• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.124-131
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• 2013

Extraction and representation of postures and/or gestures from human activities in videos have been a focus of research in this area of action recognition. With various applications cropping up from different fields, this paper seeks to improve the performance of these action recognition machines by proposing a shape-based silhouette-edge descriptor for the human body. Information entropy, a method to measure the randomness of a sequence of symbols, is used to aid the selection of vital key postures from video frames. Morphological operations are applied to extract and stack edges to uniquely represent different actions shape-wise. To classify an action from a new input video, a Hausdorff distance measure is applied between the gallery representations and the query images formed from the proposed procedure. The method is tested on known public databases for its validation. An effective method of human action annotation and description has been effectively achieved.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.181-194
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• 2014

A major problem with high-mast light poles is the effects that wind vortex shedding can have on the pole itself because of the lock-in phenomenon. It is desired that the coefficients in the AASHTO Standard Specifications ($5^{th}$ edition) for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaries, and Traffic Signals be analyzed and refined. This is for the belief that the span of the shapes of poles for which the coefficients are used is much too broad and a specific coefficient for each different shape is desired. The primary objective of this study is to develop wind vortex shedding coefficient for a multisided shape. To do that, an octagonal shape was used as the main focus since octagonal cross sectioned high-mast light poles are one of the most common shapes in service. For the needed data, many wind parameters, such as the static drag coefficient, the slope of aerodynamic lift coefficient, Strouhal number, the lock-in range of wind velocities producing vibrations, and variation of amplitude of vortex-induced vibration with Scruton number are needed. From wind tunnel experiments, aerodynamic parameters were obtained for an octagonal shape structure. Even though aerodynamic coefficients are known from past test results, they need to be refined by conducting further wind tunnel tests.

• Architectural research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2000

A bubble diagram is understood as a graphic medium which bridges program and plan in architectural design process. The role of a bubble diagram is either to generate or to explain a plan in relation to its program. Despite the explicit role of a bubble diagram in architectural design process, what a bubble diagram indicates exactly is very ambiguous. Here I attempt to reveal the nature of the bubble diagram more sharply. My main argument is that the ambiguity of a bubble diagram results from the fact that it is used to range two different types of representational formats. Reviewing the theories of shape recognition and shape representations in vision science, I will also argue that the procedural description of architectural design process should be criticized and that the focus of design method research has to be shifted into the representational format of form description in architectural design process.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.429-437
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• 2019

Temperature adaptability is an important metric for evaluating the performance of an optical system. The temperature characteristics of the optical system are closely related to the material and shape of its lens. In this paper, we establish a mathematical model relating the temperature characteristics to the shape and material of the lens. Then a novel assembly structure that can solve the lens constraint and positioning problem is proposed. From those basics, the correctness of the theoretical model and the effectiveness of the assembly structure are verified through simulated analysis of the imaging quality of the optical system, whose operating temperature range is $-60{\sim}100^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.156-163
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• 2009

Retail space itself could be one of the marketing strategies, through creating space, and communicating brand identity. Especially for innovative products, such as mobile technology products, store is not just to sell products but to provide experiences so that users can fudge usefulness of products and reduce uncertainties to adopt the products. The purpose of this study is to investigate how environmental features and physical artifacts contribute to promote experiences of innovative products in stores and how physical environment help to establish brand identity. For this study, site visits, observation, and literature review were conducted. For case studies, three retail spaces (Apple, Iriver, Sony) and one service space(TTL) were selected. Compared to the service space, three retail spaces have more transparent and open store front design characteristics. For the experiences of shoppers, products displayed in a radial shape, round shape, column shape, and around peripherals of the stores. A service oriented space, TTL zone is differentiated from three retail spaces in terms of layout, store front design, and experience areas. Compared to the traditional stores selling innovative products, the case stores showed more warm atmosphere using various shape, wood materials, lighting fixtures and furniture.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.625-633
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• 2012

Extended Depth of Focus (EDF) algorithms for extracting three-dimensional (3D) information from a set of optical image slices are studied by many researches recently. Due to the limited depth of focus of the microscope, only a small portion of the image slices are in focus. Most of the EDF algorithms try to find the in-focus area to generate a single focused image and a 3D depth image. Inherent to most image processing algorithms, the EDF algorithms need parameters to be properly initialized to perform successfully. In this paper, we select three popular transform-based EDF algorithms which are each based on pyramid, wavelet transform, and complex wavelet transform, and study the performance of the algorithms according to the initialization of its parameters. The parameters we considered consist of the number of levels used in the transform, the selection of the lowest level image, the window size used in high frequency filter, the noise reduction method, etc. Through extended simulation, we find a good relationship between the initialization of the parameters and the properties of both the texture and 3D ground truth images. Typically, we find that a proper initialization of the parameters improve the algorithm performance 3dB ~ 19dB over a default initialization in recovering the 3D information.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.110-116
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• 2007

This paper presents a new technique to implement the real-time recognition for shapes and model number of parts based on an active vision approach. The main focus of this paper is to apply a technique of 3D object recognition for non-contacting inspection of the shape and the external form state of precision parts based on the pattern recognition. In the field of computer vision, there have been many kinds of object recognition approaches. And most of these approaches focus on a method of recognition using a given input image (passive vision). It is, however, hard to recognize an object from model objects that have similar aspects each other. Recently, it has been perceived that an active vision is one of hopeful approaches to realize a robust object recognition system. The performance is illustrated by experiment for several parts and models.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.583-607
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• 2016

One of the main applications of seismic risk assessment is that an specific design could be selected for a bridge from different alternatives by considering damage losses alongside primary construction costs. Therefore, in this paper, the focus is on selecting the shape of pylon, which is a changeable component in the design of a cable-stayed bridge, as a double criterion decision-making problem. Different shapes of pylons include H, A, Y, and diamond shape, and the two criterion are construction costs and probable earthquake losses. In this research, decision-making is performed by using developed seismic risk assessment process as a powerful method. Considering the existing uncertainties in seismic risk assessment process, the combined incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and uniform design (UD) based fragility assessment method is proposed, in which the UD method is utilized to provide the logical capacity models of the structure, and the IDA method is employed to give the probabilistic seismic demand model of structure. Using the aforementioned models and by defining damage states, the fragility curves of the bridge system are obtained for the different pylon shapes usage. Finally, by combining the fragility curves with damage losses and implementing the proposed cost-loss-benefit (CLB) method, the seismic risk assessment process is developed with financial-comparative approach. Thus, the optimal shape of the pylon can be determined using double criterion decision-making. The final results of decision-making study indicate that the optimal pylon shapes for the studied span of cable-stayed bridge are, respectively, H shape, diamond shape, Y shape, and A shape.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.199-202
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• 2002

The synthesis of materials with controlled composition and architectures continues to be a focus of considerable current research. Dendritic multiarm polymers such as dendrimer, hyperbranched polymer, and star polymers are three dimensional macromolecules, in which a large number of linear arms of similar molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution emanate from a central core. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.299-304
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• 1996

We numerically determined the direction of ray and the average ray-crossing position from the shape of the wavefront on the exit pupil of optical system which had aberrations and apodized aperture. This position was calculated easier and closer to the position of the maximum intensity than that calculated by Safa's method when the aberration is greater than about 2λ.