• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.83-95
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of skin care salons' decision factors on customer satisfaction and revisit intention during the COVID-19 pandemic. The subjects of this study were 220 women in their 20s to 50s who reside in Seoul and the Gyeonggi-do area and are users of skin care salons. The data was statistically analyzed using SPSS V.25.0 and detailed research results are as follows. For the analysis of this study, frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability verification, independent sample T-Test, one-way analysis of variance, post hoc test, Duncan test, and regression analysis were conducted. First, as a result of examining whether skin care salon decision factors during the pandemic have a positive (+) effect on customer satisfaction, hygienic environment satisfaction and service environment satisfaction, which are sub-factors of customer satisfaction, had a significant effect on professionalism, kind service, and distance, which are sub-factors of decision factors, and are independent variables. Second, as a result of examining whether skin care salon decision factors during the pandemic have a positive (+) effect on revisit intention, decision factors, which are independent variables, including professionalism, kind service, price, and distance showed significant effects on human revisit intention, As for physical revisiting intention, only kind service, distance, and professionalism showed significant effects, while price did not have a significant effect. Third, as a result of examining whether customer satisfaction during the pandemic has a positive (+) effect on revisiting intention, the service environment satisfaction and hygienic environment satisfaction, which were sub-factors of independent variables, showed significant results for human and physical revisit intentions. In this study, service environment and hygienic environment satisfaction were important variables for skin care salon decision factors. Professionalism and kind service were important for human revisit intention. Therefore, overall service environment, hygiene, and safety should be prioritized to increase revisit intention and efforts must be made to retain and improve customer satisfaction

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.1D
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• pp.21-27
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• 2008

To respond to years-long economic decline in the downtown Seoul, it is necessary to lay out a scheme revitalizing downtown economy. It is called Wanavi and Shonavi system. When customers do shopping, it is the "Shonavi" that provides shopping information such as popular shop name, location, and commodity price to walkers in a real-time base. In addition, the walking navigation system called "Wanavi" is designed to provide access information for walking shoppers, the function of which is similar to car navigation system. The "Wanavi" can help walkers find the fastest, comfortable and attractive pedestrian route and public transportation information reaching to the destination in the downtown. In this study, we propose GPA & RFID mixed system as a communication technique to activate "Shonavi" and "Wanavi" system. The "Shonavi" and "Wanavi" system will be one of the ways to revitalize depressed downtown economy in Seoul.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.507-515
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• 2006

This study was to analyse the eating out behaviors of customers who visit a Koran restaurant especially focused on CNR(cold noodle: naengmyun restaurant) and to find out the marketing promotion points. Through the snowball sampling, 423 customers data were surveyed in summer and winter as respects of seasonal variation. The collecting data were analysed descriptive data and statistical different using the Statistical Package for the Social Science(SPSS version 10.0). The results were as follows; The participants of the study were composed of 209 man(49.4%) and 204 woman(50.6%). Most customers were 30's(36.2%), office worker(27.5%) and spend 5,000${\sim}$10,000 won(46.3%) for eating out. The consumer more preferred a specialty restaurant, the reason was to expect better taste(37.1%). In visiting CNR, the customer frequently ordered complement menu(90.1%) with cold noodle, complement menu should be developed periodically. The important factor to visiting CNR was the accessing convenience for the shop and desirable taking time was within 15 minutes. The buckwheat noodle in broth(mulnaengmyun) was the most favorite selecting menu. And the noodle texture was key evaluation factor in all types of cold noodle and the other factor was different according to the types of cold noodle. The visiting frequencies of CNR were not significantly different according to seasonal variation and sociodemographic variable. Above the half of customers visited at CNR with his/her family. This study find out the suggestion that consumer eating concepts about CNR was family eating therefore the cold noodle. specialty restaurant should be create more delight atmosphere and developed menu for families' eating out place.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.185-197
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• 2012

Caffe Bene, one of the most notable coffeehouse chain brands in Republic of Korea, gives us some thought-provoking issues in terms of sustainable success. Despite harsh competition among various coffeehouse brands, Caffe Bene has been accomplished astonishing outcomes in domestic market and now ranked 2^nd place in sales among the global coffeehouse franchise in 2010 and 2011. These achievements were possible mainly because Caffe Bene adopted distinctive shop design, maintained aggressive marketing strategy, developed new menu, and combined the unique Korean culture with ordinary concept of café to make its place attractive. However, since Korean coffeehouse market is getting saturated and consumers are becoming savvy about coffee, Caffe Bene needs to find a new solution to overcome growth stagnation. Besides, many experts pointed out that irrational increase in the number of stores might hurt its business in the aspect of managing distribution channel and providing consistent services. Also, customers of Caffe Bene have shown that it has to complement its critical weaknesses: inferior coffee taste and relatively high price for a cup of coffee. Especially, some people view that the company is shifting its high rental fee, interior cost and PPL marketing cost to consumers by charging high price for coffee. To get over the problems, Caffe Bene is currently using C/S Consumer Management System though experts are questioning about the efficacy because of the conflict between purpose of the system and the headquarters' plan. Present CEO Kim also announced that the company will complete its logistics system in the latter half of 2012 to provide stores with more high quality coffee beans to improve taste of coffee. Thus, in this case, we describe how Caffe Bene succeeded in Korean market and enumerate its key success factors. Also, we specify the long-term goals of Caffe Bene and introduce the current policies and strategies to show how the company is working on to achieve its ultimate goal. By reading and analyzing this business case, students could get useful insights regarding franchise management and think about issues on competing in a saturated market. Also, it would be worthwhile to generate creative solutions for the problems that Caffe Bene is now facing to broaden the practical perspective.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.651-668
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• 2023

This study aims to help companies with efficient investment and marketing strategies by empirically verifying the impact on satisfaction and purchase intention for artificial intelligence-based digital technology supported shopping assistants introduced in e-commerce. Frequency, factor, SEM, and multiple group analysises were conducted using SPSS 26.0 and Amos 26.0. As a result, first, motivated consumer innovativeness elements of AI shopping assistant were derived into a total of four categories: functional, hedonic, rational, and reliable. Second, in the order of hedonic and rational, satisfaction with the AI shopping assistant was significantly affected, and in the order of rational and functional, purchase intention was significantly affected. The satisfaction with the AI shopping assistant did not affect the purchase intention. Third, in the case of hedonic, the AI-preferred group had a more significant effect on satisfaction than the human-preferred group, and in the case of rational, there was no difference by group in purchase intention. Thus, it was found that consumers prefer AI shopping helpers for e-commerce because they can shop reasonably and are functionally convenient. Therefore, when introducing AI shopping assistants, it is essential to include content that can compare and analyze fundamental information, such as product prices, as well as search functions and payment system compatibility that facilitate shopping.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2024

This study investigates consumer awareness and concerns regarding apparel sizing in the realm of online shopping. A survey was conducted with 450 women aged 18-59 who had engaged in online clothing purchases within the past year. It was observed that consumers shop for clothes online an average of 1.6 times per month, with those under 50 shopping more frequently. The importance of size is higher when buying pants than jackets, especially in online shopping compared to offline purchases. Key references guiding online shopping decisions encompassed product sizing codes, customer reviews, and garment dimensions, which were notably favored by consumers with significant concerns. Respondents opted for Korean-style sizing codes for jackets but chose inch-sizing codes for pants. While awareness of height and weight remains high, knowledge of specific body measurements crucial for clothing size design is lacking, suggesting inadequate communication of size information. Respondents prioritized specific areas for jacket and pants fit, yet the lack of comprehensive self-measurements beyond height and weight might present challenges in determining fit based solely on product dimensions. To address this issue, online retailers should display essential garment dimensions and visually suggest clothing sizes according to various body types. These findings provide valuable insights for online retailers to effectively present size information and lay a foundational framework for consumer size education.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.10-20
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• 2024

In recent automated manufacturing systems, compressed air-based pneumatic cylinders have been widely used for basic perpetration including picking up and moving a target object. They are relatively categorized as small machines, but many linear or rotary cylinders play an important role in discrete manufacturing systems. Therefore, sudden operation stop or interruption due to a fault occurrence in pneumatic cylinders leads to a decrease in repair costs and production and even threatens the safety of workers. In this regard, this study proposed a fault detection technique by developing a time-variant deep learning model from multivariate sensor data analysis for estimating a current health state as four levels. In addition, it aims to establish a real-time fault detection system that allows workers to immediately identify and manage the cylinder's status in either an actual shop floor or a remote management situation. To validate and verify the performance of the proposed system, we collected multivariate sensor signals from a rotary cylinder and it was successful in detecting the health state of the pneumatic cylinder with four severity levels. Furthermore, the optimal sensor location and signal type were analyzed through statistical inferences.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.13-21
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• 2024

This study aims to simplify the rebar quantity estimation process during the detailed design stage of buildings by addressing identified issues in the existing rebar quantity estimation process and establishing a BIM-based simplification method. To validate the applicability of the proposed method, it was applied to a case study of 'K' High School, with the results compared to rebar quantities from shop drawings to assess usability in real projects. It showed an error rate of 1.4% for SHD22S and 2.63% for HD10 among the types of rebar used in the case model. SHD22S, used as the main rebar in the columns, exhibited this error due to differences in the calculation method for splice and anchorage lengths. HD10, used as stirrup rebar in the columns, showed errors due to the omission of hook length considerations in the simplified estimation formula. Although these discrepancies resulted in cumulative errors of 10 to 20 meters, the error rates of 1.4% and 2.63% respectively fall within the generally accepted rebar overage rate of 5%, suggesting that this method is sufficiently accurate for quantity estimation during the detailed design stage. This study presents a method for efficiently estimating rebar quantities based on BIM during the detailed design stage. While traditional 2D quantity estimation and BIM-based methods often suffer from inefficiencies due to repetitive tasks and high modeling complexity, the proposed method assumes BIM models at LOD200, which are less complex and automate most of the structural information required for rebar quantity estimation, thereby reducing repetitive tasks. However, to further minimize errors, especially those related to hook and anchorage length calculations, additional research is needed to refine the estimation process and expand its applicability to the entire building's rebar quantity estimation.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.89-114
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• 2012

For as to world, the concern about the environment problem is enhanced than any other time in the past because of being 21 century. And the environment problem is highlighted as the world-wide issue. The time of the environment problem intimidates the alive of the mankind and presence of an earth over the time. It becomes the essentiality not being selection in the personal living or the economical viewpoint now to prepare for the climatic modification. As to the company management, the green growth period which it excludes the environment management considering an environment, cannot carry on the company the continued management comes. That is, in the change center of the management paradigm, there is the environment management. Nearly, the greenhouse gas which the publication industry is the environmental toxic material like all industries is generated. The greenhouse gas is ejected in the process of running the manufacturing process and print shop of the various kinds material used as the raw material of the book. Particularly, the tree felling for getting the material of the paper is known to reach the direct influence on the global warming. This study does according to an object it considers and organizes the environment parameter based on this kind of fact as to the publication industry. And it is determined as the reference which is used as the basic materials preparing the case that carbon exhaust right transaction(CAP and TRADE) drawing are enforced in all industries and is sustainable the management of the publication industry and reduces the environmental risk among the company many risk management elements and plans and enforces the publication related policy that there is a value. In the printing publication industry, this study tried to inquire into elements discharging the environmental pollutant or the greenhouse gas. Additionally, in the printed publication production process, it tried to inquire into the effort for an environment-friendly and necessity at the printing paper and the printers ink, regarded as the element discharging the greenhouse gas all kinds of the printing materials, operation of the print shop and all kinds of the machines and recycle process, and etc. These considerations make these industrial field employees aware of the significance about a conservation and environmental protection. They try to give a help in the subsequent study producing quantitatively each environmental parameter emission of green house gas. This makes the calculation of the relative $CO_2$ output reproached ultimately possible. Meanwhile, in a sense, many research protects and improving an environment in connection with the contents of research at the printing publication industrial field is in progress. There will be the voluntary human face that it has to protect an environment but this can not do by the outside factor according to all kinds of environment related law and regulation. Anyway, because of acting on company management as the factor of oppression, the increase of this environment-related correspondence cost could know that the research that the environment loading relates with a procurement and development, environment management system introduction, quality control standard, including, normalizing including a material, and etc. through the part of the effort to reduce the cost low was actively in progress. As to the green growth era, as follows, this paper prescribed the subject and alternative of the print publication industry. It is surrounded by the firstly new digital environment and the generation of the subject. And secondly the printing industry is caused by the point of time when the green growth leaves by the topic which is largest in the global industry and it increases. The printing publication industry has to prepare the bridgehead for the environment-friendly green growth as the alternative for this resolution with first. The support blown in each industry becomes the obligation not being selection. Prestek in which the print publishing was exposed to spend many energies and which is known as the practice of the sustainable print publishing insisted that it mentioned importance of the green printing through the white pages in 2008 and a company had to be the green growth comprised through the environment-friendly activity. The core management for the sustainable printing publication industry presented from Presstack white pages is compacted to 4 words that it is a remove, reduce, recover, and recycle. Second, positively the digital printing(POD) system should be utilized. In the worldwide print out market, the digital printing area stops at the level of 10% or so but the change over and growth of the market of an analog-to-digital will increase rapidly in the future. As to the CEO Jeff Hayes of the Infoland, the offset print referred to that it of the traditional method got old and infirm with the minor phase of the new printing application like the customer to be wanted publication and the print of the digital method led the market. In conclusion, print publishers have to grasp well the market flow in the situation where a digitalization cannot be generalized and a support cannot avoid. And it keeps pace with the flow of the digital age and the recognition about the effort for the development and environment problem have to be raised. Particularly, the active green strategy is employed for the active green strategy.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.119-138
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• 2016

Since the Industrial Revolution, which made the mass production and mass distribution of standardized goods possible, machine-made (manufactured) products have accounted for the majority of the market. However, in recent years, the phenomenon of purchasing even more expensive handmade products has become a noticeable trend as consumers have started to acknowledge the value of handmade products, such as the craftsman's commitment, belief in their quality and scarcity, and the sense of self-esteem from having them,. Consumer interest in these handmade products has shown explosive growth and has been coupled with the recent development of three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies. Etsy.com is the world's largest online handmade platform. It is no different from any other online platform; it provides an online market where buyers and sellers virtually meet to share information and transact business. However, Etsy.com is different in that shops within this platform only deal with handmade products in a variety of categories, ranging from jewelry to toys. Since its establishment in 2005, despite being limited to handmade products, Etsy.com has enjoyed rapid growth in membership, transaction volume, and revenue. Most recently in April 2015, it raised funds through an initial public offering (IPO) of more than 1.8 billion USD, which demonstrates the huge potential of online handmade platforms. After the success of Etsy.com, various types of online handmade platforms such as Handmade at Amazon, ArtFire, DaWanda, and Craft is ART have emerged and are now competing with each other, at the same time, which has increased the size of the market. According to Deloitte's 2015 holiday survey on which types of gifts the respondents plan to buy during the holiday season, about 16% of U.S. consumers chose "homemade or craft items (e.g., Etsy purchase)," which was the same rate as those for the computer game and shoes categories. This indicates that consumer interests in online handmade platforms will continue to rise in the future. However, this high interest in the market for handmade products and their platforms has not yet led to academic research. Most extant studies have only focused on machine-made products and intelligent services for them. This indicates a lack of studies on handmade products and their intelligent services on virtual platforms. Therefore, this study used signaling theory and prior research on the effects of sellers' characteristics on their performance (e.g., total sales and price premiums) in the buyer-seller relationship to identify the key influencing e-Image factors (e.g., reputation, size, information sharing, and length of relationship). Then, their impacts on the performance of shops within the online handmade platform were empirically examined; the dataset was collected from Etsy.com through the application of web harvesting technology. The results from the structural equation modeling revealed that the reputation, size, and information sharing have significant effects on the total sales, while the reputation and length of relationship influence price premiums. This study extended the online platform research into online handmade platform research by identifying key influencing e-Image factors on within-platform shop's total sales and price premiums based on signaling theory and then performed a statistical investigation. These findings are expected to be a stepping stone for future studies on intelligent online handmade services as well as handmade products themselves. Furthermore, the findings of the study provide online handmade platform operators with practical guidelines on how to implement intelligent online handmade services. They should also help shop managers build their marketing strategies in a more specific and effective manner by suggesting key influencing e-Image factors. The results of this study should contribute to the vitalization of intelligent online handmade services by providing clues on how to maximize within-platform shops' total sales and price premiums.