• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.231-240
• /
• 2009

Purpose：The aim of this study was to determine the effect of active sling exercise on shoulder subluxation in hemiplegic patients. Methods：Twenty persons with shoulder subluxation were randomly divided into two groups; the experimental group(10 persons) and the control group(10 persons). Usual physical therapy and occupational therapy were applied in all groups in a day for 4 weeks. Additionally the experimental group was received 30 minutes sling active exercise (flexion, extention, adduction, abduction, intenal rotation, external rotation, horizontal adduction, horizontal abduction) for shoulder joint in a day for 4 weeks. I investigated the therapeutic effect of sling exercise through the Wolf motor function test (WMFT), Quantitative radiographic measurements and range of motion test at pre and post intervention period. Results：The passive range of motion was significantly increased in the experimental group compare with the control group. However, the active range of motion was no statistically significantly difference in both of the experimental and the control group. The level of WMFT was significantly decreased in the experimental group compared with control group. Although, there was no significantly difference the degree of the shoulder subluxation was more decreased in experimental group than control group. Conclusion：Taken together, these results suggest that sling exercise could be beneficial therapeutic method for hemiplegic shoulder. But to generalize it, more study and exercise program might be needed to confirm its availability.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.121-133
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of hand acupressure in relieving shoulder pain among male manufacturing workers. Methods: A nonequivalent control group was employed using a nonsynchronized design. Data were collected from two manufacturing plants located in metropolitan area U. The data were analyzed with a ${\chi}^2$-test and an independent t-test to perform a homogeneity test, and with repeated ANOVA measures to perform an hypothesis test using the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: Hypothesis 1 that "the experimental group provided with hand moxibustion would score lower for low shoulder pain than the control group" was supported (F=306.05, p<.001). Hypothesis 2, that "the experimental group provided with hand moxibustion would have a wider range of motion than the control group" was also supported with increased flexion(F=7.73, p<.001), extension(F=7.89, p=.001), abduction(F=21.23, p<.001), and horizontal abduction(F=20.89, p=.028). Hypothesis 3, that "the experimental group provided with hand moxibustion would score lower for quality of sleep than the control group" was not supported (F=56.10, p=.091). Conclusions: Hand moxibustion is effective in relieving shoulder pain for male manufacturing workers, in relieving low shoulder pain and increasing the range of motion.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.160-168
• /
• 2023

Background: Individuals with scapular winging have a weak serratus anterior (SA) muscle, and to compensate, the pectoralis major (PM) and upper trapezius (UT) muscles excessively activate, which can cause upper extremity dysfunction. This study aimed to compare the effects of isometric horizontal abduction (IHA) on SA, PM, and UT muscle activity, as well as the SA/PM and SA/UT muscle activity ratios during knee push-up plus (KPP) at 90° and 120° of shoulder flexion. Objects: This study aimed to compare the effects of IHA on SA, PM, and UT muscle activity, as well as the SA/PM and SA/UT muscle activity ratios during KPP at 90° and 120° of shoulder flexion. Methods: This study, conducted at a university research laboratory, included 20 individuals with scapular winging. Participants performed KPP with and without IHA at 90° (KPP90) and 120° (KPP120) of shoulder flexion. SA, PM, and UT muscle activity were measured using surface electromyography. Results: PM activity in KPP90 with IHA was significantly lower than KPP90 and in KPP120 was significantly lower than KPP90. UT activity was significantly greater with IHA than without IHA and at 120° than 90° of shoulder flexion. SA/PM muscle activity ratio was significantly higher in KPP90 with IHA than without IHA and in KPP120 than in KPP90. SA/UT muscle activity ratio was significantly lower with IHA than without IHA. Conclusion: KPP90 with IHA and KPP120 are effective exercises to reduce PM activity and increase SA/PM muscle activity ratio. However, applying IHA in KPP90 also reduces SA/UT muscle activity ratio, implying that it would be preferable to apply KPP120 in individuals overusing their UT muscles.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2021

Background: The increase in the activity of the upper trapezius (UT) muscle and decrease in the activity of the serratus anterior (SA) and lower trapezius (LT) muscle produce an abnormal scapulohumeral rhythem. Therefore, the SA is the focus of therapeutic exercise protocols for the rehabilitation. This study aimed to compare the activity of the muscles according to resistance levels during protraction exercise. Methods: Thirteen healthy 20 to 30 years old male and female subjected participated in the study. All subjects performed the scapular protraction exercise with the weights of 0, 5, and 10kg, combined with horizontal shoulder abduction and adduction. The electromyography data of the SA, UT, and pectoralis major (PM) during the exercise were recorded using surface electrodes. The ratios of PM/SA and UT/SA were calculated. Repeated one-way ANOVA was used to determine the statistical significance. Results: There was a significant difference in the muscle activity of the SA and PM (p<.05). Specifically, SA had the highest activity and PM had the lowest activity at an abduction resistance 10kg (p<.01). There was a significant difference in the ratios of UT/SA and PM/SA (p<.05). The ratio of PM/SA was the lowest at the abduction resistance of 10kg (p<.01). Conclusion: According to this study, for the selective activation of the serratus anterior, protraction exercises should be applied as a method of adding resistance to protraction and horizontal abduction.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.181-197
• /
• 2003

The Purpose of this study was to examine the kinematic analysis of the upper-limb motion of wheelchair basketball free throw shooting. Three-dimensional kinematic data were obtained from 8 male wheelchair basketball players performing a successful free throw. Players were divided into three groups, according to their IWBF classification(Group 1: 1 point players, Group 2: 2-2.5point players and Group 3:3.5-4 point players) Wheelchair basketball free throw motions were taken by video camera. The three-dimensional coordinates was processed by DLT. Players from Group 1 and 2 tended to release the ball from a lower height, with greater velocity and release angle. Players from Group 1 showed greater shoulder horizontal adduction and horizontal abduction angle, wrist ulnar flexion and radial flexion angle, and trunk angle. but players from Group 2 appeared lower shoulder abduction. Upper limb angular velocity showed most greatly in hands from Group 1, upperarm from Group 2, and forearm from Group 3.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.9-19
• /
• 2010

Purpose : To identify whether isometric shoulder horizontal extension (ISHE) exercise could sufficiently activate the lumbar multifidus muscle, and to determine appropriate exercise intensity to increase muscle strength. Methods : Twenty healthy volunteers (10 males and 10 females) participated in this study. ISHE exercises on the dominant side were performed with $90^{\circ}$ shoulder abduction held in $90^{\circ}$ elbow flexion so that their arms were in the horizontal plane. Electromyographic (EMG) measurements of multifidus activation were performed in standing and supine positions, and were taken under four strength conditions: 75%, 50% and 25% of maximum shoulder horizontal extension strength, and maximum strength. Results : The EMG activations of both lumbar multifidus increased significantly with ISHE exercises of larger % strength (p<.05). In their multifidus EMG data measured in standing and supine positions, men differed significantly in their 75%, 50% and 25% strength for both sides (p<.05), and women differed significantly in their 75%, 50% and 25% strength on their 5th lumbar vertebrae's left side, but 75% only for their 5th lumbar vertebrae's right side (p<.05). The EMG data of 5th lumbar vertebrae's left and 5th lumbar vertebrae's right sides appeared to differ significantly at all strength levels for men while standing, but only at the 25% level for women in the supine position (p<.05). These findings indicate that ISHE exercises can be considered a beneficial method to enhance the multifidus strength. Conclusion : This study provides useful information for further study in this field.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.11 no.7
• /
• pp.2468-2474
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of taping therapy and passive range of motion exercises for the elderly aged 65 above with shoulder pain and limited of range of motion. This study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected about shoulder pain, range of motion, hand dexterity from 40 of elderly(exp.:20, con.:20) in B city from August to September, 2009. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS Win 12.0. Shoulder pain was significantly decreased. Range of motion which was flexion, extension, abduction, horizontal abduction. and hand dexterity were significantly increased in the taping group and PROM group. Shoulder pain and hand dextrity was non significantly between taping group and PROM group. Range of motion which was extension more increased taping group than PROM group. It was proven that taping therapy and PROM was effective for shoulder pain, articular range of motion and hand dexterity.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.95-105
• /
• 2000

Glenohumeral internal and external rotation with shoulder abducted in the frontal plane often causes impingement of the supraspinatus tendon. whereas similar activity in scapular plane does not cause impingement. The Purpose of this study was to determine if assessment among the three positions as 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees abduction in the sitting position of the scapular plane could be affected the comparison between intemal and external peak torque, total work, average power. In this study, Isokinetic shoulder rotational strength was evaluated in twenty healthy male university students, using the Cybex NORMTM System (CYBEX Division of LUMEX, Inc., Ronkonkoma, New York). Test data was gathered in the plane of the scapular, 30 degrees of horizontal flexion anterior to coronal plane, and the subjects performed the test with the arm 30, 60, and 90degrees abducted in the sitting position. also, test speed was set at deg/sec. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 7.5 for Windows software and mean and standard deviations were calculated. ANOVA was used to analyze the difference of the values in the three test positions. A paired t-test was used of examining the difference in the means peak torque between external and internal rotation. Not any significant difference was found among three abduction positions in scapular plane, even though there was a consistent pattern of greater strength in the abducted position of 60 degrees. Internal relation strength peak torque and total work were greater than those of external rotation in every test positions.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.117-128
• /
• 2012

This study compares the net effect of wearing different shoulder/arm armor systems on garment impediment perception and wearer acceptability. Two independent variables in this study were armor systems and shoulder/ arm movements. There were four armor systems of control garment and arm armor systems A, B, and C as well as five types of arm/shoulder movements, (shoulder flexion, should extension, shoulder abduction, shoulder horizontal flexion, and shoulder horizontal extension). Ten male volunteers wearing size medium battle dress uniform (BDU) with recent relevant military experience participated in this study. The volunteers performed shoulder/arm movements (while wearing each armor treatments) and completed the garment impediment perception as well as wearer acceptability scales. The body areas of neck side, shoulder top, and armscye front showed the highest frequency of reported impediments. Resistance to movement and localized pressure were the most frequently mentioned types of impediment. The armor system B had the most areas of impediment, and was rated as more restrictive than the control garment and armor system A for each movement. For wearer acceptability, no significant differences were found between the control garment and armor system A for all eight items; this indicated that subjects did not perceive a difference between wearing the control garment and armor system A. There was a trend for wearer acceptability to decrease from wearing the control garment to armor systems A to C to B.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of additional isometric contraction of trunk, shoulder, and hip muscles during abdominal crunch exercise on abdominal muscle thickness and to identify the most effective intervention for core muscle activation. Methods : This study was conducted on 22 healthy male adults. Subjects performed three types of crunch exercises (abdominal crunches accompanied by internal and external isometric rotation of the hip, horizontal shoulder adduction and abduction, and rotation of the trunk). The thickness of the transverse abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) were evaluated using ultrasonography. The collected data used one-way repeated ANOVA statistics. Wilcoxon signed-rank test of nonparametric statistics was used for post-test analysis. Results : The IO thickness was significantly lower than general abdominal crunch when shoulder adduction was added (p<.05). The crunch with shoulder abduction, hip external rotation, and ipsilateral trunk rotation was significantly higher than the abdominal crunch (p<.05). The EO thickness was significantly greater in the crunch with hip external rotation than in the abdominal crunch (p<.05). Conclusion : The level of contraction in abdominal muscles appears to vary when isometric contractions of the trunk, shoulder, and hip muscles are added to the abdominal crunch exercise. Therefore, the use of isometric contractions of other joints to selectively induce contraction of the abdominal muscles may be considered.