• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.86-91
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• 1995

Isolation and pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. from mulberry shoot rot and severity of diseases which were known as bacterial blight were examined on four mulberry varieties in Suwon, Kongju and Chuncheon, A symptom of mulberry shoot rot was initiated long brown spot on young leaves and shoots. It was developed into dark brown spot and produced white mycelia and spores on the diseased symptoms. A symptom of bacterial blight showed leaf rolling and water soaking spot and produced bacterial ooze on leaf and shoot However later stage of upper two types of symptom was hardly distinguished. Severities of shoot rot and bacterial blight were 7.5% and 4.4% in Suwon, respectively. Isolation of Fusarium spp. on shoot rot symptoms was highter than that on bacterial blight symptoms, but isolation of Pseudomonas spp. was higher on bacterial blight symptoms. Trends of pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were similar to inoculation works, and isolations of pathogenic Fusarium spp. from center of symptom was higher than that from 30cm of symptom of all samples in three cultivation areas. Disease severities of shoot rot on variety of Kaeryangppong were 13.9%, 15.9% and 17.2% in Suwon, Kongju and Chuncheon, respectively. However variety of Cheongolppong was highly resistant to shoot rot disease in three cultivation areas.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.51-53
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• 2022

In January 2021, unusual outbreak of shoot rot symptoms was observed in young spikenard (Aralia cordata) plants growing in vinyl greenhouses located in Chuncheon and Yanggu, Gangwon Province, Korea. The symptoms initially appeared on young shoots of the plants at or above the soil surface level. Later, the infected shoots wholly rotted and blighted. The incidence of diseased plants in the vinyl greenhouses investigated ranged from 5% to 30%. Eight isolates of Rhizoctonia sp. were obtained from shoot lesions of the diseased plants. All the isolates were identified as Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-1 based on the morphological characteristics and anastomosis test. Three isolates of R. solani AG-2-1 were tested for pathogenicity on young shoots of spikenard plants using artificial inoculation. All the tested isolates induced shoot rot symptoms on the inoculated plants. The symptoms were similar to those observed in spikenard plants from the vinyl greenhouses investigated. This is the first report of R. solani AG-2-1 causing shoot rot in spikenard.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.261-267
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• 2015

During the period from 2013 to 2014, disease occurrences by various pathogens in apple cultivars have been investigated in northern Gyeongbuk province of Korea. Anthracnose, white rot, Alternaria leaf spot, Marssonina blotch, and bacterial shoot blight as major diseases have been observed. Pathogens isolated from the symptomatic plants were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides for anthracnose, Botryosphaeria dothidea for white rot, Alternaria alternata for Alternaria leaf spot, Marssonina mali for Marssonina blotch, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae for bacterial shoot blight. Of all diseases, the bacterial shoot blight has been severely increased in chronically infested fields in Gyeongbuk province.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.259-261
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• 2009

Sclerotinia shoot rot of Grapevine(Vitis labruscana) occurred at Gapyeong and Yeongwol area from 2003 to 2005. Infected plants showed shoot blight at the one-year-old fruit bearing branches. The first visible symptom noticed was wilting and blighting of the branches. The obvious and typical initial symptom is the presence of a cottony, white, dense mat of mycelial growth on the surface of the diseased lesions. The base or stem of the infected young shoots develop a pale brown rotted area, which girdled and killed shoots. In advanced stages of the disease, stems and branches became bleached and eventually died. The isolates collected from diseased grapevine stem were identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum based on the morphological and cultural characteristics. The pathogenicity test revealed that Vitis vinifera(cultivar: Kyoho) was stronger than V. labruscana(cultivar: Campbell early) to the pathogen. This is the first report on sclerotinia shoot rot of grapevine in Korea.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.883-888
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• 2012

The efficacy of cowdung, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA)-biofertilizer, and Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU)-biofungicide, alone or in combination, was evaluated for controlling foot rot disease of lentil. The results exhibited that BINA-biofertilizer and BAU-biofungicide (peat soil-based Rhizobium leguminosarum and black gram bran-based Trichoderma harzianum) are compatible and have combined effects in controlling the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotium rolfsii, which cause the root rot of lentil. Cowdung mixing with soil (at 5 t/ha) during final land preparation and seed coating with BINA-biofertilizer and BAU-biofungicide (at 2.5% of seed weight) before sowing recorded 81.50% field emergence of lentil, which showed up to 19.85% higher field emergence over the control. Post-emergence deaths of plants due to foot rot disease were significantly reduced after combined seed treatment with BINA-biofertilizer and BAU-biofungicide. Among the treatments used, only BAU-biofungicide as the seed treating agent resulted in higher plant stand (84.82%). Use of BINA-biofertilizer and BAU-biofungicide as seed treating biocontrol agents and application of cowdung in the soil as an organic source of nutrient resulted in higher shoot and root lengths, and dry shoot and root weights of lentil. BINA-biofertilizer significantly increased the number of nodules per plant and nodules weight of lentil. Seeds treating with BAU-biofungicide and BINA-biofertilizer and soil amendment with cowdung increased the biomass production of lentil up to 75.56% over the control.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 1982

New shoot growth of Panax ginseng root was investigated comparing with burley and soybean from l0$^{\circ}C$ to 30$^{\circ}C$ under dark. Shoot growth ceased by 12days at 30$^{\circ}C$ and optimum temperature appeared to be 15$^{\circ}C$/20$^{\circ}C$ (15hrs/9 hrs) , and 15$^{\circ}C$/15$^{\circ}C$ for ginseng. Shoot growth seems to be Poor below l0$^{\circ}C$. Temperature for maximum growth 20$^{\circ}C$/20$^{\circ}C$ for barley and 20$^{\circ}C$ /25$^{\circ}C$ for soybean. Barley did not germinate above 25$^{\circ}C$/25$^{\circ}C$, but grow better than soybean below 15$^{\circ}C$/25$^{\circ}C$. Fresh weight of 2 weeks suggesting cessation of water uptake at higher temporal use. Ginseng showed greater root ply s shoot of ginseng was linearly increased at 15$^{\circ}C$ but did not increased at 25$^{\circ}C$ after occurence of die-back of new shoot or root rot above 25$^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.103.2-104
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• 2003

Ginseng (Panax ginseng) is one of the most widely cultivated medicinal herbs in Korea. During 3 or 5 years cultivation of ginseng, yield losses can reach as high as 30-60％ due to numerous diseases in Korea. Among 106 Bacillus strains isolated from various plant internal roots, we selected three promising biocontrol agents by screening against root rot caused by Cylindrocarpon destructan in a greenhouse. Preinoculation of selected isolates to seed or one-year-old root resulted in stimulation of shoot and/or root growth of seedlings, and control of root rot in infested soils with Cylindronrpon destructans (P=0.05). Furthermore, drenching of selected isolates on seedling-growing pots reduced the incidence of Phytophthora blight when the seedlings were challenged with zoospores of Phytophthora cactorum (P=0.05). However, isolates B1141 and B1142 did not show any antifungal activity against various soilborne pathogens while B1146 did in vitro. Our results provide an insight that rhizobacteria can induce resistance against various plant diseases on ginseng even if any resistant breeds have been unknown on ginseng yet.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.591-595
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• 2001

This study was conducted to find out the proper chemicals and doses for controlling the bulb disease of Lilium Oriental hybrids 'Capablanca' and 'Marco Polo' cultivars during storage, and to ascertain any disadvantage of the treatment on shoot growth and flower development. Bulbs of 'Casablanca' and 'Marco Polo' cultivars were dipped in some fungicide solutions, including azoxystrobin, benomyl+thiram, and prochloraz, and culture broth of antagonistic bacteria for one hour. The rot was apparently inhibited by azoxystrobin and prochloraz solution dippings and it was not by benomyl+thiram in bulbs produced domestically. To improve physiological integrity, calcium chloride was treated. However, this treatment had no positive effects on bulb rot of lily. When bulbs were dipped in one-fifth of diluted broth. But the bulb rot was inhibited effectively as compared with untreated during storage. Benomyl+thiram and that with calcium inhibited the sprouting in 'Casablanca' and 'Marco Polo' cultivars during cultivation. Calcium and benomyl+thiram treatments decreased growth of leaf and flower but with no statistically significant difference. Other fungicidal materials treated to bulbs showed no effect on vegetative growth and flower quality.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.63-66
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• 2004

Ginseng (Panax ginseng) is one of the most widely cultivated medicinal herbs in Korea. However, yield losses reached up to 30-60％ due to various diseases during 3 or 5 years of ginseng cultivation in the country. Therefore, successful production of ginseng roots depends primarily on the control of diseases. The objective of this study was to select potential biocontrol agents from rhizobacteria isolated from various plant internal root tissues for the control of multiple ginseng diseases as an alternative to fungicides. Among 106 Bacillus strains, two promising biocontrol agents, Bacillus pumilus strain B1141 and Paenibacillus lentimobus strain B1146, were selected by screening against root rot of ginseng caused by Cylindrocarpon destructans in a greenhouse. Pre-inoculation of selected isolates to seed or l-year-old root of ginseng resulted in stimulation of shoot and/or root growth of seedlings, and successfully controlled root rot caused by C. destructans (P<0.05). Furthermore, drenching of cell suspension of the selected isolates on seedling-growing pots reduced the incidence of Phytophthora blight after the seedlings were challenged with zoospores of Phytophthora cactorum (P<0.05). P. lentimorbus strain B1146 showed antifungal activity against various soil-borne pathogens in vitro, while B. pumilus strain B1141 did not show any. Results of this study suggest that some rhizobacteria can induce resistance against various plant diseases on ginseng.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.101-104
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• 1990

The bacteria isolated from mulberry trees which had shoot soft rot symptoms occurred after intermediate cutting during autumn rearing season were indentified. External morphology of the bacteria showed rod shape with peritrichous flagella, and were facultative anaerobes in oxygen requirement test. The baacteria easily putrefied the slices of potato and carrot when they were placed on to the center of sliced surfaces, and the bacteria, also, iniciated rapid development of soft rot symptoms on mulberry leaves in pathogenesity test. The results of morphological, physiological and pathological tests on the bacteria suggested that the isolate could be a strain of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora.