• 패션비즈니스
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.181-196
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• 2016

This study intended to suggest criteria for selection of subjects by lower body shape types necessary for evaluating slacks. For this, the characteristics were examined by lower body parts which would influence the fit of slacks on 3D human body shape data of the front and sides of the lower body for lower body shaping. The frequency of subjects by lower body shape types and the boundary points for discrimination of each type were suggested so that they could be available in selecting subjects. Using the data from Size Korea(2004), indirect measurement values measured on the front and sides of the lower body among 3D human body shape data of 175 subjects were analyzed. Their height, waist, and hip circumference fell under the range of standard deviation based on the mean of women aged 18~24 years, and then lower body shaping was conducted by combining the front and side shapes of the lower body. The front of the lower body was classified into four sections: average waist/average hip type(F1), average waist/narrow hip tyle(F2), narrow waist/narrow hip type(F3) and narrow waist/wide hip type(F4) and the sides of the lower body were divided into four sections: average abdomen/average hip type(S1), flat abdomen/average hip type(S2), average abdomen/protrude hip type(S3)and round abdomen/flat hip type(S4), and thus total 16 lower body types were created by cross analysis. Besides, discriminant analysis suggested the boundary points for each shape type of the front and sides of the lower body as a criterion for deciding lower body shape type of each subject

• 대한수학회보
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.751-762
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• 2020

We define the average of a set of continuous functions of two variables (surfaces) using the structure of the two-parameter Wiener space that constitutes a probability space. The average of a sample set in the two-parameter Wiener space is defined employing the two-parameter Wiener process, which provides the concept of distribution over the two-parameter Wiener space. The average defined in our work, called an average function, also turns out to be a continuous function which is very desirable. It is proved that the average function also lies within the range of the sample set. The average function can be applied to model 3D shapes, which are regarded as their boundaries (surfaces), and serve as the average shape of them.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.938-948
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• 2009

본 연구는 2003년에서 2004년에 실시된 제 5차 한국인 인체치수 조사사업을 통해 확보된 측정사진 중 성인여성 20, 30, 40, 50대 각 150명, 총 600명의 정면과 측면 얼굴사진을 대상으로 얼굴의 연령별 특성을 파악하는데 필요하다고 판단되는 62개의 측정항목과 보다 세부적인 얼굴형태의 분석에 활용될 수 있는 21개의 지수 및 계산항목 총 83개 항목을 본 연구자가 선정한 후 Size Kroea 사업 중 얼굴의 측정 프로그램으로 사용되었던 "Venus face2D"를 이용하여 2차원 간접 측정하였다. 간접 측정기간은 2006년 3월 1일부터 6월 30일까지였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 성인여성의 주요 측정항목에 대한 평균 측정치는 얼굴길이 196mm, 상안 62.3mm, 중안 68.9mm, 하안 66.5mm이었고, 이마너비는 125.1mm, 눈살수평너비는 141.2mm, 옆광대점너비 150.8mm 턱아래점너비 124.4mm였다. 이를 바탕으로 우리나라 성인여성 얼굴의 세부항목에 대한 연령집단별 차이를 분석하였으며, 전체 성인여성의 평균 얼굴형과 더불어 각 연령집단별 평균 얼굴형을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 정량화된 수치와 비율을 이용하여 우리나라 성인여성 및 각 연령별 평균 얼굴형을 제시하고, 연령별 얼굴특성을 분석하였다는데 연구의 의의가 있다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 1996년도 제6회 학술강연회논문집
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• pp.209-216
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• 1996

The shape variation of billet was investigated by numerical method and spray forming work with variation of average substrate withdrawal velocity$\bar{V}$, withdrawal velocity change interval $\Delta$t and velocity deviation from average velocity $V_{dev}$. The shape and diameter with large$\bar{V}$, $\Delta$t, $V_{dev}$ vary seriously. When $\bar{V}$, $\Delta$t, $V_{dev}$ are smaller, the shape of billet is more simillar to that of the billet with constant withdrawal velocity. The average diameter of billet is determined by only $\bar{V}$, independent of $\Delta$t, $V_{dev}$. With $\bar{V}$, : 0.2 mm/sec $\Delta$t: 200 sec and $V_{dev}$. : 0.2mm/sec billet of constant diameter 230mm$\times$ height 1000mm were manufactured.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1096-1100
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 MR 영상에서 중간형상정보를 이용한 활성형상모델 기반의 반월상 연골 자동 분할 기법을 제안한다. 첫째, 훈련집합 내의 형상 변형을 반영하기 위해 반월상 연골 통계형상모델을 생성한다. 둘째, 큰 변형을 갖는 반월상 연골의 견고한 분할을 위해 유사도에 따른 가중치 기법을 이용하여 중간형상정보 생성 기법을 제안한다. 마지막으로 활성형상모탤 적합을 통해 반월상 연골 자동 분할을 수행한다. 제안 방법의 평가를 위하여 육안평가와 정확성 평가 그리고 수행시간을 측정하였다. 정확성 평가는 자동 분할과 반자동 분할 결과간의 평균거리차이를 측정하였고 이를 컬러맵으로 표현하였다. 실험 결과 평균거리차이는 내측 반월상 연골은 $0.54{\pm}0.16mm$, 외측 반월상 연골은 $0.73{\pm}0.39mm$으로 측정되었고, 수행시간은 평균 4.87초로 측정되었다.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2000

Several reverse design methods are developed and applied to the suction or pressure surface for finding design values of blade geometry for a given axial turbine blade. Re-designed blade profiles using shape parameters are compared with measured blade data. Essential shape parameters for blade design are induced by the procedure of reverse design for best fitting. Characteristics of shape parameters are evaluated through the system design method and restriction conditions of structural stability or aerodynamic flow loss. Some of shape parameters i.e blade radius or exit blade angle etc., are classified to weakly adjustable shape parameters, otherwise strongly adjustable shape parameters which would be applied for controlling blade shape. Average deviation values between the measured data and re-designed blade using shape parameters are calculated for each design method. Comparing with the average deviation for a given blade geometry, minimum shape parameters required to design a blade geometry are obtained.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.278-285
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• 2009

As children's apparel industry expands, there are many researches on purchasing and wearing children's clothing and optimal sizes, but researches on purchasing and wearing children's clothing and the appropriateness of sizes comparing average body shape and obese children are still inadequate. Therefore, in this research Late Elementary Schoolgirls ranging in age from 12 to 13 are categorized into the average or the obese body type, and by comparing and analyzing purchasing and wearing children's clothing and the appropriateness of its sizes between these groups, the problems in the size system of children's apparel are realized and the basic information about designing children's clothing for average body shape and non-average body shape(out-size)children are presented. The survey questions were composed of topics about general personal information, the purchasing practice and wearing practice, the appropriateness of its size when wearing children's clothing and the practice of mending apparel according to the satisfaction level of children's clothing sizes. Because subjects are often too big to wear children's clothing, and in the case of obese children the deviation of a body type is amplified, therefore in buying and wearing children's clothing, they demonstrate different forms of purchasing and wearing characteristics than adults. Considering the practice of increasing obesity in children due to westernized eating habits and decreased physical activities, along with developing programs for improving obesity, the development of an optimal size system in response to various body types will become an important challenge.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.98-107
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• 2004

The objectives of this research are to establish the criteria of peel occurrence considering the shape of bond terminus and to compare the strength properties of some adhesive joints. The criteria of feel occurrence at the bond terminus was suggested. Peel loads of some adhesive joint(butt joint, T -shape specimen, single lap joint) were determined from tensile tests. Principal stress distributions of these joints were determined from finite element method analysis. Then, peel occurrence was estimated with intensity of stress singularity ' $K_{prin.}$' when the terminus shape was square, with average principal stress when the terminus shape was rounded. The conclusions are summarized as follows; (1) In the non-filleted model(e.g., butt joint, T-shape specimen), principal stress shows singularity at the bond terminus, intensity of stress(principal stress) singularity ' $K_{prin.}$&apso; can use as the criteria of peel occurrence at the bond terminus. (2) In the filleted model(e.g., single lap joint), principal stress doesn't show singularity at the bond terminus. Average principal stress can use as the criteria of peel occurrence at the bond terminus.'t show singularity at the bond terminus. Average principal stress can use as the criteria of peel occurrence at the bond terminus.

• 치과방사선
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.227-236
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to observe mandibular condyle shape in an asymptomatic population. In order to carry out this study, 96 temporomandibular joints in 48 adults(22 males, 26 females), who were asymptomatic for temporomandibular disturbances and had no history of prosthodontic or orthodontic treatments, were selected, and radiographed using the Sectograph(Denar Co., U.S.A.) for lateral and frontal individualized corrected TMJ tomograph and submentovertex radiograph. Mandibular condyles were classified morphologically, and measured medioateral and anteroposterior dimensions and condylar angulation. The obtained results were as follows. 1. In the classification of condyle shape on lateral tomographs, 94.8% were convex type and 5.2% were angled type. 2. In the classification of condyle shape on frontal tomographs, 45.3% were convex type, 32.0% were round type, 16.0% were flat type, and 6.7% were angled type. 3. In the classification of condyle shape on submentovertex radiographs, 34.5% were flat-convex type, 22.9% were flat-flat type, 20.8% were concave-convex type, 19.8% were convex-convex type, and 1.0% were concave-flat type and convex-flat type. Concave-concave type, convex-concave type, and flat-concave type were not observed. 4. The average mediolateral legth of the condyle was 19.3㎜ and the average anteroposterior length was 9.4㎜. The average angle between the long axis of condyle and the coronal plane made on submentovertex view was 19.6 degrees.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.501-511
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate BMI, self-esteem and attitude toward body shape perceived by obese adults. Method: The subjects were 129 adults selected from visitors to the obesity clinics of three university hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Results: 1) Of the subjects. 26.3% appeared normal. 2) The mean BMI was 27.38. 3) The degree of self-esteem showed above average as 29.1 on the average. 4) The degree of attitude toward body shape showed above average as 27.2 on the average. 5) There were significant differences in BMI according to educational level (F=4.102, p=.019), in self-esteem according to sex (t=2.484, p=.014), educational level (F=2.781, p=.044), and medication or not (t=2.003, p=.048) and in attitude toward body shape according to age (F=3.059, p=.019), sex(t=-5.281, p=.000), diet or not(t=-3.286, p=001), exercise or not (t=-3.286, p=.001), and medication or not(t=-3.659, p=.000). 6) There were significant correlations between BMI and attitude toward body shape (r=.353, p=.000) and between self-esteem and attitude toward body shape (r=-.310, p=.000). Conclusion: The results of his study suggest that nurses need to help their patients have correct information about obesity.