• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.260-265
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• 2010

Purpose: To report the clinical results of two cases of coronoid process fractures that were treated with volar plating through a medial approach. Materials and Methods: Two fractures of the coronoid process that needed to be fixed were managed with open reduction and internal fixation through a medial approach using 2.4 mm locking compression plates (Compact Hand set$^{(R)}$, Synthes, Switzerland). The patients were followed up for 14 months and 17 months and were evaluated using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). Results: The MEPS was 95 for Case 1 and 100 for Case 2. Active elbow joint motions were $5^{\circ}-120^{\circ}$ (Case 1) and $0^{\circ}-130^{\circ}$ (Case 2). Supination and pronation fully recovered. Conclusion: Satisfactory results can be obtained in cases of coronoid process fractures because volar plating through a medial approach allows sound fixation and early mobilization of the elbow joint.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2009

Purpose: This study evaluated the clinical outcomes of debridement arthroplasty using the posteromedial approach in elbow joints with pain and bony limitation of motion. Materials and Methods: This study involved 16 elbows in 16 patients with pain and bony limitation of motion, which were treated by debridement arthroplasty using the posteromedial approach from March 2005 to March 2008. The mean follow up period was 27.6 (13~52) months. The clinical outcomes were analyzed using the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) for pain scale, the preoperative and postoperative range of motion and the Mayo Elbow Performance Scores(MEPS). Results: The VAS was decreased significantly from a preoperative mean of 4.5 to a postoperative mean 1.1 (p<0.001). The average arc of motion improved significantly from $61.6 (0~90)^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $109.4 (80-120)^{\circ}$ postoperatively (p<0.001). The MEPS also improved significantly from 59.4 to 85.6 postoperatively (p<0.001). There were no complications, such as hematoma and elbow instability. Conclusion: Debridement arthroplasty using the posteromedial approach is a useful surgical procedure in the elbow joint with pain and bony limitation of motion, where all compartments can be debrided, the ulnar nerve can be manipulated easily and damage to the medial collateral ligament can be minimized.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 2010

Purpose: Three phase bone scan was considered sensitive in Patients with Reflex Symphathetic Dystrophy Syndrome (RSDS). Generally, three phase bone scan in the RSDS patients shows increased uptake of one side extremity joint. But three phase bone scan has been performed with flow, blood pool and delayed scan. We performed blood pool half body scan in order to investigate its usefulness. Materials and Methods: From October 2007 to September 2009, three phase bone scan (flow, blood pool, half body blood pool, delayed) was performed after injection of 750 MBq of $^{99m}Tc$-DPD in diagnosed patients with RSDS (M:F=8:7, R:L=9:6). For quantitative analysis, we obtained the count ratios of bilateral hands by drawing a region of interest (ROI) in the three phase images and compared with the count ratios of shoulders in half body blood pool and delayed images. Results: In flow images, right/left ratios were $1.09{\pm}0.53$. In blood pool images, right/left ratios were $1.13{\pm}0.47$ (hand), $1.08{\pm}0.26$ (shoulder). In delayed images, right/left ratios were $1.24{\pm}0.75$ (hand), $1.11{\pm}0.31$ (shoulder). As a result, Log of right/left counts of the others and that of shoulder blood pool image were correlated well with statistical significance (Spearman's R, p<0.005 SPSS for windows ver.12.0). Conclusion: Half body blood pool scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of patients with RSDS. Moreover, Half body blood pool scan reduced false negative and false positive rates. In order to improve agreement on interpretation of RSDS, Blood pool half body scan should be established as common criteria.

• 한국노년학
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.595-609
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of an eight session self-management support program for improvement of patient activation, joint flexibility and health-related quality of life among medical aid beneficiaries with osteoarthritis. This study was part of a randomized and controlled research of a self-management support intervention. Participants were 60 medical aid beneficiaries who agreed to participate in this study, and were assigned to an experimental group (n=30) or control group (n=30). The 8-session and tailored program led by a trained case manager with the patient-centered approaches and cognitive-emotional-behavioral skills. Analysis included change in scores, ${\chi}^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, t-test and ANCOVA. The results showed significant increase in patient activation, joint flexibility (shoulder and right knee) except health-related quality of life in the experimental group compared to the control group. The self-management support program indicated an effect on patient activation and joint flexibility. Further research is needed to examine the outcome in the long term(9 and 12-month follow up).

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.81-90
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effect of occulsal plane balancing therapy on pain control without another therapy. Methods : This clinical study was carried out in 6 cases of patients which had neck and shoulder pain. In this study we treated the patients by balancing therapy of occulsal plane using paper. We measured Visual Analogue Scale(V.A.S.) for pain intensity, Range of Motion(R.O.M.) and difference of thermographic temperature between pain site and the opposite before and 15 minutes after treatment and analyzed the change of variables. Also, we analyzed the correlation among hypomovable site of neck rotaion(HS), pain site(PS) and thick site of paper(TS). Results : 1. The average of skin temperature was decreased from $0.45{\pm}0.11$ to $0.24{\pm}0.13$ significantly(p<0.05). 2. The average of V.A.S was decreased from $10.00{\pm}0.00$ to $3.83{\pm}0.99$ significantly(p<0.05). 3. In the correlation analysis among HS, PS and TS, there is negative correlation between HS and TS, but there was no statistical significance. Conclusions : In the study, the balancing therapy of occulsal plane warrants further investigation in the change of skin temperature and R.O.M. of the joint, pain control.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.121-130
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• 2003

The goal of this study is construction and efficacy evaluation of MPC-25 (Magnetic Pain Control-25), a medical device using magnetic stimulation. MPC-25 consists of a main body containing power supply and control module and a bed containing magnetic core and coil. In distinction from electric pain control medical devices, magnetic pain control system is non-contact, so the patients need not take off their clothes to be treated. High amplitude current pulses are applied to a magnetic coil and induce time varying magnetic field generating eddy current in a conductor like human body. Clinical efficacy test was performed in patients suffering from musculoskeletal pain of lumbar, shoulder and joint. Degree of pain before and after treatment for 30 minutes was compared using Visual Analogous Scale. As a result, 14 cases out of 20 showed decreased pain perception, so the rate of efficacy is 70%. Reduction of pain perception was statistically significant (P=0.001 by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test).

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of eight cases of coronoid process fractures that were fixed with a plate. Materials and Methods: Eight coronoid process fractures were treated by plating and these cases were reviewed retrospectively. Six patients were men and two were women. The average age was 41 years (range: 22-79) at the time of injury. According to Regan's classification, there were five type 2 and three type 3. According to O'Driscoll's classification, there were five anteromedial type and three base type. Open reduction and internal fixation with a plate were performed through a medial approach by splitting of the two heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris. The patients were follow-up for a mean of 15.8 months (range: 6-25). We evaluated the clinical outcomes with using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score. Results: The average active motion of the elbow joint was $120^{\circ}$. The average Mayo Elbow Performance Score was 86.9. There were 5 excellent results, 1 good result and 2 fair results. Summary: Plating through a medial approach of the elbow provided stable fixation and satisfactory union for treating displaced coronoid process fractures with the unstable elbow.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.100-106
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between trochlear medial facet osteophyte (TMFO) and elbow flexion in the elbow joints without trauma history. Materials and Methods: Twenty five patients, who underwent computed tomography without elbow trauma history, were reviewed. Patients were checked for osteophyte or loose bodies in the coronoid and olecranon sides. The height and length of TMFO were measured. Results: The average elbow flexion contracture was $18.6^{\circ}$, and further flexion was $112.1^{\circ}$. The TMFO height and length was 2.2 mm and 4.7 mm, respectively. The average elbow further flexion was $105.1^{\circ}$ in the coronoid block group (n=14) and $119.1^{\circ}$ (p=0.011) in the coronoid free group (n=11). The relationship between further elbow flexion and TMFO was significant with a partial correlation coefficient of 0.687(p<0.000) in the TMFO length. Conclusion: Elbow joints with longer TMFO length decrease further flexion.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.154-163
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• 1995

With the development of anticancer chemotherapy and improved radiographic imaging studies, limb salvage operation became possible in the treatment of malignant and aggressive benign tumors. High grade sarcomas of the shoulder or the upper extremity can be surgically treated with a forequarter amputation, shoulder disarticulation or limb salvage surgery such as Tikhoff-Linberg procedure, segmental resection and replacement with endoprosthesis, segmental resection and replantation, or segmental resection and free vascularized bone graft. Among them the limb salvage surgery showed not only preservation of the remained upper extremity but also the excellent functional results. When comparing amputation and limb salvage operation while performing anticancer chemotherapy in both cases, 5 year survival rate, local recurrence, and distant metastasis did not show much difference. We studied 13 cases of limb salvage for the malignant and aggressive benign bone tumor of the upper extremity from March 1986 to December 1993 at Severance hospital. The summarized results were as follows. 1. There were 21 cases of malignant bone tumors and 5 cases of benign aggressive ones. 2. Of the 26 cases of malignant and benign aggressive bone tumors, limb salvage procedures such as Tikhoff-Linberg operation(8 cases), endoprosthetic replacement(2 cases), segmental resection and replantation(2 cases), and segmental resection and free vascularized fibular graft(l case) were done in 13 cases. 3. In 13 patient on whom the limb salvage procedure was performed, there were 3 osteosarcomas, 4 chondrosarcomas, 3 giant cell tumors, 1 Ewing's sarcoma, 1 leiomyosarcoma and 1 chondroblastoma. 4. In 13 patients, there was no local recurrence nor distant metastasis except one who had a segmental resection of the entire humerus part including glenoid and then postoperative anticancer chemotherapy for the treatment of the Ewing's sarcoma of the entire shaft of the humerus with pathological fracture. Local recurrence occurred 2 years and 6 months postoperatively in this Ewing's sarcoma patient, so forequarter amputation was performed and the irradiation and the anticancer chemontherapy were performed, but multiple bony metastasis developed and died of the disease 22 months after local recurrence. 5. The patients were followed-up for I year to 7 years and 5 months(average 4 years 5 months). 6. In 8 cases in which Tikhoff-Linberg procedure was performed, the function of the hand was almost normal. 7. Segmental resection and endoprosthetic replacement was performed in 2 cases, and the function of the remained upper extremity was good with no evidence of aseptic loosening or nerve palsy. 8. In 1 case of segmental resection and free vascularized fibular graft for the patient of the chon drosarcoma in the humerus, the function of the shoulder, elbow and hand was nearly normal. 9. In I case of leiomyosarcoma which involved both forearm muscles and bone near wrist joint, segmental resection and replantation was performed, and the patient has useful hand function.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.2199-2206
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• 2014

This research, used an contrast agent, which weighs about 1mmol/mL, of twice as much amount of gadolinum, per unit, for the test of magnetic-resonance shoulder arthrography. the reasearch which was carried out from January, of the year 2012 to August of the year 2013. consisted, of target of 41, patients including 20 ones, of whom an original, contrast agent of amount of 0.5mmol/mL, 21, ones of whom, a new, of amount of 1mmol/mL was used on, were the test target, in order to figure out the differences, according to the amount of gadolinum, according to the test results, the SNR of the contrast agent, of amount of 1mmol/mL, which is of high amount of gadolinum, was noticeably higher than the one of amount of 0.5mmol/mL(the percentage of joint space 38.01%, the supraspinous muscle 8.40%, head of humerus 12.78%). and CNR of the contrast agent, of amount of 1mmol/mL, which is of high amount of gadolinum, was higher than the one of amount of 0.5mmol/mL(the percentage of joint space and supraspinous muscle 48.96%, the one of joint space and head of humerus 42.00%). In conclusion, one of the methods of increasing the reducing effect of T1, is to use contrast agent of amount of 1mmol/mL, in order to increase the reducing effect of T1, acquire the visual of high testing quality.