• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.817-828
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 몽타주 기법과 음영합성 기법을 이용한, 디자이너(예술가)의 감각을 살린 벡터 기반의 얼굴 생성 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 사진으로부터 얼굴의 특징정보를 추출하여 사람의 얼굴과 유사한 얼굴을 자동으로 생성해 주는 시스템이며, 윤곽선만을 사용하던 기존의 얼굴 생성 시스템과 달리 컬러 기반이며, 음영을 사진으로부터 추출하여 이를 이목구비 이미지와 합성하여 생성하는 방식이다. 따라서 실사형에 좀 더 근접한 얼굴을 생성할 수 있다는 장점을 갖는다. 또, 벡터를 기반으로 하기 때문에 사이즈에 제한 얼이 자유로운 변형이 가능할 뿐만 아니라 디자이너 또는 그림 작가의 느낌을 결과물에 그대로 유지할 수 있도록 한다는 점에서 타 접근방식과의 차별성을 갖는다. 또, 2D 아바타에 자유로운 표정을 적용하는 데에도 쉽게 적용이 가능하다.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2005년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.32 No.2 (1)
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• pp.685-687
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 옷감의 결이 보이는 정도의 자세함을 가지는 옷감의 표면 질감 모델을 제안한다. 촬영한 옷감 이미지에서 "Shape from Shading" 기법을 이용하여 표면의 노말맵과 반사 계수 맵을 추출하고, 이 맵을 짜깁기(tiling)하였을 때 연결자리(Seam)가 보이는 것을 방지하기 위하여 주파수 성분 분석에 의해 맵의 오류 성분을 제거한다. 이 방법을 통하여 다양한 종류의 옷감을 짧은 시간 안에 렌더링 할 수 있게 된다.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.25 No.2 (2)
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• pp.476-478
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 영상의 밝기 정보로부터 물체의 표면 형상을 재구성하는 새로운 접근 방법을 제시한다. 이미지 모델은 기존의 Lambertian surface model에 거리 요소를 포함시켜 보다 현실과 비슷한 제약 조건을 주고, 국지 해(local minima)에 빠지기 쉬운 기존의 iteration 방법을 탈피하기 위해 유전자 알고리즘(genetic algorithm)을 도입한다. 표면의 깊이 정보를 이산여현변환(discrete cosine transform)하고 이 DCT 공간상에서 유전자 알고리즘을 적용함으로써 큰 형상을 먼저 결정한 후 미세한 형상을 찾아내는 계층적인 표면 형상의 재구성이 가능하도록 하였으며 간단한 실험으로 그 타당성을 보인다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.739-744
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• 2023

With the popularization of 5G networks and the development of AI (artificial intelligence) technology, Metaverse, which creates production capacity by combining virtual space and reality, is attracting attention. In this study, we searched for makeup applications with more than 100 million downloads from October 11, 2020 to November 3, 2020 through the Google Play Store. As a result of the search, four applications were found: YouCam Makeup, YouCam Perfect, Beauty Plus, and Sweet Snap. Based on the functions provided by the four applications, we attempted to suggest makeup functions applicable to Zepeto's avatar. Functions for the eyes (eyeliner, eyelashes, mascara, eye shadow, eye shape, eyebrow shape, lenses, double eyelids), functions for the nose (nose shape), functions for the mouth (lipstick, lip shape, smile function) ) Functions corresponding to the facial contour (contour, skin foundation, blusher, shading, highlighter, face painting, theme makeup) and functions corresponding to the body (body adjustment) were proposed. This study is the first in the beauty field to propose a method of applying the functions of the Metaverse platform as the importance of digital platforms is highlighted, and is the first to propose a makeup function applied to the Metaverse so that it can be used as important basic data in the future.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2014

The main objective of this study is to provide an effective algorithm of the transmitted solar radiation calculation through window glazing on a clear day. This algorithm would be used in developing a computer program for fenestration system analysis and shading device design. Various simulation methods have been evaluated to figure out the most accurate and effective procedure in estimation of transmitted solar radiation on a tilted surface on a clear day. Characteristics of simulated results of each step have been scrutinized by comparing them with measured results of the site as well as results from other simulation programs. Generally, the Duffie & Beckman's solar calculation method introducing the HDKR anisotropic model provided the most reliable simulation results. The DOE-2 program usually provided over-estimated simulation results. The estimation of extraterrestrial solar radiation and beam normal radiation were conducted pretty accurately. However, the solar radiation either on horizontal surface or on tilted surface involves complicated factors in estimation. Even though the estimation results were close to the real measured data during summer when solar intensity is getting higher, the estimation provided more error when solar intensities were getting weaker. The convex polygon clipping algorithm with homogeneous coordinates was fastest model in calculation of sunlight to shaded area ratio. It could not be applied because of its shape limitation.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.1096-1101
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• 2004

산업현장에서의 3-D 이미지의 활용은 영화, 애니메이션, 산업 디자인, 의학, 그리고 교육과 공학분야에서 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 90년대부터 두 개의 영상을 이용하여 영상으로부터 깊이 정보를 추출하기 위한 활발한 연구가 진행되기 시작하면서 3-D 정보 획득에 관한 연구가 진행되었다. 3-D 정보를 획득하는 방법으로, Structured Light 기법은 제어할 수 있는 점, 선, 격자, 원모양의 광원을 대상물체에 투사하며, 대상물체에 형성된 실루엣을 시각센서로 3-D 정보를 추출하는 방식이다. 또 다른 Time of flight 방식은 초음파를 이용한 방법과 레이저를 이용한 방법이 있으며, 그 외에도 쌍안비젼, Shape from Shading, Surface from Texture 그리고 Focusing 등의 원리를 이용한 기법이 있다. 이런 방범들은 여러 어려운 점들이 있어 이를 감안하여 손쉽게 3-D 영상 이미지를 얻는 방법으로 3-D 정보를 얻기 위해 본 논문에서는 삼각측량 시스템을 만들어 룩업 테이블을 만든다. 3-D 정보를 가지고 있는 룩업 테이블을 통해 시스템 위에 있는 물체의 이미지 좌표와 대칭을 통해 3-D 정보를 획득하여 영상 이미지를 복원하는 방법을 고찰 연구하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.178-183
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• 1984

This study was conducted to know the influence of plant age and cultural conditions such as plant population density and light intensity under the shading on the leaf shape of panax ginseng. The result obtained were as follows; 1) Leaf length(L)/maximum width(W) was no difference with different age of over 3-over 3year old plant, but that of 1 or 2-yearold was smaller than those of over 3-year old. The values of L/W showed in the order of 2 or 4,3, 1 or 5 leaflet. 2) Ratios of leaflet area to leaf area were 32.0% in leaflet 3, from 209.% to 27.9% in leaflet 2 or 4, and from 6.5% to 7.1% in leaflet 1 or 5. 3) The coefficients of variability for L/W and ratio of leaflet area to leaf area of leaflet 3 were smallest among leaflets. 4) There were significant differences between largest and smallest leaflet 3, leaf areas and ratio of leaflet 3 area to leaf area in same plant. 5) LW and ratio of leaflet 3 area to leaf area were not affected by plant population density. 6) It showed a tendency that the L/W was increased with increasing the light transmittance rate (LTR). The ratio of leaflet 3 area to leaf area of ginseng grown under 20% LTR was not different comparing to that of plant grown under 5% LTR, but it was significantly increased in plant grown at 100% LTR.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1991년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 22-24 Oct. 1991
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• pp.1591-1596
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• 1991

The present paper describes a method of recognizing a polyhedron employing the notion of network constraint analysis. Typical difficulties in three-dimensional object recognition, other than shading, reflection, and hidden line problems, include the case where appearances of an object vary according to observation points and the case where an object to be recognized is occluded by other objects placed in its front, resulting in incomplete information on the object shape. These difficulties can, however, be solved to a large extent, by taking account of certain local constraints defined on a polyhedral shape. The present paper assumes a model-based vision employing an appearance-oriented model of a polyhedron which is provided by placing it at the origin of a large sphere and observing it from various positions on the surface of the sphere. The model is actually represented by the sets of adjacent faces pairs of the polyhedron observed from those positions. Since the shape of a projected face gives constraint to that of its adjacent face, this results in a local constraint relation between these faces. Each projected face of an unknown polyhedron on an acquired image is examined its match with those faces in the model, producing network constraint relations between faces in the image and faces in the model. Taking adjacency of faces into consideration, these network constraint relations are analyzed. And if the analysis finally provides a solution telling existence of one to one match of the faces between the unknown polyhedron and the model, the unknown polyhedron is understood to be one of those memorized models placed in a certain posture. In the performed experiment, a polyhedron was observed from 320 regularly arranged points on a sphere to provide its appearance model and a polyhedron with arbitrarily postured, occluded, or imposed another difficulty was successfully recognized.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2007

The lightshelf system, a horizontal shading and light redirect device, should improve the visual environment by optimal light distributions and intense illumination levels of a interior. This study aims to evaluate the daylighting performance of window integrated lightshelf systems by computer simulations. For the study, the standard office plan is analyzed through the field surveys. And then, the various lightshelf types attached window systems are picked out from existed research results. The max, minimum and average illuminance levels of interiors and illuminance distributions are evaluated by Lightsacpe 3.2 programs based on the installing height, shape type and moving angle of lightshelfs. As results, it is suggested that the optimum lightshelf shapes are the height 1.8m and the width 600mm. Also, in mixed lightshelf, the outside width 600mm, inside width 400 are efficient on indoor daylighting performance.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권5호통권112호
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• pp.69-82
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• 2005

These studies were carried out (1) to investigate the growth characteristics of Sedum album L. in the field, (2) to propose a suitable shallow peen roof system for this plant, and (3) to evaluate plant growth in the proposed system over the long term. The growth characteristics, such as morphological properties, growth habit, shade tolerance, and flowering, were surveyed. In experimental shallow green-roof systems, the effects of drainage type, substrate type, and soil depth on plant growth were investigated. Then drought tolerance was investigated. After planting Sedum album L. in the proposed system survival rate, cover, and resistance to insects, heal and cold were evaluated for about 2 years. The results of these studies are summarized below. 1. In the field, the aboveground part of Sedum album L. did not die back during the winter. Plant height was 4$\sim$7 cm. Roots were distributed to a depth of 5$\sim$7 cm. Sedum album L. is a compact ground-cover plant that spreads vigorously. Shading condition of less than $30\%$ of full sunlight didn't cause any trouble, but shading conditions above $87\%$ made the shape of the shoots and leaves abnormal. The plant bloomed from June to August and had a rather large compound umbel of white, star-shaped flowers. 2. Two systems, a drainage-blend-10 cm soil depth and a reservoir$\cdot$drainage-blend-15 cm soil depth, performed best in terms of cover, fresh weight, and dry weight. The first has an advantage for green roofs because it is lighter than the latter. 3. In drainage-blend-10 m soil depth and modified reservoir · drainage-blend-10 cm soil depth system no plants died for about 4 months after stopping the irrigation. The visual quality of the latter system was above 5 for 4 months and that of the former was under 5 after 2 months. In the field, however, the drought tolerance of Sedum album L. grown in the former would be enough to withstand the dry season. Considering the urban ecosystem and the importance of healthy growth the modified reservoir $\cdot$ drainage-blend-10 cm soil depth system was finally recommended. This system was composed of a 4 cm thick drainage layer and drain outlets placed at a height of 2.5 cm. 4. In the proposed system, the survival rate was $100\%$, and there was no injury induced by insects and heat. The leaf density decreased a little in winter. Cover increased throughout the year. Sedum album L. was planted with a cover of 72$cm^{2}$ on 3 April 2003; on 16 June 2003 and 15 June 2004, cover was $132.66\pm$5.87 $cm^{2}$(1.8 times) and $886.98\pm$63.51 $cm^{2}$(12.3 times), respectively.