• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.895-904
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 체지방률이 30%이상인 비만 여중생을 대상으로 복합운동집단 (n=20)과 통제집단 (n=20)으로 비교분석하여 12주 복합운동 (유산소운동+저항운동)이 비만 여중생의 운동 전과 후의 렙틴과 인슐린에 미치는 영향을 구명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 자료처리는 SPSS 19.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 각 변인 간에 평균과 표준편차를 산출하여 샤피로-윌크 검정 값을 이용해 정규성을 검정한 후 독립표본 t-검정을 실시하였다. 12주간 복합운동에 따른 전 후 전변인의 차이를 비교하기 위하여 대응표본 t-검정을 이용하였다. 모든 통계적 분석을 위한 유의수준은 ${\alpha}=0.05$로 설정하였다. 본 연구 결과에서 렙틴과 인슐린은 복합운동집단에서 모두 유의하게 감소하였다. 규칙적인 12주 복합운동이 비만 여중생의 렙틴과 인슐린에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 사료된다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.45-56
• /
• 2012

Objective : This study was done to investigate the correlation between general quality of life(QOL) and disease specific QOL of tinnitus patients. Methods : 2009 National health and nutrition survey(NHNS) data were employed for analyzing the mean estimates of total population and tinnitus sub-group patients, and predicting the regression equation of mapping between EQ-5D and disease severity. Baseline statistical analyses and normality tests were done by using Student t-test, Chi-square test, Shapiro-Wilk test and ladder test. Hierarchial regression analyses were performed using related variables and predicted the optimal regression equations. Statistical significance was achieved if the probability was less than 5%. Results : Firstly, the standardized prevalence of tinnitus patient in South Korea was 18.69% and over 90th age-group was relatively higher than other groups. Mean value of domestic QOL measured by EQ-5D was estimated as 0.9486 and QOL of tinnitus subgroup(0.9169) was lower than the non-tinnitus subgroup(0.9559), significantly. Stratified by age and sex, QOLs of all sub-groups with tinnitus were lower than without tinnitus sub-groups significantly. Regression equations from 2009 NHNS data were developed using hierarchial regression analysis which is as follows. $$Y_{EQ-5D}=0.9224-0.0079{\times}T1-0.0261{\times}T2-0.0951{\times}T3+\sum_{i=1}^{n}{\beta}_i{\times}X_i\\{\hspace{95}}(0.0106){\hspace{3}}(0.0037){\hspace{30}}(0.0072){\hspace{30}}(0.0038)$$ ($X_i$=Other explanatory variables except Tinnitus QOL1, 2, 3, ${\beta}$= Regression Coefficient of Model 4) Conclusion : We confirmed the correlation among THI and EQ-5D and HUI-III, and developed the inference for regression equation of EQ-5D.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.547-555
• /
• 2014

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the association between subjective distress symptoms and argon welding among workers in Gyeongnam Province shipyard. Method: 31 argon and 29 non-argon welding workers were selected as study subjects in order to measure concentrations of personal dust, welding fumes and other hazardous materials such as ZnO, Pb, Cr, FeO, MnO, Cu, Ni, $TiO_2$, MgO, NO, $NO_2$, $O_3$, $O_2$, $CO_2$, CO and Ar. An interviewer-administered questionnaire survey was also performed on the same subjects. The items queried were as follows: age, height, weight, working duration, welding time, welding rod amounts used, drinking, smoking, and rate of subjective distress symptoms including headache and other symptoms such as fever, vomiting and nausea, metal fume fever, dizziness, tingling sensations, difficulty in breathing, memory loss, sleep disorders, emotional disturbance, hearing loss, hand tremors, visual impairment, neural abnormality, allergic reaction, runny nose and stuffiness, rhinitis, and suffocation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 18. Data are expressed as the mean ${\pm}SD$. An ${\chi}^2$-test and a normality test using a Shapiro wilk test were performed for the above variables. Logistic regression analysis was also conducted to identify the factors that affect the total score for subjective distress symptoms. Result: An association was shown between welding type (argon or non-argon welding) and the total score for subjective distress symptoms. Among the rate of complaining of subjective distress symptoms, vomiting and nausea, difficulty breathing, and allergic reactions were all significantly higher in the argon welding group. Only the concentration of dust and welding fumes was shown to be distributed normally after natural log transformation. According to logistic regression analysis, the correlations of working duration and welding type (argon or non-argon) between the total score of subjective distress symptoms were found to be statistically significant (p=0.041, p=0.049, respectively). Conclusion: Our results suggest that argon welding could cause subjective distress symptoms in shipyard workers.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제13권12호
• /
• pp.5882-5892
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 단전호흡 프로그램이 혈액투석환자의 스트레스, 수면장애 및 자아존중감에 미치는 효과를 규명하여 간호중재로서의 가능성을 검증하고자 시도하였다. 연구는 비동등성 대조군 전-후 설계의 유사실험연구(quasi-experimental design)로, 대상자는 J도에 소재한 2개 의료기관에서 주 1회 이상 혈액투석을 받고 있는 환자로서, 실험군 18명과 대조군 19명을 편의표집하였다. 실험처지는 단전호흡 프로그램을 1회 60분씩, 주 2회, 12주간 실험군에게 적용한 결과, 단전호흡 프로그램을 실험처치한 실험군에서는 대조군보다 스트레스(t=-2.95, p=.006)와 수면장애(t=-2.13, p=.041) 정도가 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였고, 자아존중감(t=2.44, p=.020) 정도는 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 따라서 단전호흡 프로그램은 만성질환자인 혈액투석환자의 스트레스와 수면장애를 개선할 수 있고, 자아존중감을 향상시킬 수 있는 간호중재로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.329-339
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 시뮬레이션 기반 성인간호 실습교육이 간호대학생의 회복탄력성, 임상수행능력과 간호사역할이행에 미치는 효과를 확인하고자 시행되었다. 단일군 전·후 설계의 유사실험 연구로, 일개 대학의 간호대학생 4학년 52명을 대상으로 자가보고식 설문지를 이용하여 실시하였다. 실험처치로 2017년 1학기에 1회 5시간씩 총 30시간 동안 디브리핑을 포함한 구조화된 성인간호학 시뮬레이션 수업을 적용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 21.0을 이용하여 분석하였고, 대상자의 일반적 특성은 기술적 통계를, 시뮬레이션 교육의 효과 측정을 위해 Shapiro-Wilk test를 실시한 결과 정규성을 만족하여, paired t-test로 분석하였다. 연구결과 성인간호분야 시뮬레이션 교육 후 대상자의 회복탄력성은 교육 전 3.38점에서 교육 후 3.51점으로 유의하게 상승하였고(t=-2.51, p=.016), 임상수행능력도 시뮬레이션 교육 후 3.50점에서 3.75점으로 상승하여 통계적으로 유의하였다(t=-4.18, p<.001). 또한 간호사역할이행도 교육 전 3.48점에서 교육 후 3.63점으로 유의하게 상승하였다(t=-2.89, p=.006). 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 성인간호학 시뮬레이션 교육이 간호대학생의 간호실무영역의 임상수행능력뿐 아니라 회복탄력성과 간호사 역할이행에 효과가 있는 것으로 확인되므로, 향후 신규간호사의 현장 적응을 도와 이직률을 감소시킬 수 있는 교육적 중재로 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.50-58
• /
• 2023

Background: This study was carried out to determine whether non-face-to-face physical therapy would have similar exercise effects to face-to-face physical therapy. Hence, we developed an approach for patients, unable to visit hospitals due to circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic, to conduct physical therapy comfortably at home. Objects: This study aimed to compare the effects of a face-to-face and a non-face-to-face physical therapy treatment on improving a rounded shoulder posture. Methods: The participants with rounded shoulders were randomly divided into a face-toface group (n = 15) and a non-face-to-face group (n = 15), and each group performed exercises for four weeks. The exercise program consisted of the bare hands exercise, Thera-Band exercise, and foam roller exercise. The participants in the face-to-face group came to a designated place to perform their exercises, and those in the non-face-to-face group performed the exercises at their own home using Google Meet (Google). Acromial height, total scapular distance (TSD), shoulder pain and dysfunction index (SPADI), and pectoralis minor thickness were measured. Data analysis was performed using the R Statistical Software (R Core Team), and a normality test was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Results: There were no significant differences between the face-to-face and the non-face-toface groups (p > 0.05). When comparing the differences before and after the exercises, both the face-to-face and the non-face-to-face groups showed significant differences in acromial height, SPADI, and pectoralis minor thickness (p < 0.05), and both groups showed no significant difference in TSD before and after the exercises (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study support the results of previous studies reporting that shoulder stabilization exercise and pectoralis minor stretching training improves round shoulders. In addition, this study revealed that both the face-to-face and the non-face-to-face physical therapy treatments had therapeutic effects.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.485-493
• /
• 2013

PURPOSE. To evaluate the effects of surface treatments on shear bond strength (SBS) between microwave and conventionally sintered zirconia core/veneers. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 96 disc shaped Noritake Alliance zirconia specimens were fabricated using YenaDent CAM unit and were divided in 2 groups with respect to microwave or conventional methods (n=48/group). Surface roughness (Ra) evaluation was made with a profilometer on randomly selected microwave (n=10) and conventionally sintered (n=10) cores. Specimens were then assessed into 4 subgroups according to surface treatments applied (n=12/group). Groups for microwave (M) and conventionally (C) sintered core specimens were as follows; $M_C$,$C_C$: untreated (control group), $M_1,C_1:Al_2O_3$ sandblasting, $M_2,C_2$:liner, $M_3,C_3:Al_2O_3$ sandblasting followed by liner. Veneer ceramic was fired on zirconia cores and specimens were thermocycled (6000 cycles between $5^{\circ}-55^{\circ}C$). All specimens were subjected to SBS test using a universal testing machine at 0.5 mm/min, failure were evaluated under an optical microscope. Data were statistically analyzed using Shapiro Wilk, Levene, Post-hoc Tukey HSD and Student's t tests, Two-Way-Variance- Analysis and One-Way-Variance-Analysis (${\alpha}$=.05). RESULTS. Conventionally sintered specimens ($1.06{\pm}0.32{\mu}m$) showed rougher surfaces compared to microwave sintered ones ($0.76{\pm}0.32{\mu}m$)(P=.046), however, no correlation was found between SBS and surface roughness (r=-0.109, P=.658). The statistical comparison of the shear bond strengths of $C_3$ and $C_1$ group (P=.015); $C_C$ and $M_C$ group (P=.004) and $C_3$ and $M_3$ group presented statistically higher (P=.005) values. While adhesive failure was not seen in any of the groups, cohesive and combined patterns were seen in all groups. CONCLUSION. Based on the results of this in-vitro study, $Al_2O_{3-}$ sandblasting followed by liner application on conventionally sintered zirconia cores may be preferred to enhance bond strength.

• 산업융합연구
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.51-65
• /
• 2024

본 연구는 소뇌성 운동실조증인 사람을 대상으로 반복적인 기본운동 기술 기반 신체활동을 통하여 균형 및 보행 기능의 긍정적인 변화와 지도자의 지도 과정에서의 어려움을 이해하는 것이다. 이를 위해 5명의 소뇌성 운동실조증 성인을 연구대상자로 선정하였고, 이들을 지도한 3명의 지도자가 연구참여자로 참여하였다. 양적 자료 수집을 위하여 연구참여자들의 16주 동안 신체활동 수업 사전 및 사후 평가를 통하여 평균과 표준편차를 살펴보았다. SAS 9.1 통계 프로그램의 샤피로-윌크 검정법으로 수집한 자료의 평균과 표준편차를 산출하였다(p<.05). 질적자료수집 방법으로 Spradley(1980)가 제안한 발전식 연구단계(DSR)의 문화기술적 방법을 채택하였고, Mertens(1990)의 분석법에 따라 수집한 자료를 귀납적으로 분석하였다. 이를 통하여 31개의 개념, 10개의 하위 범주, 4개의 범주를 발견하였다. 그 결과 연구참여자들이 겪는 어려움으로는 지도환경의 미흡, 수요자들의 불만, 지도의 어려움 그리고 동료 비협조 등으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 소뇌성 운동실조증 성인들의 균형 유지뿐만 아니라 그들의 신체활동 지도를 위하여 공공기관뿐만 아니라 바우처를 사용할 수 있는 사설신체활동 기관에도 제도적·법적·정책적 지원이 이루어져야 하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 2012

Purpose: For determining the prognosis of critically injured patients, transporting patients to medical facilities capable of providing proper assessment and management, running rapid assessment and making rapid decisions, and providing aggressive resuscitation is vital. Considering the high mortality and morbidity rates in critically injured patients, various studies have been conducted in efforts to reduce those rates. However, studies related to diagnostic factors for predicting severity in critically injured patients are still lacking. Furthermore, patients showing stable vital signs and alert mental status, who are injured via a severe trauma mechanism, may be at a risk of not receiving rapid assessment and management. Thus, this study investigates diagnostic factors, including physical examination and laboratory results, that may help predict severity in trauma patients injured via a severe trauma mechanism, but showing stable vital signs. Methods: From March 2010 to December 2011, all trauma patients who fit into a diagnostic category that activated a major trauma team in CHA Bundang Medical Center were analyzed retrospectively. The retrospective analysis was based on prospective medical records completed at the time of arrival in the emergency department and on sequential laboratory test results. PASW statistics 18(SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for the statistical analysis. Patients with relatively stable vital signs and alert mental status were selected based on a revised trauma score of more than 7 points. The final diagnosis of major trauma was made based on an injury severity score of greater than 16 points. Diagnostic variables include systolic blood pressure and respiratory rate, glasgow coma scale, initial result from focused abdominal sonography for trauma, and laboratory results from blood tests and urine analyses. To confirm the true significance of the measured values, we applied the Kolmogorov-Smirnov one sample test and the Shapiro-Wilk test. When significance was confirmed, the Student's t-test was used for comparison; when significance was not confirmed, the Mann-Whitney u-test was used. The results of focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST) and factors of urine analysis were analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Variables with statistical significance were selected as prognostics factors, and they were analyzed using a multivariate logistics regression model. Results: A total of 269 patients activated the major trauma team. Excluding 91 patients who scored a revised trauma score of less than 7 points, 178 patients were subdivided by injury severity score to determine the final major trauma patients. Twenty-one(21) patients from 106 major trauma patients and 9 patients from 72 minor trauma patients were also excluded due to missing medical records or untested blood and urine analysis. The investigated variables with p-values less than 0.05 include the glasgow coma scale, respiratory rate, white blood cell count (WBC), serum AST and ALT, serum creatinine, blood in spot urine, and protein in spot urine. These variables could, thus, be prognostic factors in major trauma patients. A multivariate logistics regression analysis on those 8 variables showed the respiratory rate (p=0.034), WBC (p=0.005) and blood in spot urine (p=0.041) to be independent prognostic factors for predicting the clinical course of major trauma patients. Conclusion: In trauma patients injured via a severe trauma mechanism, but showing stable vital signs and alert mental status, the respiratory rate, WBC count and blood in the urine can be used as predictable factors for severity. Using those laboratory results, rapid assessment of major trauma patients may shorten the time to diagnosis and the time for management.

• 아동간호학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 아동간호학회 1997년도 정기총회 및 학술대회
• /
• pp.61-74
• /
• 1997

Endotracheal suctioning is a routine procedure used for clearing secretions from the airway of the intubated infant. This procedure is not without complications. Endotracheal suctioning has been associated with decreases in $PaO_2$, decreases in systemic venous oxygenation, alterations in mean arterial Pressure, disturbances in cardiac rhythm and development of nosocomial pneumonia. So several endotracheal suctioning techniques have been developed to prevent these blown complications. Another method of Endotracheal suctioning eliminates the risk associated with disconnecting the infant from the ventilatior to perform the suctioning procedure. Studies examining closed endotracheal suctioning methods reported that the closed method results in less arterial oxygen saturation, and less systemic venous oxygen desaturation. However those studies have focused on adult patients, and there have been no published studies for newborn infants. The specific purpose of this study is to investigate the two methods and to make a comparison in terms of (1)variations in $SaO_2$, heart rate, and respiration rate appeared before and after the endotracheal suctioning; (2)difference in occurrence of nosocomial infection; (3)difference in recovery time to arrive at pre-suction baseline after suctioning and in nursing time taken for the suctioning. The present study is based on the data obtained from two groups of newborn infants : one group comprises 8 infants with closed suctioning (a total of 304 suctions) among 17 infants treated with ventilator and the other group 9 infants with open method (a total of 629 suctions). The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical program package. As the distribution test on dependent variables with the Skewnesser Shapiro Wilk test showed an asymmetric distribution, the Wilcoxon Matched-pairs Singled- Ranks test was used for the test of variations in $SaO_2$, heart rate, and respiration rate appeared before and after the endotracheal suctioning. The difference in $SaO_2$ recovery time and nursing time was analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U-Test. The difference in physiologic consequences and occurrence of nosocomial infection between the two groups was analyzed with the Fisher's Exact Test. The results of the study are summarized as follows. For the hypothesis 1 (There would be a difference in $SaO_2$, heart rate, and respiration rate before and after suctioning between the two suctioning methods), the difference in $SaO_2$ turns out to be statistically significant (P=0.015), but heart rate and respiration rate do not procedure a notable difference (P=0.630). The hypothesis 2 (There would be a difference in rates at which a complication arises after suctioning between the two groups) does not prove to be statistically valid (P=0.246). For the hypothesis 3(There would be a difference in $SaO_2$ recovery time and nursing time between the two groups), the average $SaO_2$ recovery time after suctioning turned out to have somewhat significant difference (P=0.064), however the difference in nursing time taken for the suctioning was not statistically significant (P=0.610). The analyses indicate that the closed endotracheal suctioning is more efficient as compared with the open method, in maintaining pre-suction baseline $SaO_2$ and a rapid recovery of newborn infants. Based on these results we suggust to apply the closed method to newborn infants in the ventilation treatment. We also suggest to extend the investigation to include the comparison of suction cost taking into account the case in which a complication arises after endotracheal suctioning between the two groups.