• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.171-175
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• 2011

In this paper, I have developed a high-speed and high-resolution measuring device in order to check the performance of drycell. The system is developed for the drycell manufacturing plant. Measuring time is one of key factors to inference on the production speed. So the developed system is designed to generate the classified result up to 1200ea/min. In the other words, each product can be classified within 25ms. There have been many studies to estimate both state of charge as well as state of health, such as OCV (Open Circuit Voltage), SC (Short Circuit) and measuring impedance with frequency pulse. But those methods take a few second due to surface discharge. To overcome the phenomenon, I developed the method to engage the reverse current to two electrodes of battery. As a result, I could achieve to measure the indigenous capacity without the problem of surface discharge.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.995-999
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• 2007

We investigated the characteristics of a flux-lock type superconducting fault current limiter(SFCL) considering magnetization characteristic of iron core. The flux-lock type SFCL, like other types of SFCLs using the iron core, undergoes the saturation of the iron core during the initial fault time. Therefore, if the design to prevent the saturation of the iron core is considered, the effective fault current limiting operation can be achieved. Through the analysis for its equivalent circuit including the magnetization characteristic of the iron core, the limiting impedance of the flux-lock type SFCL was drawn. The magnetization currents and the limited currents of SFCL, which were dependent on the winding direction and the turns' ratio between two coils, were investigated from the short circuit experiment. It was confirmed that their experimental results agreed with the analysis ones.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2021

Recently, infrared (IR) and near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were widely used for home medical applications owing to its low output power and wide exposed area for curing. For deep penetration of the light under the skin, multiple LEDs with wavelengths of 700~10,000 nm were located on a flexible printed circuit board. When multiple wavelengths of LEDs were soldered on a circuit board, the lifetime of LED module highly depends on LEDs with a short lifetime. The mean time to failure (MTTF) was able to calculate with the experimental results under high temperature and the Arrhenius model. The results of this study could help companies to approve the warranty of LED modules and its product.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.917-922
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• 2012

In order to improve applicability of a microbial fuel cell the laboratory-scaled study has been performed by adopting an air-cathode MFC system with high concentrated anaerobic slugies in this study. The concentrations of microbes are grouped into three types, Type A (TS 1.7%), Type B (TS 1.1%) and Type C (TS 0.51%). The open circuit voltage $(V_{oc})$ characteristics showed that the medium microbes concentration of 1.10% (Type B) kept a constant voltage of 1.0 V for 150 hours, which showed the longest time among three types (Type A and Type C). The discharge charge curves for a closed circuit with $500 \Omega$ also showed that Type B generated a stable discharge voltage of 0.8 V for a longer time as in the open circuit voltage case. This could be explained by the relatively large amount of the attached microbes. Under the $V_{oc}$condition the COD removal efficiency of Type B was found to be low for a long time, but those of Type A and C were found to be high for a short period of time. Therefore, the suspended microbes could decrease the coulombic efficiency. It was concluded that the high $V_{oc}$ was caused by low COD and the $V_{oc}$ became low after the COD removal. The COD reduction resulted in an unstable and low working voltage. From the polarization characteristics Type A was found to show the highest power density of $193\;mW/m^2$ with a fill factor of 0.127 due to the relatively high remaining COD even after the MFC reaction.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제28권6A호
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• pp.379-385
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 다수의 사용자가 있는 주파수 선택성 페이딩 환경하의 multi-rate CDMA 시스템에서Hopfield 신경망의 시정수를 제어하는 알고리즘을 이용하여 Hopfeld 신경망 기반 다중 사용자 검출기의 국부 최소점 문제를 간단히 해결하고 설계된 검출기의 성능을 병렬 간섭 제거기와 비교 분석하였다 또한 역방향 링크는 부호 길이가 256 칩인 short 스크램블링 부호를 가정하고, short 스크램블링 부호의 주기성을 이용한 간단한 상관계수 예측 알고리즘을 사용하여 주기적인 확산부호간 상관계수 행렬을 계산하고 Hopfield 신경망의 입력으로 사용하여 확산 코드의 주기에 상응하는 연산에 필요한 신경망회로의 복잡도를 1/(64*64) 배로 단순화하였다. 그, 결과 Hopfield 신경망을 이용한 다중 사용자 검출기(HNN-MUD)는 다중 사용자 간섭(MAI)을 효과적으로 제거하여 기존의 검출기에 비해 낮은 비트 오류율을 보였고 근원거리상황(near-far situation)에서도 타 사용자의 전력의 크기에 관계없이 거의 일정한 비트 오류율을 보여, 기존의 검출기 보다 성능이 향상됨을 보였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.85-102
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• 1995

Weld quality of GMA welding processes is closely related to arc stability. Although many researches on arc stability have been performed, real-time estimation of arc stability has not been attempted. For instance, Mita proposed a off-line statistical method in which short circuiting and arcing time, and voltage and current wave forms were sampled to assess arc stability. But this method is not suitable to assess arc stability for GMA welder which employ inverter power source due to its controlled current and voltage wave forms. In this paper, the relationship between are stability and wire feed rate fluctuation is analyzed to propose new criterion for inverter power source. When arc voltage and arc current and arcing time are analyzed, we can assess arc stability only for short circuit transfer mode. When wire feed rate is analyzed, we can estimate arc stability udner the condition of spray transfer mode as well. Hence, the wire feed rate is chosen for monitoring process variable to cover possible metal transfer modes in GMAW. Through this research, it has been identified that arc stability in GMA welding processes is closely related to wire fed rate. When inverter power source is used, conventional statistical method of estimating arc stability, such as Mita index, is no longer valid due to its controlled voltage and current wave forms. Arc stability has been also examined in phase plane diagram.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.72-77
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• 2019

To study the characteristics of AC driven OLED, we fabricated the fluorescent OLEDs and analyzed the electroluminescence characteristics of OLEDs with AC negative voltage. The luminance and the current density of the OLED decreased, and the number and size of the dark spots increased in proportion to the duration time and level of the applied AC negative voltage. The current efficiency of the OLED was improved when high AC negative voltage was applied within a short time. When the AC negative voltage of 10 V was applied for 1 minute, the efficiency was improved by 12.4%. Also, the degradation of luminance and current efficiency due to the duration of light emission was improved in the case of OLED applied for 1 minute with 10 V AC negative voltage. These are expected as a result of the improvement of the leakage current characteristics by eliminating the short-circuit region formed by the defect of the OLED at the AC negative high voltage. As a result, the continuous application of AC negative voltage reduced the luminance and the current density of OLED, but the temporary application of AC negative voltage with the proper time and voltage could improve the efficiency and lifetime of OLED.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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• pp.371-372
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• 2007

The major causes of electrical fire are classified to short circuit fault, overload fault, electric leakage and electric contact failure. The occurrence factor of the fire is electric arc or spark accompanied with electrical faults. Residual Current Protective Device (RCD), that is Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker(ELB) and Molded_case Circuit Breaker (MCB), of high sensitivity type used at low voltage wiring cuts off earth leakage and overload, but the RCD can't cut off electric arc or spark to be a major factor of electrical fire. As the RCDs which are applied low voltage distribution panel are prescribed to rated breaking time about 30[ms] (KS C 4613), the RCDs can't perceive to the periodic electric arc or spark of more short wavelength level. To be improved on such problem, this research development is proposed to a auxiliary control apparatus for RCD trip on electric arc or spark due to electrical fire. Some experimental results of the proposed apparatus is confirmed to the validity of the analytical results.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.246-251
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• 2013

Screen printing is commonly used to form the front/back electrodes in silicon solar cell. But it has caused high resistance and low aspect ratio, resulting in decreased conversion efficiency in solar cell. Recently the plating method has been combined with screen-printed c-Si solar cell to reduce the resistance and improve the aspect ratio. In this paper, we investigated the effect of light induced silver plating with screen-printed c-Si solar cells and compared their electrical properties. All wafers were textured, doped, and coated with anti-reflection layer. The metallization process was carried out with screen-printing, followed by co-fired. Then we performed light induced Ag plating by changing the plating time in the range of 20 sec~5min with/without external light. For comparison, we measured the light I-V characteristics and electrode width by optical microscope. During plating, silver ions fill the porous structure established in rapid silver particle sintering during co-firing step, which results in resistance decrease and efficiency improvement. The plating rate was increased in presence of light lamp, resulting in widening the electrode with and reducing the short-circuit current by shadowing loss. With the optimized plating condition, the conversion efficiency of solar cells was increased by 0.4% due to decreased series resistance. Finally we obtained the short-circuit current of 8.66 A, open-circuit voltage of 0.632 V, fill factor of 78.2%, and efficiency of 17.8% on a silicon solar cell.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 10개의 트랜지스터를 이용한 새로운 저전력 전가산기의 회로를 제안한다. 회로는 six-transistor CMOS XOR 회로를 기본으로 하여 XOR 출력뿐만 아니라 XNOR 출력을 생성하며, 전가산기를 구성하는 트랜지스터의 수를 줄임과 동시에 단락회로를 없앰으로써 저전력 설계에 유리하게 하였다. 실측 회로의 크기 평가를 위해서 0.65 ${\mu}m$ ASIC 공정으로 의해 레이아웃을 하고 HSPICE를 이용해서 시뮬레이션을 하였다. 제안한 가신기의 셀을 이용하여 2bit， 8bit 리플 캐리 가산기를 구성하여 소비 전력, 지연 시간, 상승시간, 하강시간에 대한 시뮬레이션 결과로 제안한 회로를 검증하였다. 25MHz부터 50MHz까지의 클럭을 사용하였다. 8bit 리플 캐리 전가산기로 구현하였을 때의 소모되는 전력을 살펴보면 기존의 transmission function full adder (TFA) 설계보다는 약 70% 정도, 그리고 14개의 transistor (TR14)[4]를 쓰는 설계보다는 약 60% 우수한 특성을 보이고 있다. 또한 신호의 지연시간은 기존의 회로, TFA, TR14 보다 1/2배 정도 짧고, 선호의 상승시간과 하강 시간의 경우는 기존 회로의 2${\sim}$3배 정도 빠르게 나타났다.