• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.214-221
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the shipbuilding structure of field tangerine by ten days and by month. By estimating and analyzing the price flexibility function of field tangerines, this study determines whether the shipment control can stabilize and increase the income of field tangerine farmers and provides policy implication. Considering the overall market, a 1% increase in shipment volume indicates that the coefficient of price flexibility varies with ten days and month. The greatest decline is from late October to early January. Therefore, a greater necessity of shipment control is required during late October and early January. The coefficient of the dummy variable (DUM_Q) indicates the year in which the quality declines is statistically significant and sign. The coefficient of the dummy variable (DUM02) represents the year in which more than 7 days after the New Year holidays are in February is statistically significant and sign from early October to late January. Therefore, it can be seen that the necessity of shipment control is more required when New Year holidays are in February. The greatest decline in the coefficient of price flexibility is from October to December. Therefore, a greater necessity of shipment control is required during October and December. The signs of coefficients of DUM01 and DUM_Q dummy variable of the price flexibility function suggest that the need for shipment control is more important when quality is worse than better quality and that the necessity of shipment control is more required when New Year holidays are in February, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.555-561
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• 2019

This study analyzed the shipbuilding structure of House Tangerine over a ten day period and according to the month in Jeju. By estimating and analyzing the price flexibility function of House Tangerine, the aim was to determine if the shipment control can stabilize and increase the incomes of House Tangerine farmers and derive policy implications. The greatest decline in the coefficients of the ten-day price flexibility occurred in the equations from early June to late July. Therefore, the shipment control of House Tangerine is required more during early June and late July. The coefficient of DUM_Q, indicating the year in which the quality of House Tangerine is somewhat deteriorated, was statistically significant and had a (-) sign. The coefficients of DUM_SUK, indicating the year in which Chuseok (Korean Thanksgiving Day) was in October, was statistically significant and had a (-) sign in the middle and late October. The greatest decline in the coefficient of monthly price flexibility function occurred in July, June, and September. Therefore, shipment control is required more in July, June, and September. The (-) signs of the coefficients of DUM_Q and DUM_SUK suggest that the need for shipment control is more important when the quality is less than better quality and that the necessity of shipment control is required more when Chuseok is in October, respectively.

• Korea Trade Review
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.59-74
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• 2022

The exemption clause of recurring shipments refers to the insurer's exemption in Short-term Export Credit Insurance for the additional shipment which was shipped on board while any foregoing shipment was unpaid beyond its due date over 30 days. The recurring shipments are constituted with two factors: the due date of the foregoing shipment and the shipment date of the additional export. The exemption clause of recurring shipments has been eased by extending the grace period for payment up to 60 days from 30 days for the transactions between exporters and importers having the history of payments which were made customarily in delay. This research argues that the current grace period is for the buyers who customarily delay their payments, and that the insurer introduce a grace period for shipment in favor of exporters for the additional shipment which was delayed in on-boarding due to reasons beyond the control of exporters. In consideration of the waiting time and the on-boarding time at ports for container freight, shipments are frequently delayed, which entails those shipments to be indemnified by the exemption clause of recurring shipments. Roll-overs and Blank Sailings also cause the container freight to be delayed in on-boarding. This research is expected to contribute to further development of Short-term Export Credit Insurance in K-SURE.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 한국경영과학회 2006년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.661-664
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• 2006

Under a VMI (Vendor Managed Inventory) system, the vendor holds a certain level of control over not only inbound replenishment decisions on stocking but also outbound re-supply decisions. In this situation, vendor faces a better opportunity to synchronize the inventory and transportation decisions. However, shipment consolidation can reduce transportation expenses, but delivery time about the customer comes to be long and a customer service is fallen. Thus, a stock and transportation decision must consider this correlation. This study look into the relevant literature and suggest about further research direction.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1972

Cultivar Yeollow Special A, the most leading Korean economic leaf tobacco in Korea, were field-cultivated in four different localities of Korea for the period of two years (1970 and 1971) and sprayed at varied levels of 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid (CEPA) for foliar application few days after topping. While no striking difference in leaf yield by weight was obtained among the treatments when compared with control, leaf quality as expressed for shipment price in won tended when compared with control, leaf quality as expressed for shipment price in won tended to improve. The treated leaves with 300 to 900 ppm of CEPA (approximately 140 1/acre of 500 ppm) not only showed yellowing and accelerated maturity to pick 4 to 5 days with practicable optimal level earlier than control, but also speeded up to take nearly with practicable optimal level earlier than control, but also speeded up to take nearly last half of the total time required for the five stages of flue-curing. It is therefore considered that CEPA is as effective maturity-accelerating agent and useful as known for other solanaceous plants showing climacteric stage respiration, and discussions were made about physiological actions of ethylene gas released from CEPA at plant tissues sprayed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.670-676
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the shipbuilding structure of Hallabong Tangorover ten-day and monthly intervals, to determine whether the shipment control can stabilize and increase the income of Hallabong Tangor farmers by estimating and analyzing the price flexibility function of Hallabong, and to derive the policy implication. Looking at the overall market, the 1% increase in shipment volume indicates that the coefficient of price flexibility varies with time. The largest decline is in late December and early January. The dummy variable indicating the year in which the quality drops somewhat is statistically significant from March to May, and the average of them is -0.337%. This implies a greater importance for quality control and shipment control when quality is worse than good quality. The price flexibility, which indicates price changes due to 1% increase in monthly shipment volume of Hallabong Tangor, varies with time. The coefficient of price flexibility was the highest at -0.46 in December, but prices fell slightly due to quality improvement and the increase in special demand of New Year's demand, which was -0.33% in January, -0.261% in February, -0.307% in March, and -0.318% in April. Since then, the amount of storage has been gradually exhausted, and the price flexibility has fallen slightly to -0.243% in May and -0.236% in June. DUM02, which represents the year when more than 7 days after the New Year holidays are in February is from February to June (+). This indicates that the price decrease due to increase in volume is less than that in January when the New Year is in February. This indicates a greater necessity for shipment control when New Year holidays are in January.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2016

The primary purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of bilateral Free Trade Agreements on international trade volume of bulk shipment at the port of Busan in Korea using the Gravity Model. Most recently, the total of 15 Korea's FTAs have been enforced since Korea-Chile FTA in 2004 and more than 50 countries became member of Korea's FTAs. Therefore, aggregated trade volume of Korea's FTA members out of the total trade volume in Korea increased from 25% in 2011 to 67% in 2015. Five Korea's bilateral FTA members are concerned as experimental group while top 10 foreign countries base on trade volume of bulk shipment are applied to the model as control group and panel data was used in this study. According to the results, bilateral FTA, GDP and population have positive impacts on trade volume of bulk shipment at the port of Busan. On the other hand, distance between Korea and its trade partner has negative impact. In examining Hausman test and LR test, the random effect model is statistically more appropriate than the fixed effect model for this study.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.813-825
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• 2019

This paper investigated the effects of a government production and shipment stabilization policy and the improvement plan for vegetables in Korea. In this study, a simulation focused on the changes in farm income for Chinese cabbages & radishes using scenarios. The result shows an increase in farm income according to the government policy. In the short-term, demand and supply are fixed, and the policy effect is positive due to the price support effect of the project. However, for mid- to long-term, the price decreases due to the expansion of supply by business beneficiaries, which is likely to be adversely affected by an unstable supply and demand. This increases the burden of government and local government subsidies. This phenomenon is expected to be amplified as the ratio of production and shipbuilding stabilization programs and items expand. When expanding items and adjusting and setting the percentage of participation in the project, it is desirable to set and operate the appropriate business ratio taking into consideration the demand. To improve the effectiveness of the policy, the following remedies were suggested. First, national supply and demand guidelines should be set up, and the autonomous supply and demand control of the producers should be guided by the different preservation according to the implementation of the supply and demand control obligation. As for detailed equipment, it is necessary to establish the reproduction price for each item, set the base price for each wholesale market, increase the incentive for the producers to participate, and fund a business budget to secure business stability.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1804-1809
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• 2003

In a large-scale chemical plant, there are scheduling problems in inventory and packing process although production process is stabilized. The profit of the plant is restricted by these problems. In order to improve these problems, integrated scheduling model, which is concerned with whole processes from production to shipment, has been developed in this paper. In this model, decision variables are production sequence, silo allocation, amounts of bulk shipment and packing amounts. In case of a real plant, it is hard to solve by deterministic methods because there are too many decision variables to solve. In this paper, genetic algorithm is presented to solve a PVC process scheduling model within an hour with PCs.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.200-209
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• 2006

Load building is an important step to make the delivery supply chain efficient. We present a family of load makeup algorithms using market based control strategy, named LoadMarket, in order to build efficient loads where each load consists of a certain number of finished products having destinations. LoadMarket adopts Clark-Wright algorithm for generating initial endowment for Load Traders who cooperate to minimize either total travel distance or the variance with respect to the travel distances of loads by means of the spot market or double-sided auction market mechanism. The efficiency of the LoadMarket algorithms is illustrated using simulation based experiments.