• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.36-48
• /
• 2010

This present study was conducted to investigate photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll contents of Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Prunus leveilleana, Magnolia sieboldii, growing under four different light intensity regimes (full sun, and 64~73%, 35~42%, 9~16% of full sun). As result, Betula platyphylla var. japonica showed outstanding photosynthetic capacity and apparent quantum yield in full sun and showed low shade tolerance. Prunus leveilleana showed good photosynthetic capacity and apparent quantum yield in 64~73% or 35~42% of full sun and showed common shade tolerance. However, Magnolia sieboldii showed good photosynthetic capacity and apparent quantum yield in 35~42% of full sun, while the lowest in full sun. Magnolia sieboldii showed the highest shade tolerance compared to the other species. As the shading level increased, the total chlorophyll contents of all species increased with significant difference.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.89 no.5
• /
• pp.585-590
• /
• 2000

The studies were carried out to know shade tolerance of the plants for the urban forest aromatic bath. The one to two year old potted seedlings were grown under the one of the five light conditions such as 100%, 50%, 30%, 10% and 2% of the full sun light intensities. Pinus densiflora S. et Z., P. sylvestriformis (Takenouchi) Chien., Thymus quinquecastatus Celak, Lonicera japonica Thunb, and Zingiber officinale Roscoe showed decreasing tendencies in height and root collar diameter growth, and dry mass production as the light intensity decreases. Exceptionally Thuja koraiensis Nakai showed the best growth in the 50% of full sun light intensity. Athyrium yokoscense (Fr. et Sab.) H. Christ showed better growth in the relative light intensity of 10 to 15% than in the in the relative light intensity of 25 to 30% in the bath green house.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.103-115
• /
• 1992

This dissertation, which has been prepared in the region of cheju(33o31'N, 126o32'E) from may,1987 to appril, 1989, is to elucidate the dominant characteristics of early stages in secondary succession, by examining the life history of erigeron annuus for the seeding depth of a seed was dependent upon the degree of shading. That is, on the area of ocm,the more tense the shading was, the more germination percentage was increased, while, in the case of 1.5cm, it was somewhat increased, when shading bwcame ess and less tense. The rosette of e. annuus, through its relative light intensity was decreased by shading, up to 5% of natural light, showed some strong shade tolerance, which had no difficulty in matter production. The species diversity of mixed-species community was the highest in the middle of April, the lowest in the last of may. The dominance index was the highest in the late may, the lowest in the middle of April. Toward the end of may, the occupation rate of dominance species was the highest. There was a neutral relationship between intraspecific and interspecific, owing to the differentiation of its niche, temporally and spatially. Productive structure of the community revealed a narrow leaf type which was concentratively distributed in the mid part of community height. The relative light intensity of community ground surface was 6.1%, the leaf inclination 60o,the extinction coefficient(k) 0.4, biomass of community 1,045.6 g.d.w./m2,T/Rratio 9.3, C/Frate 7.0 and sumgermanition, shade toarance and community characteristics on erigeron annuus l.in chejumed leaf area index 3.88. through the various life cycles o e.annuus, we can say that it decreases mortality of seeding caused by some stress and disturbance, for germination lasts for a long time at any opportunity available, and it promotes population growth. The strong shade tolerance of a rosette and the variableness of a life from differentiate the niche between intraspecific and interspecific within the community, and avoid the direct competition between them, thus poromoting community growth.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.90 no.4
• /
• pp.476-487
• /
• 2001

In this study, three tree species (Populus euramericana, Kalopanax pictus and Quercus serrata) exhibiting different levels of shade tolerance were employed to investigate photosynthetic responses to the lower light condition on forest floors. Chlorophyll contents, spectral properties and photosynthetic characteristics were examined by using the tree species grown under high light intensity (PPFD $920{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$) or low light intensity (PPFD $80{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$). Plants grown under the low light intensity tended to have reduced leaf area, chlorophyll content per unit leaf area, light absorption and respiration in the shade intolerant tree species of P. euramericana. However, the shade tolerant species K. pictus and Q. serrata showed increased leaf area, chlorophyll content and net apparent quantum yield. Therefore, light absorption and light utilization efficiency were improved under the low light intensity. Also shade tolerant species maintained activities of photosystems and $CO_2$ fixation systems with little changes in low light intensity condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Potoscience Conference
• /
• 2005.06a
• /
• pp.33-34
• /
• 2005

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2006

We examined seedlings of two species (Ilex rotunda and Illicium anisatum) which have a different level of shade tolerance and raised them under different light regimes (full sunlight and 50% shading). After 12 months, we investigated chlorophyll content (Chl. a, Chl. b and Chl. a+b), photosynthetic systems (photosynthetic rate, light compensation point, dark respiration rate and quantum yield), intercellular $CO_2$ concentration and water use efficiency to show acclimation reaction to different light conditions. Seedlings grown under full sunlight showed lower chlorophyll content than those in the shading regime. There was a significant difference between the full sunlight and shade treatments in I. anisatum (shade tolerance species). I. rotunda (intermediate species) showed high photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency over PPFD $1000\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ to full sunlight. Also, I. anisatum grown under full sunlight showed lower photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency over a range of all PPFD. This result showed that I. rotunda has a more flexible reaction system than that of I. anisatum.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.29-36
• /
• 2003

This paper concerned the application of improvement in Vivo of Traditional Method for determination of nitrate reductase (NR) activity of leaves to dominant tree species in five forest communities of northern aspect of Changbai Mountain. The results indicated that the NR activity of tree species was related to shade tolerance, and the intolerant tree species had higher NR activity. The NR of a species was also related to the vertical structure and ecological site condition. The tree species, which have higher NR activities should be selected for fast growing and high yield tree species.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.126-130
• /
• 2005

Acifluorfen tolerance charateristics determined the involvement of absorption, translocation, and metabolism in acifluorfen tolerance. Less than 6% of the applied $^{14}C-acifluorfen$ was absorbed. There were no differences in acifluorfen absorption between susceptible and tolerant somaclones. More $^{14}C-acifluorfen$ was translocated in the susceptible than the tolerant somaclones. The susceptible somaclone did not metabolize acifluorfen while some somaclones (i.e.,EBN-3A) metabolized $^{14}C-acifluorfen$. Nomenclature: Acifluorfen, 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid; eastern black night shade, Solanum ptycanthum Dun.,$#^3$ SOLPT.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 1965

It has already been noted that some tree species, denoted as tolerant species, endure to behavior shadiness in growth than those species, denoted as intolerant species, since this fact of tolerance must be involved in silvicultural practice, the present author, with pinus rigida, pinus Thunbergii, and Buxus koreana, investigated the relation of degree of shadiness to soil moisture condition. Because tolerant and intolerant trees must be considered from the standpoint of their ability to use any of the factors that are likely to be at low concentration in the dense or open forest. The observed results may be summarized as follows : 1. The ability of tolerance of the species to shadiness is differently concluded by the base with which the analysis was made, i.c. Height, growth, diameter growth, T-R ratio or dry matter increase and so on. Regarding this point root collar increment or dry matter increase were considered more reasonable bases for discussing the tolerability. 2. When total length growth, including both stem and root, is taken as standard for the comparison of the ability of tolerance for each species, higher soil moisture condition and thicker shadeniss lessened the ability of pinus rigida, seedlings. Pinus Thunbergii, showed. However more moisture resistant than pinus rigida. Buxus koreana, seemed to have stronger ability of tolerance than any others. 3. When total dry matter content taken as standard, the results obtained are given in Fig, 3. In pinus rigida, the soil moisture supplemented the lack of light.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.52-56
• /
• 2001

Experiment was performed to investigate the effect of light intensity on growth and flowering status of Korean native Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus, Sedum middendorifianum, Hemerocallis aurantiaca, Iris ensata var. spontanea and Aquilegia buergeriana var. oxysepola for effective landscaping. Number of floret and flower stalk per a plant were markedly increased under full sun(about 100,000lux), and decreased with decreasing light intensity in all tested plants. This result indicate that it will be cultivated in the open for promote landscaping values. However, leaf area and plant height were more increased under half sun(22,000lux) than open(100,000lux) or shade(7,700lux) in all plants except Sedum middendorifianum. Especially, Hemerocallis aurantiaca had same number of shoot and leaf size, even if planted under shade condition to show a wide adaptation to various light intensities.