijin was changed to the 24-hours system in the same manner as current with the enforcement of the solar calendar (太陽曆) in 1896. We examine the record of the timekeeping system and notation of hours from the astronomical almanacs and official gazettes during 50 years after 1896. The Korean Empire Government first adopted the standard meridian of the Gyeongseong (former name of the Seoul in Korea) in 1908. However the mean solar time was applied to the almanac since 1913. After 1896, the year of enforcement of the solar calendar, the expression of times on a Korean almanac was written with O-jeon (午前, morning) and O-hu (午後, afternoon). The definition of 1day 24-hours system was first stated by the legislation in 1900. The expression of times was used 24 hours without O-jeon and O-hu in 1916. In daily life, the 24-hours system has used in parallel with 12-hours system divided into morning and afternoon even today.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권24호
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• pp.25-48
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• 2011

환상은 역사적인 측면과 공시적 측면을 살펴 볼 때, 크게 경이와 기괴의 두 가지 계열성을 가지며 다양한 의미체계를 가진다. 경이는 고전적인 형이상학체계와 마법담의 전통을 한 축으로 하는 조화롭고 풍부한 환상의 세계이고, 기괴는 근현대의 문제적 의식으로부터 출발하여 부조리와 부정적 진실을 발견하고자 하는 전복적인 환상 세계이다. 만화에서는 매체적 특징상 리얼리티보다 환상을 사용하기가 유리하다. 그러나 환상과 만화의 연관관계가 구체적으로 논의된 바는 드물다. 본 논문은 환상에 대해 기괴와 경이의 계열성으로 이해하는 데서부터 출발하여 기괴와 경이의 다양한 조합을 드러낸 만화작가 유시진의 작품들의 경향을 살펴봄으로써 각 계열의 환상이 만화의 개별 작품의 스타일과 주제의식에 어떻게 영향력을 주고받는지 알아보았다. 작가 유시진은 현대 작가답게 기괴 계열의 감성으로 작품을 시작하였으나 자의식과 관련된 주제를 발전시켜가면서 동시에 견고한 2차세계의 경이계열 환상세계를 구축하고자 노력했다. 그러나 "신명기"에서 환상세계가 작품의 주제를 압도하는 양상을 겪었다. 이후 작품인 "폐쇄자"와 "온"에서는 자의식을 붕괴하고, 새롭게 만들어가는 과정을 혼합된 환상양식을 통해 이루었고, 이러한 터닝 포인트 이후 유시진의 작품은 주제의식과 환상양식에 있어서 보다 일관되게 기괴 계열의 성향을 드러내고 있다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.344.2-344.2
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• 2016

Fully and partially grown hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) on Cu foil, synthesized by chemical vapor deposition method, was studied using Raman and SEM measurements. Fully and partially grown samples were successfully made from borane-ammonia complex to controlling pressure and growth time. The fully grown h-BN and partially grown h-BN exhibits a ~ 1370 cm-1 B-N vibrational mode (E2g). Especially, well-aligned triangular h-BN monolayer was observed on some domain of Cu foil using SEM measurements.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.344.1-344.1
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• 2016

Recently, graphene has shown great characteristic of electrical conductivity, strength, and elasticity. However, due to edge unstable and metallic properties, it is difficult to use as a semiconductor devices. The solution of such problems has been sought a way to use the boron nitride in a stacked layer structure. By graphene and boron nitride stacked layer structure on silicon substrate, the electron mobility is improved and deteriorated results in semiconductor properties. In this study, to make layered structure, we developed direct synthesis method for graphene on boron nitride. By using Raman technique, the directly stacked layer structure is in good agreement with measurements on each of the attributes.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.93-93
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• 2011

Nanostructures consisting of $TiO_2$ particles as a core and carbon as a shell ($TiO_2$@C) were prepared by heat treatment of $TiO_2$ nanoparticles at high temperature in a methane atmosphere. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy showed that a carbon shell layer was formed well. These structures were used as supports for platinum nanoparticles and the hybrid particles exhibit improved catalytic activity and stability toward ORR compared to Pt on a carbon black (Vulcan XC-72R). It is likely that enhanced catalytic properties of the Pt on $TiO_2$@C could be due to the stability of the core-shell support in comparison with carbon black support.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.1268-1271
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• 2003

In the edge detection of RS image, the useful detail losing and the spurious edge often appear. To solve the problem, we use the dyadic wavelet to detect the edge of surface features by combining the edge detecting with the multi-resolution analyzing of the wavelet transform. Via the dyadic wavelet decomposing, we obtain the RS image of a certain appropriate scale, and figure out the edge data of the plane and the upright directions respectively, then work out the grads vector module of the surface features, at last by tracing them we get the edge data of the object therefore build the RS image which obtains the checked edge. This method can depress the effect of noise and examine exactly the edge data of the object by rule and line. With an experiment of a RS image which obtains an airport, we certificate the feasibility of the application of dyadic wavelet in the object edge detection.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.392-400
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• 2019

Chondroitin, the precursor of chondroitin sulfate, which is an important polysaccharide, has drawn significant attention due to its applications in many fields. In the present study, a heterologous biosynthesis pathway of chondroitin was designed in a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) strain C. glutamicum. CgkfoC and CgkfoA genes with host codon preference were synthesized and driven by promoter Ptac, which was confirmed as a strong promoter via GFPuv reporter assessment. In a lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) deficient host, intracellular chondroitin titer increased from 0.25 to 0.88 g/l compared with that in a wild-type host. Moreover, precursor enhancement via overexpressing precursor synthesizing gene ugdA further improved chondroitin titers to 1.09 g/l. Chondroitin production reached 1.91 g/l with the engineered strain C. glutamicum ${\Delta}L-CgCAU$ in a 5-L fed-batch fermentation with a single distribution $M_w$ of 186 kDa. This work provides an alternative, safe and novel means of producing chondroitin for industrial applications.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.272-277
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• 2021

Owing to its low cost, easy fabrication process, and good ionic properties, aqueous supercapacitors are under strong consideration as next-generation energy storage devices. However, the limitation of the current collector is its poor electrochemical stability, leading to low energy storage performance. Therefore, a reasonable design of the current collector and the acidic electrolyte is a necessary, as well as interfacial engineering to enhance the electrochemical performance. In the present study, graphite foil, with excellent electrochemical stability and good electrical properties, is suggested as a current collector of aqueous supercapacitors. This strategy results in excellent electrochemical performance, including a high specific capacitance of 215 F g^-1 at a current density of 0.1 A g^-1, a superior high-rate performance (104 F g^-1 at a current density of 20.0 A g^-1), and a remarkable cycling stability of 98 % at a current density of 10.0 A g^-1 after 9,000 cycles. The superior energy storage performance is mainly ascribed to the improved ionic diffusion ability during cycling.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.337-344
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• 2023

Three-point bending is the main method for measuring the elastic modulus of a thin plate. Although various displacement transducers may be used to measure the bending, these are single-point measurements, and it is difficult to eliminate the error caused by eccentric load and shear force. Error-correction models for the elastic modulus of quartz glass using digital speckle interferometry are proposed for eccentric load and shear force. First, the positional misalignment between maximum deflection and load is analyzed, and the error caused by eccentric load is corrected. Then, the additional displacement caused by shear force at different positions of the quartz glass plate is explored. The effect of shear deformation is also corrected, by measuring two points. Since digital speckle interferometry has the advantage of full-field measurement, it can simultaneously obtain deflection data for multiple points to realize error correction. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate that the proposed model can effectively correct the measurement error of the elastic modulus.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.366-374
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• 2002

수입 한약재의 기원식물에 대한 논란으로 야기된 사회문제 해결의 기초 자료로 제공하고자 본초강목에 수록된 약재의 기원식물을 찾아 Engler 체계에 따라 정리하였다. 1. 본 연구의 자료는 본초강목에서 식물성 약재를 다루고 있는 초부, 곡부, 채부, 과부, 목부 중에서 채부에 수재된 약재 158 품목을 대상으로 하였다. 2 채부에 수재된 158 품목 중 기원식물을 확인한 것은 139 품목으로 이를 Engler 분류체계로 정리한 결과, 8문 10강 6아강 31목 22아목 52과 85속 99종 12변종 2품종 총 113 종류의 식물로 기록되었다. 3. 113 종류의 식물을 문별로 비교해 보면 피자식물문이 전체의 80.70 %(92종류), 균문이 10.53 %(12종류) 홍조식물문이 3.51 %(4종류), 양치식물문이 1.75%(2종류)였으며, 남조식물문, 녹조식물문, 지의식물문, 나자식물문이 각각 0.88 %(1종류)를 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 4. 채부에 수재된 158 품목 중 19 품목은 그 기원을 확인할 수 없었다. 5. 동의보감 탕액편과 방약합편에서 다루는 약재의 품목과 기원식물의 학명을 비교하여 표4에 정리하였다.