• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.279-286
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• 2009

This study was carried out to utilize the waste heat from office building for turfgrass culture on a roof garden. Heating system had been installed in the middle of soil profile on the turf areas in the garden plots. The results showed that the installation of heating system increased the shoot density, turfgrass quality, coverage rate, and root length compared with the control plots. The surface temperature of heating plots reached at $10.9^{\circ}C$ when the control plot showed $0^{\circ}C$, however, the soil moisture content was decreased 1.9% by the heating system. When the height of the snow accumulation reached over a 15cm, the it took only 4 days to melt out completely, while the height did not changed those period at the control plots. When the water temperature in boiler increased to $60^{\circ}C$ from a proper temperature of $55^{\circ}C$ in turf growth, the desiccation from leaf tip was started to occur caused by drought stress. More detail research should be followed in stress physiology in turf management in roof garden operation.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.482-487
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• 2009

The apple rootstock M.26 (Malus pumila) is very popular apple rootstock with semi-dwarf habit and the trees on M.26 produce high quality fruit at a young age. Since it is prone to poor prop ability to soil, however, young trees require staking in windy locations. The rolC gene was introduced into M.26 by Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 harboring pBI121 to obtain its transformants with dwarfism and enhanced rooting ability. One regenerated transgenic line was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA for the existence of rolC gene. The characteristics of transgenic line in vitro were not significantly different from non-transgenic line except for the active root formation and lateral root number. The rolC transgenic line showed reduced stem length and increased root number in vitro. Rooting ability was examined in the isolated greenhouse after mound layering. Compared to non-transgenic M.26, rolC transgenic line showed significantly higher rooting ability. The transgenic line did not show any other observable variation in shoot phenotype compared with non-transgenic line excepting increased branching

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2021

Hydroponic cultivation, in which crops are grown without soil and are unaffected by the weather, has many advantages over conventional soil cultivation. The crop's growth can be further accelerated by using nutrient solution in place of water. This study investigated the growth and physicochemical properties of hydroponic barley sprouts under various nutrient solution and artificial light treatments. The shoot, root, and total plant length increased over time, with the fastest growth occurring in the nutrient solution and light-emitting diode (LED) treatments. Fresh and dry plant weights were higher in the fluorescent lamp treatment than in the LED treatment. Barley sprout powder color differed slightly by treatment, with the Hunters L value ranging from 50.79 to 53.77; Hunters a value from -6.70 to -4.42; and Hunters b value from 13.35 to 14.76. The Hunters L and Hunters b values were highest in the LED treatment, whereas the Hunters a value was relatively highest in the fluorescent lamp treatment. The total phenol content was higher in the control than in the nutrient solution treatment; however, the total flavonoid content showed the opposite pattern to that of total phenol content, being highest in plants that were grown in nutrient solution. The Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) was higher in the control group than in the nutrient solution group. The ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was higher in the fluorescent treatment group than in the LED treatment group. The total amino acid composition ranged from 106.82 to 122.63 mg/g dry powder, with the essential amino acid composition ranging from 47.01 to 56.19 mg/g, and non-essential amino acid composition from 67.86 to 77.66 mg/g. The most frequently detected compositional amino acid was aspartic acid, followed by glutamic acid, alanine, leucine, and valine.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.511-519
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• 2020

For camera calibration, a checkerboard is generally used to determine the principal point, focal length, and lens distortions. The checkerboard has a planar and three-dimensional shape, and camera calibration parameters are affected by the size of the checkerboard, the placement of the target, and the number of target points. In this study, the accuracies of the types of checkerboards were compared using checkpoints for stereo camera calibration, and the purpose of this study was to propose the best performance checkerboard. The checkerboard with large flat shape showed comparatively high accuracy through comparison with the check points. However, due to the size of the checkerboard, it was inconvenient to move and rotate, and there was a disadvantage in that it was difficult to shoot so that the target points could all appear in the stereo camera. The checkerboard, which was manufactured in a small size in a flat shape, was easy to move and rotate but had the lowest three-dimensional accuracy. The checkerboard with targets with height values had the hassle of having to determine the three-dimensional coordinates of the target points by using observation equipment for camera calibration, but it was small in size, convenient to move and rotate, and showed the highest three-dimensional accuracy.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.349-355
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• 2021

The effect of night temperature was investigated on mango (Mangifera indica cv. Irwin) for setting appropriate night temperature and managing mango cultivation in a greenhouse. Different night temperatures (10, 15, and 20℃) were treated from budding to fruit development in mango trees. As night temperature increased, the initiation of flowering, full blooming, fruiting, and fruit development tended to be accelerated. There were no significant differences in the growth of shoots flushed after the fruit harvest among trees treated with different night temperatures. The lengths of the flower stalk were the shortest at 10℃ of night temperature; however, there were no significant differences between 15℃ and 20℃ of the night temperature. The length, diameter, and weight of mango fruits were higher at 15℃ and 20℃ than 10℃. Soluble solid contents and acidities showed no difference; the firmness and skin color were better as the night temperature increased. Accordingly, setting the minimum night temperatures to 15℃ or 20℃ can increase the number of fruits and produce high-quality fruits when cultivating mango in the greenhouse. Even the minimum night temperature to 15℃ can reduce heating costs in the greenhouse.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.319-324
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• 2022

The objective of this study was to determine the proper night interruption of photoperiods and dark periods for accumulating bioactive compounds of Agastache rugosa without decreasing plant growth. Five-week-old seedlings were transplanted in a DFT system with white LEDs. A. rugosa was treated with night interruption time treatments of 18:1:2:3, 18:2:2:2, 18:3:2:1 (light:dark:light:dark), and 20:4 (control) for 4 weeks. There were no significant differences except for leaf length, leaf width, and the number of flowers. The content of antioxidants in the shoot of A. rugosa was high in tilianin and acacetin, and the content of rosmarinic acid (RA) was significantly higher in the underground part. The RA content per dry weight of A. rugosa was 47.92 and 51.46% higher than that of the control in 18:1:2:3 and 18:2:2:2, and tilianin and acactin per dry weight were significantly higher in 18:3:2:1. There was no significant difference in growth due to the same day light integral, but 18:2:2:2 showed high total polyphenol contents. Therefore, it is thought that the effect of increasing secondary metabolites of A. rugosa without degradation of growth can be expected through night interruption treatment in plant factory cultivation systems using artificial light.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.188-193
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• 2022

The Korean mint (Agastache rugosa Kuntze) is used as a leaf vegetable. Therefore, it is important to improve the quality and quantity of leaves by maintaining vegetative growth. When the development of a plant is switched from vegetative to reproductive growth, leaf development may be lowered, leading to a decrease in marketability. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of the photoperiod on the flowering characteristics and inflorescence development of the Korean mint to select an appropriate photoperiod for leaf production. The seeds were sown in 105-cell trays on 29 November 2021, and planted in each pot on 27 December 2021, when four main leaves appeared. After planting, the light/dark period was adjusted to 10/14hrs, 12/12hrs, 14/10hrs, 16/8hrs. After 19 days of planting, the first flowering occurred in 10/14hrs, which had a short photoperiod, and the 12/12hrs had 20 days for flowering, and other treatments had 21 days. In addition, it was confirmed that the Korean mint has the characteristics of facultative quantitative short-day plant, through the increase in the development of inflorescences as the light period is shorter than the dark period. As for the growth of Korean mint, the longer the photoperiod, the higher values were shown with leaf length, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, and leaf area of the shoot. Therefore, it is considered that 14 h or more light period is suitable for increasing the productivity of Korean mint as a leafy vegetable.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.159-165
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• 2023

This study measured the ecological niche overlap between two deciduous oak species(Quercus acutissmia and Q. dentata) according to the change in growth responses after treating with the moisture and nutrient contents of the soil at four gradients, and interpreted the degree of competition between the two oak species by ordination method. In the moisture environment gradient, the ecological niche overlap of the two species was high in the photosynthesis-related leaf organs and low in plant architecture such as shoot length. In addition, in case of competition between two oaks, Q. dentata was remarkably dominant in soil moisture gradient, but Q. acutissimia slightly was slightly advantageous over Q. dentata in the soil nutrient gradient. These results show that even in a similar taxonomical group growing in a similar habitat, the response to the organ system of the plant varies depending on the type of environment factor, resulting in different competitive differences among plants.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.217-225
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• 2023

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of microwave irradiation on the growth and secondary metabolite contents of lettuce seedlings. Seedlings at three weeks after sowing were treated by a microwave oven for 0, 4, 8, and 12 seconds with 200 W. After cultivation in a close plant production system for 4 weeks, plant growth measurements and secondary metabolite analysis were performed. The results showed that the fresh and dry weights of the shoot and root, leaf area, leaf length, and the number of leaves were decreased as increasing the microwave treatment times. Chlorophyll a and b, total carotenoids were increased and total phenolics were decreased at the 12-second treatment compared to the 4-second treatment. Total flavonoid contents were decreased at the 8-second treatment compared to the control. These results suggest that the changes in the levels of secondary metabolites were caused by oxidative stress. Although there was no significant difference in secondary metabolite contents excluding total flavonoid contents on the microwave treatments compared to the control, the significant difference suggests that the microwave treatment of 200 W and 2.45 GHz may alter secondary metabolite contents of lettuce after 4 weeks.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.37-37
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• 2021

Calystegia soldanella L. is a perennial herbaceous halophyte belonging to the convolvulaceae family, which mainly grows in coastal sand dunes in Korea. Shoots and rhizomes are edible, and roots called 'Hyoseon Chogeun' are known to have medicinal effects such as antipyretic, sterilization, and diuretic. In addition, physiological activities of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antifungal and PTP-1B (protein tyrosine phosphate-1B) inhibition have been reported. In this study, in vitro induction cell lines of C. soldanella L. collected from the coastal sand dunes in Jeju island was redifferentiated into adventitious roots that can be used as medicinal resources. Also the biomass of mass-proliferated adventitious roots using a bioreactor were evaluated. Plants of C. soldanella L. were collected from the crevice of the seashore in the coastal area of Taeheung 2-ri, Namwon-eup, Seogwipo-si. Then, it was separated into leaves, stems, rhizomes, and roots, and surface sterilized with 70% ethyl alcohol and 2% NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite). After washing with sterilized water, each organ section was cultured in Hormone-free MS medium (Murashige & Skoog Medium). As a result, the induction response rates were evaluated at 85% and 55%, respectively, in terms of callus formation and shoot generation in the rhizome segment. In the case of the adventitious roots morphological characteristics induced by single-use treatment of auxin-based plant growth regulators IBA and NAA from redifferentiated shoots were compared. Most efficient adventitious root culture method as a rooting rate, number, length, and biomass proliferation in the bioreactor system was confirmed when treated by culturing in MS salts, Sucrose 30 g·L^-1, and IBA 1mg·L^-1 for 4 weeks. In this study, the medium composition and culture period were confirmed using a bioreactor system to mass-proliferate adventitious roots derived from C. soldanella L. in Jeju island. Also this adventitious root line developed a new medicinal material could increase value of the bio-industry ingredient through quantitative and qualitative screening of phyto-bioactive compounds.