• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.38-49
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• 2003

Objective: This study is aimed to compare the change of clinical comfort and improvement after auricular acupuncture theraphy and auricular acupuncture theraphy with common acupuncture theraphy(Shinmun HT7) on insomnia in stroke patients. Methods : Clinical study was carried out on 40 stroke patients who was traeted insomnia by auricular acupuncture theraphy and auricular acupuncture theraphy with common acupuncture theraphy(Shinmun HT7) at Kwang-Dong Oriental Medical Hospital. Results: 1. Total sleeping time was increased in auricular acupuncture theraphy and auricular acupuncture theraphy with common acupuncture theraphy(Shinmun HT7). 2. Average delaying time before sleep and Average Awake Times was decreased in auricular acupuncture theraphy and auricular acupuncture theraphy with common acupuncture theraphy(Shinmun HT7). 3. Quality of sleep was improved in auricular acupuncture theraphy and auricular acupuncture theraphy with common acupuncture theraphy(Shinmun HT7). 4. Insomnia Score was increased in auricular acupuncture theraphy and auricular acupuncture theraphy with common acupuncture theraphy(Shinmun HT7). Conclusions : According to the results, both auricular acupuncture theraphy and auricular acupuncture theraphy with common acupuncture theraphy(Shinmun HT7) were effective on insomnia in stroke patient. but, auricular acupuncture theraphy was more effective than auricular acupuncture theraphy with common acupuncture theraphy(Shinmun HT7) in total sleeping time and insomnia score.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.25-38
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• 2006

Objectives : Acupuncture has been widely used in oriental medicine. The aim of this research is to study how does the interaction between reinforcement-reduction by twirling nine and six and subject's cold or heat tendency effect on Heart Rate Variability. Methods : We divided our subjects into 3 groups at random and classified subjects by their cold or heat tendency using questionnaire for cold-heat patternization. Group 1 is acupuncture at shinmun(HT7) reinforcement group, 2 is acupuncture at shinmun(HT7) reduction group, 3 in acupuncture at hapkok(LI4) group. According to their group, we acupunctured. Before and after acupuncture Heart Rate Variability raw data were measured during 5 minutes. LF, HF, LF norm HF norm were calculated. We analyzed these data using 3-way repeated ANOVA, Paired student T-Test. Results : 3-way repeated ANOVA showed significant interaction among LF, each group and subject's cold heat tendency(p<0.05). Paired student T-Test showed significant differences between before and after acupuncture at shinmun(HT7) reinforcement method in cold tendency men and acupuncture at shinmun(HT7) reduction method in heat tendency men(p<0.05). Conclusion : These results suggest that acupuncture at Shinmun(HT7) has an effect on declining sympathetic nerve function and has an effect on stabilizing mind through Interaction between reinforcement-reduction by twirling nine and six and subject's cold or heat tendency. We propose that more prudent care is needed about subject's cold or heat tendency and acupuncture technique of reinforcement-reduction to achieve the most suitable treatment effect.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.17-26
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• 2005

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Shinmun-acupuncture stimulation on the relationship of change in electrocardiopgraphy (ECG). Methods : For this purpose, 11 healthy volunteers were acupunctured at Shinmun acupoint using the reinforcing or reducing by inserting the needle in the same direction as the channel runs or in the opposite direction (迎隨補瀉). Then, we measured and observed the change of standard leads I, II and III in ECG. Results : In lead I , acupuncture treated groups were increased the activity of PR interval and PR segment compared to the control group. In lead II, during the acupuncture treated group by inserting the needle in the opposite direction as the channel runs was increased the activity of T wave duration, and after the acupuncture group by inserting the needle in the same direction as the channel runs was increased the activity of PR interval. In lead III, acupuncture treated groups were increased the activity of ST duration, PR interval and QT interval. Conclusions : These results suggested that Shinmun acupuncture stimulation plays an important role on the activities of ECG.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.165-176
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of mental stress stimulation and acupucnture applied at HT7 point on heart rate variability (HRV) in normal subjects. Methods : Thirty seven healthy volunteers participated in this study. The volunteers were randomly allocated into two groups. Both groups performed a mental arithmetic stress test and stroop color-word test for 10 minute. Then, acupuncture needles were inserted on HT7 for the study group and on non-acupucnture point for the control group. HRV was recorded three times at test time and before and after acupuncture stimulation. Results : After giving mental stress stimulation to both groups, LF and LF!HF ratio were increased and HF was decreased significantly. After giving acupuncture to study group, LF and LF/HF ratio were decreased and HF was increased, but it was not significant. After giving acupuncture to control group, LF and LF/HF ratio were increased and HF was decreased, but it was not significant. Conclusions : This results show that mental arithmetic stress test and stroop color-word test contribute to activation of the sympathetic nervous system Acupuncture at HT7 could be relatively useful to decrease sympathetic activity and balance autonomic nervous system for those who are under stress.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.77-88
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• 2004

Acupuncture has been shown to have therapeutic effects on many mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse in human and animal studies. Maternal separation (MS) is a risk factor in the development of mood-related disorders such as depression. This study investigated the effects of acupuncture during MS by evaluating locomotion as behavioral markers of depression and by observing changes in c-Fos expression in the limbic system (hippocampus, amygdala and cingulate cortex) to elucidate the mechanism of the therapeutic effect. The employed acupoint, Shinmun (HT7), has been clinically used to treat mental disorders. MS for 7 days beginning on postnatal day 14 induced a significant decrease in locomotion, while acupuncture treatment at acupoint HT7 resulted in a significant increase in locomotion. c-Fos immunoreactive cells in area dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus were increased in the MS group, but significantly decreased in the acupuncture group. These findings suggest that acupuncture has an effect on the depression-like disorder caused by MS, possibly by modulating c-Fos expression in DC of the hippocampus.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.260-270
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• 2012

Objectives : Hippocampus, a region of temporal lobe, plays an important role in the pathogenic mechanisms of brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, depression and temporal lobe epilepsy. This research is designed to investigate hippocampal changes after acupuncture stimulation at Shinmun(HT7) using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE). Methods : On postnatal-day 15, rat pups were randomly devided into Normal(NOR) or HT7 group. All of Pups kept with their mothers for 7 days, but pups in HT7 group received acupuncture stimulation at HT7 daily. On postnatal-day 21, hippocampus of each rat pup was dissceted 30 minutes after last acupuncture stimulation and the protein expressions were investigated using 2-DE. Results : After acupuncture stimulation at HT7, expression of 20 proteins were significantly increased. Succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-like, transketolase, aconitate hydratase and phosphoglucomutase-1 were related to glucose methabolism. Eukaryotic initiation factor(eIF) 4A-II, eIF 4A-III, mitochondrial Tu translation elongation factor and chain A of crystal structure of the 70-Kda heat shock cognate protein involve in the protein synthesis in ribosome. Tubulin ${\beta}$-4 chain, tubulin T ${\beta}$-15 and tubulin ${\alpha}$-1B chain comprise cytoskeleton. Glutathione S-transferase(GST) ${\omega}$-1, GST P and GST Yb-3 can reduce oxidative stress. ${\beta}$-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein is required for vesicular transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase plays a major role in lipid biosynthesis, creatine kinase U-type catalyses the conversion of creatine and consumes adenosine triphosphate to create phosphocreatine and adenosine diphosphate. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit alpha and voltage depedent anion-selective channel protein 2 were also increased. Conclusions : The results suggest that acupuncture stimulation at HT7 may enhance glucose and lipid metabolism, protein synthesis, cytoskeletal substance and anti-oxidative stress in hippocampus.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.93-101
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• 2003

Objective: The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of acupuncture at HT7 (Shinmun) on the feeding behavior and hypothalamic neuropeptide Y(NPY) expression in the maternally separated rat pups. Methods: To show the effect of acupuncture, we performed maternal separation(MS) for 7 days beginning on postnatal day 14, and observed body weight, food intake, and NPY immunoreactivity in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of hypothalamus after acupuncturing at HT7, the end of the transverse crease of the ulnar wrist of the forepaw. Results: MS induced a significant decreases in body weight and food intake, while acupuncture treatment at acupoint HT7 showed much more improvement in those evaluations. NPY-immunoreactivity in area PVN were decreased in the MS group, but significantly increased in the HT7 group. Conclusions: These findings suggest that acupuncture has an effect on the feeding disorders caused by MS, possibly by modulating NPY expression in the PVN.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-54
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• 2008

Objective : In this study, we investigated the effects of Sweet Bee Venom(SBV) and Bee Venom(BV) at a acupoint, HT7(Shinmun) on the Heart Rate Variability(HRV) in the healthy man. And we tried to observe how Sweet Bee Venom and Bee Venom affects on the balance of the autonomic nervous system. Methods : We investigated on 22 heathy volunteers consisted of 10 subjects in SBV group and 12 subjects in BV group. Study form was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. 22 subjects of each group were injected SBV and BV at HT7(Shinmun). And we measured HRV by QECG-3:LXC3203 (LAXTHA Inc. Korea) on 7 times : before and after injection per 5minutes during 30minutes. Results : 1. After SBV injection, Mean-RR was significantly high from 0 to 10 minutes, Mean-HRV was significantly low from to 10 minutes, SDNN was significantly high after 25minutes, Complexity was significantly high from 5 to 10 minutes and RMSSD was significantly high from 5 to 10minutes. 2. Complexity of SBV Group significantly decreased from 20 to 25minutes, RMSSD of SBV Group significantly increased from 10 to 15minute and from $20{\sim}25$minutes, SDSD of SBV Group significantly increased from 10 to 15 minute and from $20{\sim}25$minutes compared with that of BV group. 3. After SBV injection, Ln(VLF) was significantly from 25 to 30minutes. Conclusions : The results suggest that SBV in heathy adult man tend to activate the autonomic nervous system compared to BV within normal range.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.177-192
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• 2004

Objectives : This study is designed to investigate the pathology, acupuncture and moxibustion therapy applicable of the dementia through literature of oriental medicine. Results : The findings of this study are as follows ; 1. The cause of dementia is internal damage of seven emotions(七情內傷), deficiency of the kidney essence(腎精不足), retention of dampness in the mental(痰迷心竅). 2. The acupuncture meridians used often for dementia are $Tok-maek(GV),\;Chok-t'aeyang\;Pang-gwang-Ky\check{o}ng(BL),\;Chok-yangm\check{o}yng\;Wi-Ky\check{o}ng(ST),\;Su-gwor\check{u}m\;Shimp'o-Ky\check{o}ng(PC),\;Su-so\check{u}m\;Shim-Ky\check{o}ng(HT)$. 3. The spots on the body suiTable for acupuncture used for therapy of the dementia are 98 points and extra points are 6 points, total therapeutic acupunture points are 104 points. And acupunture points are frequently used Shinmun(神門-HT7, 24), Paek'oe(百會-GV20, 19), Chok-samni(足三里-ST36, 18), Sugu(水溝-GV26, 17), P'ungnyung(豊隆-ST40, 16), Taech'u(大椎-GV14, 14), $Sam\check{u}mgyo(三陰交-SP6,\;14)$, Shimsu(心兪-BL15, 14), $Taen\check{u}ng(大陵-PC7,\;11)$, Nogung(勞宮-PC8, 11), Sosang(少商-LU11, 10), Kansa(間使-PC5, 10), Naegwan(內關-PC6, 10). 4. The acupoints used often on moxibustion are Paek'oe(百會-GV20), Chang-gang(長强-GV1), Taech'u(大椎-GV14), Kansa(間使-PC5). Conclusion : It is recommended that further study of many sided investigations in the future.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.136-145
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial was to examine how acupuncture treatment at Shinmun(HT7) affects the brain activity and the autonomic nervous system(ANS), using electroencephalograms(EEG) and heart rate variability(HRV). Methods : Eighteen healthy volunteers participated in two separate experiments: in each experiment, either real acupuncture(RA) or non-penetrating sham acupuncture(SA) was applied at HT7 in random sequences to each person. The EEG and HRV measurements were conducted simultaneously before and during the acupuncture stimulation for 5 minutes, respectively. Resulting EEG and HRV parameters were compared between RA and SA groups. To assess differences according to the stress levels for participants, subgroup analysis was performed based on the results of the stress response index questionnaire. Results : In the results, acupuncture stimulation at HT7 increased ${\alpha}$ band in EEG. In the HRV analysis, heart rate was decreased significantly but HF and RMS-SD were increased in the RA group, compared with those of the SA group. In the subgroup analysis by stress level, participants in the RA group with high stress exhibited an increased in ${\alpha}$ band in their EEG while the low stress participants showed decrease or little increase in the band. For the SA group, ${\alpha}$ band reported relatively moderate changes in all channels. Conclusions : Our results showed that acupuncture induces changes in brain activation and the ANS. Acupuncture was related to the activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. The brain activities of the participants were different depending on the stress level.