• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.285-291
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• 2005

In this paper, the author proposes a fatigue damage parameter of spot welded joints under proportional loading. The proposed fatigue damage parameter is developed based on von Mises' equivalent stress and local structural stress at the edge of spot weld nugget. The structural stress at the edges of the weld nugget in each sheet is calculated using the forces and moments that are determined by finite element analysis. A structural equivalent stress is then calculated by von Mises' equivalent stress equation. The structural equivalent stresses are correlated to experimental fatigue life of the spot welded joints. The proposed parameter is evaluated with fatigue test data of spot welds subjected to multi axial and tensile-shear loads. Sheppard's parameter and Rupp and co-workers' parameter are also evaluated with the same test data to compare with the author's parameter. This proposed parameter presents a better correlation with experimental fatigue data than those of Sheppard's and Rupp and co-workers' parameter. The proposed parameter should be very effective for durability calculations during the early design phase since coarsely meshed finite element models can be employed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.691-706
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• 2004

The paper presents shear lag parameters for beam-to-column connections in steel box piers. Previous researches have analyzed beam-to-column connections in steel piers using a shear lag parameter ${\eta}_o$ obtained from a simple beam model, which is not based on a reasonable design assumption. Instead, the current paper proposes a cantilever beam model and has proved the effectiveness through theoretical and experimental studies. The paper examines the inaccuracy of the previous researches by estimating the effective width, the width-span length ratio L/b, and the sectional area ratio S of a cantilever beam. Two different shear lag parameters are defined using the cantilever model and the results are compared each other. The first type of shear lag parameter ${\eta}_c$ of a cantilever beam is derived using additional moments from various stress distribution functions while the other shear lag parameter ${\eta}_{eff}$ of a cantilever beam is defined based on the concept of the effective width. An evaluation method for shear lag stresses has been investigated by comparing analytical stresses with test results. Through the study, it could be observed that the shear lag parameter ${\eta}_{eff}$ agrees with ${\eta}_c$ obtained from the $2^{nd}$ order stress distribution function. Also, it could be observed that the shear lag parameter ${\eta}_c$ using the $4^{th}$ order stress distribution function almost converges to the upper bound of test results.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.5-17
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• 2018

In this study, the in-situ stress, strength and stress-strain characteristics with shear parameters (UU, CU, ${\bar{CU}}$) are analytically evaluated and the stability analyses are carried out under loading/unloading conditions. The in-situ stress and the stress-strain behaviour may become different according to input shear parameters in finite element analyses with construction step, Especially, if the internal friction angle in Mohr-Coulomb model is set to zero, the in-situ stress and the stress-strain behaviour might not be properly predicted. The results from CU parameter of total stress analysis have no significant difference with the results from CU of effective stress analysis. Therefore, in the numerical analysis for soft ground, CU parameters can be applied to predict in-situ stress and stress-strain behaviors. In addition, the calculation method was proposed to determine the shear parameter of Mohr-Coulomb model, which is corresponding to the shear strength equivalent to that of in-situ soil.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.73-80
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• 2001

The shear strength of jointed rock is influenced by effective normal stress, joint wall compressive strength, joint roughness and so on. Since joint roughness makes considerable influences on shear strength of jointed rock, many studies tried to get quantitative joint roughness parameter. Until now, Joint Roughness Coefficient, JRC proposed by Barton has been prevalently used as a rock joint roughness parameter In spite of its disadvantages. In this study, a quantification of rock joint roughness is performed using surface roughness parameter, Rs. Proposed method is applied to rock core specimens, field joint surfaces, and JRC profiles. The scale of fluctuation is introduced to extend the suggested method to the large scale field joint surface roughness. Based on the quantification of joint surface roughness, joint shear tests are performed with the portable shear box. The relationship between joint surface roughness and joint shear strength is investigated and finally, a rock joint shear strength equation is derived from these results. The equation has considerable credibility and originality in that it is obtained from laboratory tests and expressed with quantified parameter.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.195-202
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• 1994

In this research, a lot of triaxial test results (CID) are analyzed to study the curvature characteristics of failure envelope of sand and parametric relationship between shear strength and state parameter by Been and Jefferies. In the conventional triaxial tests, correction for the change of sectional area of a sample and for membrane influence is essential especially in order to determine critical state (or steady state) condition more correctly. Based on the test results, a model to express the shear strength of fine sand as a function of density and stress level is presented and curvature characteristics of shear failure envelope and parametric relationship between state parameter and shear strength parameters are evaluated.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.44-50
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• 2018

As a type of bolt with a spherical head, the ball stud is widely used as a part of a ball joint in steering or suspension systems in automobiles. Balls and studs are subjected to heat treatment suitable for each material; in particular, the shear strength of the ball stud must meet the specifications of the production company. This study evaluated the shear strength of joints according to the cooling method of ball studs subject to resistance welding. The shear stress of water cooling was higher than that of air cooling (as-received material). Note, however, th at oil cooling showed lower stress than that of as-received. When judged by standard deviation, mean, and coefficient of variation according to the arithmetic statistics and shape parameter as well as scale parameter, oil cooling is suitable.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.29 no.6 s.237
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• pp.815-821
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• 2005

Biaxial low cycle fatigue test was carried out to predict fatigue life under combined axial-torsional-loading condition which is that of in-phase and out-of-phase for CF8M cast stainless steels. Fatemi-Socie(FS) parameter which is based on critical plane approach is not only one of methods but also the best method that can predict fatigue life under biaxial loading condition. But the result showed that, biaxial fatigue life prediction by using FS parameter with several different parameters for the CF8M cast stainless steels is not conservative but best results. So in this present research, we proposed new fatigue life prediction parameter considering effective shear stress instead of FS parameter which considers the maximum normal stress acting on maximum shear strain and its effectiveness was verified.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.419-430
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• 2021

Investigation on the compressibility and shear strength of compacted loess is of great importance for the design and operation of engineering infrastructures in filling area. In this study, the mechanical behaviors of Yan'an compacted loess are investigated at various dry densities and water contents by conducting one dimensional compression and direct shear tests. And the elastic compressibility, plastic compressibility, yield stress and strength are obtained from the experiments. Results show that when water content increases, plastic compressibility parameter increases, but yield stress decreases. However, the increase of dry density leads to a decrease in plastic compressibility parameter but an increase in yield stress. In addition, elastic compressibility parameter is found to be a constant which is irrelevant to water content and dry density. As for strength, cohesion and internal friction angle is directly proportional to dry density, but inversely proportional to water content. Moreover, the mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests were also performed to observe the pore size distribution and microstructure of the specimens. Finally, by using results of MIP and SEM tests, the compressibility and strength behaviours of Yan'an compacted loess are explained from the perspective of pore-size distribution and microstructure.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.203-211
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• 2013

Shear behavior of joint plane has been investigated considering the magnitude of normal stresses and initial surface roughness. Shear strength of joint plane has been measured by performing the multi-stage shear test in which applied normal stress level has been increased stepwise. Multi-stage shear test within the specified normal stress range has been repeated and two types of strength parameter variation have been observed: type 1 - both cohesion and friction angle decrease, type 2 - cohesion decrease and friction angle increase. Trends of strength parameter variation for the three rock types, gneiss, granite and shale, have been investigated and the influence of initial roughness of joint plane on the sequential shear strength change for the repeated multi-stage shear tests also has been analyzed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.71 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2019

This paper studies application of modified couple stress theory and first order shear deformation theory to magneto-electro-mechanical vibration analysis of three-layered size-dependent curved beam. The curved beam is resting on Pasternak's foundation and is subjected to mechanical, magnetic and electrical loads. Size dependency is accounted by employing a small scale parameter based on modified couple stress theory. The magneto-electro-mechanical preloads are accounted in governing equations to obtain natural frequencies in terms of initial magneto-electro-mechanical loads. The analytical approach is applied to investigate the effect of some important parameters such as opening angle, initial electric and magnetic potentials, small scale parameter, and some geometric dimensionless parameters and direct and shear parameters of elastic foundation on the magneto-electro-elastic vibration responses.