• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.80-97
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to identify and describe a process of sexual adjustment of individuals with spinal cord injury: and to describe and explore positive and negative influences on the adjustment process. This qualitative study was conducted with 10 Korean individuals with spinal cord injury who had been physically disabled for more than one year. Data were collected and analysed at a same time using grounded theory method. Major categories of this study showed a process how the individuals with spinal cord injury adjust to their individual life as sexual beings. The process included and individual responses to the behavioral efforts including and . Initially physical aspects of sexuality seemed to be affected by spinal cord injuries. The changed physical aspects then influenced other aspects of their sexual life. Life satisfaction of each individual as a sexual being revealed as very subjective. It could be defined according to how the individual approved their sexual life no matter what and how much behavioral effort the person had done. In this study 3 types of sexual adjustment aspects were explored: 'Active adjustment' 'Passive adjustment' 'Maladjustment'. There were negative and positive factors influencing the adjustment process of individuals with spinal cord injury. Those factors might come from themselves, from families, or from social situations. Findings of this study suggested that sexual life of individuals with spinal cord injury should not be understood as a physical or behavioral matter. It was a combination of physical, psychological and social aspects of life. Therefore, appropriate rehabilitation programs for the sexual adjustment of individuals with spinal cord injury need to concern heterogeneous life values of them and obtain individualized services for each individual at a different stage of the sexual adjustment process.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.314-323
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• 2018

The main purposes of this study are to explore the factors related to the elderly's sexual life continuance and satisfaction in Daegu area. The data were collected from May 1st, 2017 to July 31st in 2018 by face-to-face interviews. 259 cases were used for the final statistical analysis, such as logistic regression analysis and multiple regression analysis. 29% of the respondents continued their sexual life and approximately 55% of them were satisfaction in their sexual life. According to the logistic regression analysis, independent variables such as, age, having wife, and living with wife only have statistically significant relationships with the male elderly's sexual continuance. Frequency of sexual intercourse, number of disease, and the experience of venereal disease have statistically significant relationships with the elderly's sexual life satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.237-250
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• 2021

This study analyzed 'how the elderly's sexual relations and marital intimacy affect the elderly's life satisfaction'. Interviews and visits were conducted for 11 days targeting 309 elderly people aged 65 years or older. As a result of the analysis, 51% were male, 49% were female, and 84.7% were in their 60s and 70s. Approximately 60.1% of them were religious, of which 24.7% were protestants. In the region, 42.9% lived in rural and fishing villages. The percentage of those who answered that their health status was above average was 87.6%. Regarding the frequency of sexual life, 41.4% of the respondents said they had sex once or twice a month. Males had a higher frequency of sexual life than females. A lower age, higher education, living in small and medium-sized cities, better health status, and higher income level were associated with a higher frequency of sexual life. The factors that showed a significant difference in sex life satisfaction were gender, region, and health status. Those with religion as Protestantism, residing in a small or medium-sized city or over, with better health and higher income levels were found to have higher life satisfaction. The satisfaction with sex life had a positive correlation with emotional intimacy (p<.01) and life satisfaction (p<.01). Based on the above results, the sexual life satisfaction of the elderly has a positive effect on life satisfaction, and emotional intimacy between spouses had a positive influence on life satisfaction.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reported patterns of sexuality and life satisfaction of the elderly. Methods: Study participants were 490 older than 60 years of age who participated in a sexuality education program over five provinces. Data were collected from August to October, 2009 by using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using PASW/WIN 18.0 program. Results: 163 participants (33.3%) reported being sexually active with a frequency on an average of 3.16 times per month. The reported life satisfaction of the participants was significantly different in terms of education level ($p$ <.001), health status ($p$ <.001), economic status ($p$ <.001), sexual behaviors ($p$ <.001), and attitude on the sexuality ($p$=.023). The reported life satisfaction was significantly associated with sexual attitudes and the frequency of sexual behaviors. Conclusion: These results suggest that the elderly person has a positive sexual attitude although not all elderly people are sexually active. There are several influencing factors on life satisfaction of the elderly. Therefore, it is needed to investigate the sexuality of the elderly more closely to enhance their life satisfaction.

• 한국노년학
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.69-83
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics and factors of each area by considering the gender health of the elderly as the integration of mental, physical, emotional, and social gender health based on the WHO gender health. The sexual health of the elderly is significantly different by gender, academic background, and region, and there is a clear difference in mental, physical, emotional sexual health and social sexual health. The mental, physical and emotional sexual health of the elderly in urban areas, those with high education and male is high, but the elderly in the rural areas, those with low education, and female are high in social sexual health. The factors affecting sexual health are as follows. Mental sexual health was positively influenced by satisfaction of sexual life and sexual knowledge. Physical sexual health was positively influenced by life and spouse satisfaction, and emotional sexual health was positively influenced by sexual relationship, spouse satisfaction, sexual life satisfaction and sexual knowledge. Social sexual health has a negative (-) effect on spouse satisfaction and sexual relationships. Integrated sexual health in old age can affect subjective health and quality of life, leading to successful aging. Sexual health education is needed to form a safe and healthy sexual life and interpersonal relationship. The 'sex' that appears as a cumulative trajectory of life should be accompanied by the accurate sexual health awareness and sex education that encompasses all generations. Therefore, in the composition of sex health education program, it is necessary to reflect the components that can enhance the sensitivity of adulthood to strengthen understanding and communication of spouse.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-71
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• 1997

A Pregnancy is the women's normal physiological and developmental process, in which many psychological changes including sexual problems always occur. But there have been few guidelines on sexual life during pregnancy. So this study was performed to evaluate the sexual life of pregnant women, and to analyze the factors affecting satisfaction of sexual life during pregnancy. Questionnaires were given to pregnant women who visited two general hospitals for antenatal care as well as to attendants at a prenatal Lamaze class. The results were as followings : 1) The average age of the 194 pregnant women was 28.5 years ; 98.4% of them had educated more than 12 years. ; the average monthly income was about 15,000,000 won ; primigravida women were 81.4% of the total cases. 2) As the pregnancy progressed, the frequency of the sexual intercourses was decreased in 48.5% because of the anxiety on the fetal damages. The was no significant differences between frequency of sexual intercourses and the degrees of physical discomfort and spouse intimacy. Man superior position was taken in 88.1% ; the incidence of orgasms before and during pregnancy were 71.1% and 41.1%, respectively ; the incidence of painful sexual intercourse in primigravida women was decreased by pregnancy in 4.6%, and in the case of multigravida women it was increased in 2.1%. 3) The average point of sexual knowledge was 11.5 in total points of 20 ; that of sexual attitude was 29.1 in total points of 40 ; that of sexual satisfaction was 28.5 in perfects points of 40. 4) The factors which significantly related to the satisfaction of sexual life were spouse intimacy, sexual attitude, change of sexual body position during pregnancy, and the orgasms before and during pregnancy. Considering above results, nursing care and nursing intervention including sexual education and counselling programs are needed during pregnancy as well as before pregnancy.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.148-154
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate postoperative patient satisfaction, vaginal bleeding, and sexual function in women after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (LSH). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using a questionnaire mailed to 131 women who underwent LSH between 2008 and 2011at the Department of Obstetrics &Gynecology, D University Hospital in Chungnam province. Indication for LSH was uterine myoma. The questionnaire contained questions on overall postoperative satisfaction, influence on quality of life of vaginal bleeding, and sexual satisfaction following surgery. Data were collected from March to July 2013 and 109 (83.2%) patients returned the questionnaire. Results: Most women reported being very satisfied (90.8%) or satisfied (7.3%), but 2 women (1.8%) were not satisfied with LSH. Four patients (3.4%) reported experiencing vaginal bleeding but with no negative influence on quality of life. Of sexually active women, 82 patients (90.1%) reported improvements in sexual function, 8 patients (8.8%) reported "no change", and one patient (1.1%) reported a deterioration Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that LSH is associated with a high degree of patient satisfaction, no negative influence on quality of life from vaginal bleeding, and improvement in sexual function to a minimum 2 years after the procedure.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.18-29
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data from confirming factors that could help nurses tailor counseling program for married couples who were facing the prospect of a hysterectomy. A descriptive design was used to study a total of 81 married couples(total of 162 subjects) between 2 to 18 months after hysterectomy, due to a benign gynecology disease at a University Hospital in Daegu by questionnaires from March, 1999 to June, 2000. This study used Sexual Knowledge Measurement of Koo, Ja-sung(1996), Sexual Attitude Scales of Hudson, Murphy and Nurius(1994), Sexual Attitude Measurement of Jang, Soon-bok(1989), Sexual Activity Questionnaires of Thiriaway, Fallowfield and Cuzick(1996) modified and supplemented by advice of experts in order to measure sexual knowledge, sexual attitude and sexual activity, and Sexual Function Inventory of Derogatis(1979) translated by Jang, Soon-bok(1984) was used to measure sexual satisfaction of the subjects. For data analysis, the study executed $x^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and multiple regression in accordance with the purpose of study by SPSS/PC+ WIN 10.0 program. Also this study obtained Cronbach's alpha for examination of reliability. The results are as follows : 1) The sexual knowledge of the husband was higher than that of the wife after hysterectomy by showing the mean 11.27(${\pm}2.72$) in case of the wife and the mean 11.57(${\pm}2.28$) in case of the husband, but there was no statistically significant difference(t=.681, p=.497). 2)The sexual attitude of the husband was more liberal than that of the wife after hysterectomy by showing the mean 3.25(${\pm}.48$) in case of the wife and the mean 3.42(${\pm}.48$) in case of the husband, and there was statistically significant difference(t=2.399, p=.018). 3)There was no statistically significant difference between the score of sexual activity of wife and husband by period elapsed after hysterectomy. 4)There was no statistically significant difference between the score of sexual satisfaction of wife and husband by period elapsed after hysterectomy. 5)The wife subjects showed positive correlation among sexual knowledge, sexual attitude, sexual activity and sexual satisfaction. The husband subjects showed positive correlation only between sexual knowledge and sexual activity, sexual activity and sexual satisfaction, sexual attitude and sexual satisfaction, sexual knowledge and sexual satisfaction. There was a positive correlation between the sexual knowledge, sexual attitude, sexual activity and sexual satisfaction of the wife and husband. 6)Only the variable of sexual activity among factors of sexual satisfaction of the wife subjects showed the statistical significance(F=52.452, p<0.001), while variables of sexual attitude (F=20.360, p<0.001) and sexual activity (F=14.142, p<0.05) among factors of sexual satisfaction of the husband subjects showed a statistical significance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.386-395
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• 2014

Sexual satisfaction depends a lot of various factors. The study was conducted to understand middle-aged women's sexual function, sexual communication, and sexual satisfaction and to determine factors influencing sexual satisfaction. As a descriptive correlation study, data was collected during Oct. in 2012 to Jan. in 2013 from 126 middle-aged women in Korea. Sexual function, sexual communication, and sexual satisfaction were averaged 25.02 (range of score 2~36), 3.12 (out of 5), and 2.36 (out of 4), respectively. Sexual satisfaction had a positive correlation with sexual function and sexual communication. Sexual function, sexual communication, and last formal education were influencing factors on sexual satisfaction. Sexual satisfaction of middle-aged women was considered their physical and psychological aspects. Nurses should become aware of the wider consideration that need to be made in relation to the general and sexual quality of life when caring for middle-aged women.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.108-118
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• 2013

Purpose: Sexual function involves a complex interaction of emotions, body image, and intact physical responses. The purpose of this study was to determine the sexual functioning of women who are incontinent and to identify associated factors. Methods: For this descriptive correlation study, data were collected from 147 women with urinary incontinence. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Mean scores were 22.39 (sexual dysfunction ${\leq}26.55$) for sexual function, 13.38 (of 63) for depression, and 55.47 (range of score 17~85) for body image. Urinary symptoms and daily life symptoms averaged 36.04 (range of score 20~100) and 16.03 (range of score 8~40). Sexual function had a positive correlation with body image and negative correlation with daily life symptoms. Sexual satisfaction, daily life symptoms, marital satisfaction, and frequency of sexual intercourse were factors affecting sexual function. Conclusion: Study results indicate that urinary incontinence has a negative impact on various aspects of sexual function. Nurses should be aware of the wider consideration that needs to be made in relation to general and sexual quality of life when caring for clients suffering from urological diseases.