• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1312-1317
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• 2012

ZBrush의 ZSphere는 캔버스에 추가가 가능하며, 무엇보다도 움직임이 자유로운 기하학적 오브젝트로서 ZSphere를 기존의 ZSphere에 추가할 수 있다는 점이다. 예를 들어 중간단계의 구형체에서 뽑아내어 팔 같은 것을 생성할 수 있다. 이러한 방식으로 팔다리가 여러 개인 캐릭터를 쉽게 만들어 낼 수 있는 것이다. 본 논문은 ZSphere를 사용하여 하나의 Sphere로부터 여러 개의 Child Sphere를 만들어내고, 이것이 parent sphere가 되어 이를 기준으로 Child Sphere를 연결해 나가는 형식으로 형태를 만들어 가며 3D 캐릭터 형태를 쉽고 빠르게 잡아가도록 모델링 하였다. 3D 오브젝트를 추가하고 회전시키고 움직일 수 있기에 캔퍼스의 Z-depth와 원활한 상호작용이 이루어질 수 있다. 이러한 오브젝트를 스크린에 놓거나 페인팅을 하고 고정된 퍼스펙티브 이미지를 구축하고 Pixols을 스머지하며 3D오브젝트를 변형시키기 위하여 다양한 변형툴과 조각툴을 사용하였다. 완성된 character를 poly로 변환한 다음 Topology를 이용해 빠르게 면을 재구성 하는 방법으로 캐릭터를 설계하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.593-601
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• 2006

Allergic rhinitis is a common disease of childhood characterized by nasal, throat, and ocular itching, rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal congestion. Those affected with allergic rhinitis often suffer from associated inflammatory conditions of the mucosa, such as allergic conjunctivitis, rhinosinusitis, asthma, otitis media with effusion, and other atopic conditions, such as eczema and food allergies. Allergic rhinitis must be diagnosed and treated properly to prevent complications and impaired quality of life. Despite a high prevalence, allergic rhinitis isoften undiagnosed and inadequately treated, especially in the pediatric population. The first step in treatment is environmental control when appropriate. It may be difficult to eliminate all offending allergens effectively to reduce symptoms, so medications are often required. Many different classes of medications are now available, and they have been shown to be effective and safe in a large number of well-designed, clinical trials. Antihistamines are effective in treating immediate symptoms of sneezing, pruritus, watery eyes, and rhinorrhea. Second generation antihistamines are the preferred antihistamines because of their superior side effect profile. Thus, decongestants are commonly used with oral antihistamines. Intranasal corticosteroids are the most effective therapy for allergic rhinitis. Leukotriene modifier may be as effective as antihistamines in treating allergic rhinitis symptoms. Cromolyn sodium is an option for mild disease when used prophylactically, and ipratropium bromide is effective when rhinorrhea is the predominant symptom. When avoidance measures and medications are not effective, specific immunotherapy is an effective alternative. Only immunotherapy results in sustained changes in the immune system. Because of improved understanding of the pathogenesis, new and better therapies may be forthcoming. The effective treatment of allergic rhinitis in children will reduce symptoms and will improve overall health and quality of life, making a happier, healthier child.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2002

Recent results obtained for the port-pom model and the constitutive equations with time-strain separability are examined. The time-strain separability in viscoelastic systems Is not a rule derived from fundamental principles but merely a hypothesis based on experimental phenomena, stress relaxation at long times. The violation of separability in the short-time response just after a step strain is also well understood (Archer, 1999). In constitutive modeling, time-strain separability has been extensively employed because of its theoretical simplicity and practical convenience. Here we present a simple analysis that verifies this hypothesis inevitably incurs mathematical inconsistency in the viewpoint of stability. Employing an asymptotic analysis, we show that both differential and integral constitutive equations based on time-strain separability are either Hadamard-type unstable or dissipative unstable. The conclusion drawn in this study is shown to be applicable to the Doi-Edwards model (with independent alignment approximation). Hence, the Hadamardtype instability of the Doi-Edwards model results from the time-strain separability in its formulation, and its remedy may lie in the transition mechanism from Rouse to reptational relaxation supposed by Doi and Edwards. Recently in order to describe the complex rheological behavior of polymer melts with long side branches like low density polyethylene, new constitutive equations called the port-pom equations have been derived in the integral/differential form and also in the simplifled differential type by McLeish and carson on the basis of the reptation dynamics with simplifled branch structure taken into account. In this study mathematical stability analysis under short and high frequency wave disturbances has been performed for these constitutive equations. It is proved that the differential model is globally Hadamard stable, and the integral model seems stable, as long as the orientation tensor remains positive definite or the smooth strain history in the flow is previously given. However cautious attention has to be paid when one employs the simplified version of the constitutive equations without arm withdrawal, since neglecting the arm withdrawal immediately yields Hadamard instability. In the flow regime of creep shear flow where the applied constant shear stress exceeds the maximum achievable value in the steady flow curves, the constitutive equations exhibit severe instability that the solution possesses strong discontinuity at the moment of change of chain dynamics mechanisms.

• 한국생물정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물정보시스템생물학회 2003년도 제2차 연례학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.277-287
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• 2003

Acetolactate synthase (ALS, EC 4.1.3.18; also referred to as acetohydroxy acid synthase) catalyzes the first common step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine in microorganisms and plants. Recently X-ray structure of yeast ALS was available. Pair-wise alignment of yeast and tobacco ALS sequences revealed 63% sequence similarity. Using Deep View and automatic modeling on Swiss model server, we have generated reliable models of tobacco ALS based on yeast ALS template with a calculated pair-wise RMSD of 0.86 Angstrom. Functional roles of four residues located on the subunit interface (H142, El43, M350, and R376) were examined by site-directed mutagenesis. Seven mutants were generated and purified, of which three mutants (H142T, M350V, and R376F) were found to be inactivated under various assay conditions. The H142k mutant showed moderately altered kinetic properties. The E143A mutant increased 10-fold in K$_m$ value while other parameters remained unchanged. The M350C mutant was strongly resistant to three tested herbicides, while the R376k mutant can bind with herbicide carder at similar affinity to that of wild type enzyme, as determined by tryptophan quenching study. Except M350V mutant, all other mutants were ate to bind with cofactor FAD. Taken together, it is likely that residues H142 and E143 are located at the active site, while residues M350 and R376 are possibly located at the overlapping region of active site and herbicide binding site of the enzyme. Our data also allows us to hypothesize that the interaction between side chains of residues M350 and R376 are probably essential for the correct conformation of the active site. It remains to be elucidated that, whether the herbicide, upon binding with enzyme, inactivates the enzyme by causing change in the active site allosterically, which is unfavorable for catalytic activity.

• 소음진동
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.260-266
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• 1998

수조 내에 잠긴 구조물에 대한 미끄럼 지진응답의 해석시 비선형 모델에 포함되는 유체동적 효과를 계산할 때에 종래의 방법은 수조와 구조물 사이의 초기 간격 조건만으로 계산한 다음, 이를 지진 작용 시간동안 일정한 값으로 가정하여 사용하였다. 이는 지진시 수중구조물의 예상변위가 유체 간격에 비해 아주 작다고 가정하였기 때문이다. 그러나 유체 간격이 비교적 크지 않은 조건에서는 이 방법은 자칫 비보수적인 결과를 초래할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 건물내 수조에 잠긴 구조물에 대한 지진해석의 한가지 예를 통하여 어떠한 경우 얼마나 미끄럼변위를 과소평가 할 수 있는지를 보인다. 그리고, 이러한 경우 최대 미끄럼변위의 예측시 예상되는 과도한 오차를 피하기 위하여는 시간적분을 위한 각 적분 단위시간마다 유체동적 효과를 지속적으로 계산하여 개정하여 주어야 한다는 사실을 확인하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.286-291
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of clothing habits wearing cool or warm in daily life on motor ability. A group of ten healthy young females were divided into a cold (C) group and a warm (W) group. From autumn to winter, C group was advised to wear cool clothing, and W group, warm Clothing. The subject's physical fitness were tested in October, initial stage of the clothing training and March of the following year, final stage of the training. The measurements were taken after the subjects rested in a thermoneutral room conditioned at 23$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$ over 1 hour. The test items were weight, skinfold thickness, grip strength (right, left), back-lift strength, vertical jump, sit-ups, Irosmax, side step test, single-foot standing test with eyes closed, and standing trunk flexion. Changes in motor ability of each group between initial stage and final stage of the training were compared. 1. Muscle strength, part of the motor revelation capacity, showed no significant change in the both ,Troops. On the other hand, strength and power showed a decrease in the both groups and C group showed a sharp decrease. 2. Muscular endurance and cardio-pulmonary fitness, part of the motor continuation capacity, were increased after the training and the degree of increase was great in C group. 3. C group showed significant increase in motor coordination capacity including agility, balance, and flexibility after the training, while Wgroup showed significant increases only in balance. 4. Weight and skinfold thickness as a part of the physique showed no significant change.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 1996

We are often faced with the clinical situations that is inevitably extended SSD for electron beam therapy due to anatomical restriction or applicator structure. But there are some difficulties in accurately predicting output and properties. In electron beam treatment , unlike photon beam the decrease in output for extended SSD does not follow inverse-square law accurately because of a loss of side scatter equilibrium, which is particularly significant for small cone size and low energies. The purpose of our study is to analyze the output in changing with the energy, cone size, air gap beyond the standard SSD and to compare inverse-square law factor derived from calculated effective SSD, mominal SSD with measured output factor. In addition, we have analyzed the change of PDD for several cones with different SSDs which range from 100cm to 120cm with 5cm step and with different energies(6MeV, 9MeV, 12MeV, 16MeV, 20MeV). In accordance with our study, an extended SSD produces a significant change in beam output, negligible change in depth dose which range from 100cm to 120cm SSDs. In order to deliver the more accurate dose to the neoplastic tissue, first of all we recommend inverse-square law using the table of effective SSDs with cone sizes and energies respectively or simply to create a table of extended SSD air gap correction factor. The second we need to have an insight into some change of dose distribution including PPD, penumbra caused by extended SSD for electron beam therapy.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.49-65
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• 2015

It is hard to guarantee the strict synchronization of all the jacking-up points in the integral jacking of a large-span continuous box girder bridge. This paper took the Hengliaojing Bridge as background, which need jacking up as an object with 295m length and more than 10,000tons weight, adopted 3D software to calculate the unsynchronized jacking-up working conditions, and studied the relationships between the unsynchronized vertical difference and the girder's deformation behaviour. The aim is to verify the maximum value of the unsynchronized vertical difference, and guide the construction and ensure safety. The monitoring system with its contents is introduced corresponding to the analysis. The results of the deck relative elevations prove that it is difficult to avoid the deck torsional deformation for jacking different; especially the side span shows more deformations for its smaller stiffness. The maximum difference is smaller than the limited value with acceptable stresses in the sections. The jacking heights of the pier in each construction step are controlled regularly according to the design. The shifting of the whole bridge in longitudinal direction is smaller than in transverse direction. The several beginning steps are the key to adjust their support reactions. This study is one parts of the fundamental research for the code "Technical specification for bridge jacking-up and reposition of China". The whole synchronous jacking project of the main bridge set a world record by the World Record Association for the whole bridge jacking project with the longest span of the world.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2004년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.545-553
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• 2004

자신의 연구성과를 발표하고 평가받는 학회의 이용자인 연구자는 수시로 발생되는 학회 정보 즉, 논문투고 일정, 학술대회 정보, 학회지 발간 정보, 논문 정보, 공지사항, 최신 연구소식 등 일련의 정보를 얻기 위해서 일일이 학회별 홈페이지를 방문하여 공지사항의 정보를 읽거나 또는 논문지의 최신 정보를 검색하고 조회하는 노력을 필요로 한다. 이와 반대로, 학술지를 발행하는 학회는 학회에서 수시로 발생하는 최신 정보를 알리기 위해 학회 회원들에게 메일을 보내거나 학회 홈페이지의 게시판에 공지사항을 기재하는 정도로 만족하고 있는 실정이다. 일반 연구자는 수많은 학회로부터 수시로 발생하는 정보를 한번의 클릭만으로 한눈에 파악할 수 있고, 학회는 한번의 공지를 통해서 학회 정보를 보고자하는 이용자 누구에게나 빠르고 쉽게 전달될 수 있는 체제가 필요한 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 RSS 서비스 사이트의 국내외 현황을 살펴보고, 개인화 추세에 있는 웹 이용자의 개인적 취향을 맞추기 위한 접근 방법으로서 학회정보 개인화 지원을 위한 RSS기반 유통 모델을 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.388-391
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• 2007

Objective : The focus of aneurysm surgery is eliminating unnecessary operative manipulations and preparing the surgeon for any crises that might arise. With this concept in mind, we have tried resection of the gyrus rectus without routine sylvian fissure dissection in selected patients with anterior communicating artery (ACom) aneurysms, and compared these results with those from the conventional transsylvian approach. Methods : This retrospective study included 231 surgically treated patients with ACom aneurysms from March, 1997 to May, 2005. The patients were divided into two groups : Group A (96 with sylvian fissure dissection, March, 1997-December, 2000) and Group B (135 without sylvian fissure dissection, January, 2001-May, 2005). Overall surgical outcomes were compared, and operative times have been prospectively recorded since January, 04 to evaluate how this maneuver affected the length of surgical procedures. Results : All aneurysms were satisfactorily clipped, and there was no evidence of increased number of procedure-related retraction injuries in group B. Overall outcome was good in 186 (80.5%); 76 (79.2%) in group A, and 110 (815%) in group B ($x^2$ test, p=0.79). In good clinical grade of group A, good outcome was observed in 60 patients (89.6%) and in group B, 97 patients (94.2%) (Fisher's exact test, p=0.38) (Fig. 2). Conclusion : In this study, eliminating the step of sylvian fissure dissection by gentle lateral basal-frontal retraction to the side of the sylvian fissure did not increase morbidity and mortality. However, we do not intend to modify the standard approach to the ACom aneurysm that is familiar to and has been mastered by many others. Rather, we report our experience on the basis of our anatomic understanding of the technique and its results.