• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.50-59
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the maternal perception of her newborn and identify the risk of mother-infant relationship. Broussard's Neonatal Perception Inventories were completed by 113 mothers on the first or second postpartum day (Time I ) while they were still in the University Hospital. These inventories were again administered when the infants were approximately one month of age (Time Ⅱ). The data was analyzed by S.P.S.S. program and the results were as follows: 1) There were differences between the mothers' exportations of the average baby and perceptions of their babies at Time I and Time Ⅱ (p<0.01). 2) The maternal perception of her newborn at Time I was not related with the education, the parity, the experience of abortion, the type of delivery and the sex of baby but related with the method of feeding (p<0.05). 3) The maternal perception of her newborn at Time Ⅱ was not related with the education, the parity, the experience of abortion, the type of delivery and the method of feeding but related with the sex of baby (p<0.05). 4) The changes of maternal perception between Time I and Time Ⅱ were not related with the education, the parity, the experience of abortion, the method of delivery and the sex of baby but related with the method of feeding (p<0.1). 5) The maternal perception of the newborn was not correlated with the age and the duration of labor.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.229-239
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• 2008

Purpose: A phenomenology study was conducted to provide in-depth data to help in the understanding of young women who have become unmarried mothers. Method: In-depth interviews were done with 11 unmarried mothers from August 2002 to September 2003 Data were recorded and analyzed by Colaizzi method. Result: Significant statements consisted of 5 categories with 12 theme clusters accompanying each category. The categories were: "Sex as a tool" which included living and connections, "Sex as an expression of her desire" which included wanting and expression of love, "Sex to be dominated" which included significance, domination and negative aspects of sex, "Moral sex" which included secrecy, responsibility and connections with life, "Sex as a sense of identity" which included expression of gender and association with peer group. Conclusion: The results of this study will help indicate directions for care of unmarried mother, which should be based on a deep understanding of their personal perception of sexuality. Also, it can be utilized as basic materials for development of sex educational programs to prevent repeat pregnancies in unmarried women and information on consultion with unmarried mothers.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.43-58
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• 2003

This research was conducted to comprehend the effects of computer games on the development children's visual perception. First, the effects of experience of computer games on children's visual perception abilities was analyzed. Second, the effects of different types of computer games on children's visual perception abilities were examined. And third, the interaction effects of sex and computer game types were examined. The subjects of this study were 78 5-year-olds engaging public kindergarten located in Cheung-Ju. To analyse data, percent, mean, standard deviation, and ANCOVA were used. The results showed that children's visual perception abilities were improved significantly with the experience of computer games. And the improvement of children's visual perception varied significantly according to the type of computer game. No interaction effects were found between a child's sex and the types of computer games.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.367-380
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• 2007

This study investigates the perception of price and the propensity to conspicuous consumption in the purchase of clothing among college students and the relation between the perception of price and the propensity to conspicuous consumption. The data for this study were collected from 1,015 Korean college students. In order to analyze the data, statistical methods such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, factor analysis, ANOVA, scheffe-test, Pearson's correlation, and Cronbach's a were used with the SPSS statistical package program. The major study findings were as follows. 1. The perception of clothing price among college students was classified into five factors: high price-oriented, discount-oriented, high quality-price rate-oriented, low price-oriented, and effectiveness-oriented. 2. The propensity to conspicuous consumption of clothing among college students was classified into four factors: brand name conspicuousness, conspicuous pursuit of vogue, symbol of their social position, and imported goods conspicuousness. 3. High price-oriented and discount-oriented were different significantly according to sex, age, father's educational level, monthly income, monthly allowance amount. High quality-price rate-oriented and low price-oriented were different significantly according to sex, father's educational level, monthly income, monthly allowance amount. Effectiveness-oriented was different significantly according to sex, age. 4. Brand name conspicuousness, conspicuous pursuit of vogue and imported goods conspicuousness were different significantly according to sex, age, father's educational level, monthly income, monthly allowance amount. Symbol of their social position was different significantly according to sex, age, father's educational level, monthly income. 5. High price-oriented, discount-oriented and high quality-price rate-oriented have the highly positive correlation with four factor of propensity to conspicuous consumption of clothing. Low price-oriented has the negative correlation with four factor of propensity to conspicuous consumption of clothing. Effectiveness-oriented has the lowly positive correlation with four factor of propensity to conspicuous consumption of clothing.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.187-203
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• 1994

This study investigated the relation of androgynous parent's child-rearing practices to children's self-perceived competence by comparison of the effectiveness of androgynous people as parents compared with parents who are other-typed in their sex-role identity. The subjects were 362 third and sixth grade children and their parents selected from two elementary schools in Seoul. The instruments were a children's self-perceived competence scale, a perception of maternal warmth and control scale, a perception of paternal warmth and control scale, parent's self-esteem scale, and parent's sex-role identity scale. Frequencies, percentiles, mean, ${\chi}^2$ test, two way-ANOVA, one way-ANOVA, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and $Scheff{\acute{e}}$-test were used for data-analysis. The major findings showed that (1) Androgynous and masculine fathers had higher self-esteem than feminine or undifferentiated fathers. Androgynous, masculine, and feminine mothers had higher self-esteem than undifferentiated mothers. (2) There was no difference in children's perception of parental warmth and control as related to parent's sex-role identity. Androgynyous parents were not more likely to be authoritative parents. (3) Sons of androgynous parents had higher self-perceived competence than those of sex-typed parents, while daughters of sex-typed parents had higher self-perceived competence than those of androgynous parents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find out differences between nursing teachers and non-nursing teachers in sex education, to offer the degree of conducting sex education and teachers' perceptions of teaching ability The subjects were 291 middle and high school teachers in Busan from June 25 to July 22, 2002. The results of this study are as follows. 1. According to the survey of 22 items relating to the degree of conducting sex education, the average of nursing teachers(2.87) was higher than that of non-nursing teachers(2.69). This finding showed that there was a significant difference between both groups(p<.05). 2. According to the survey of 22 items relating to teaching abilities, the average of nursing teachers(2.88) was higher than that of non-nursing teachers(2.63). There was also a significant difference between both groups(p<.01). According to the results of the study, I make the following suggestions. 1. Sex education should be adopted as a regular course and conducted as a school health program in regular curriculum. 2. Compared with non-nursing teachers, nursing teachers conducted sex education frequently and efficiently and their perception of sex education was higher. Therefore, the school policy which requires that sex education should be conducted by nursing teachers only is to be established.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.631-640
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• 2001

Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the physiological parameters and health perception of adults in Kyungi province area, and the correlation between these variables. The subjects were 95 adults who participated voluntarily in the health examination program. Methods: The instruments for this study were physiological parameters, which were composed of blood pressure, blood sugar, and body fat. The health perception scale developed by Ware (1976), and the health practice performance scale developed by Chang et al. (1999). Results: The average blood pressure was 137/85mmHg, the average blood sugar was 108.56mg/dl, and the average body fat arm sunt was 27.08% in males, and 30.07% in females. There were significant negative correlation between health perception and blood sugar (r=-2.36, p=.01), and body fat (r= -2.77, p=.001). There were significant positive correlations between blood pressure and health behavior (r=2.76, p=.001). However a significant correlation between health perception and health behavior was not found. Of the sociodemographic characteristics, sex (F=5.42, p=.01), and marital status (F=3.29, p=.04) were related to blood pressure. Also sex (F=4.17, p=.04) was related to body fat, and sex (t=4.04, p=.03) was related to health perception and disease status (t=4.33, p=.040). Thus having a relationship with health behavior. Conclusion: It is suggested that health perception provide important information about health status. However, this study has not shown a correlation between health perception and health behavior. Therefore further research is needed to find the other variables related to health behavior.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.211-222
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• 2020

This study is an empirical research based on data analysis obtained by surveying 655 adult men and women. The notable findings are as follow: First, overall, individuals' perception of extramarital affair is negative, but about 16.4% respondents have a positive perception of it. Second, the respondents have a more critical perception of their spouse's extramarital affairs compared to their own. Thirdly, the less critical perception of extramarital affair, the more acceptance of my extramarital relationship, the less tolerance of my spouse's extramarital relationship regardless marital status. Forth, while the less tolerance of spouse's extramarital relationship, the less openness to extramarital sex among unmarried group, the more acceptance of my own extramarital relationship, the more openness to extramarital sex among married group. Lastly, individuals' perception of extramarital relationship does not directly affect the openness to extramarital sex only among unmarried group, however, the correlation between the perception of extramarital affairs and the openness to extramarital sex is fully mediated by the effect of unacceptance of spouse's extramarital affairs. The moderating effect of marital status is proved.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.21-34
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) the effect of a masculine-feminine image in women's blouse·skirt on the perception of the wearer's occupational characteristics and suitability of the clothing for certain occupations, and (2) the effect of perceiver's sex, sex-role attitudes, and occupation on the perception formed by the function of clothing cues. The research design of the study consisted of 2(skirt color) × 2(blose color) × 3(masculine-feminine blouse forms) factorial desing of a blouse·skirt set. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimuli and 2 response scales. The stimuli consisted of 12 drawings of woman's clothing made by systematic manipulations of 2 independent variabels (color and form) in drawings of blouse-skirt. The dependent variables were the perceptions of the wearer's occupational characteristics and suitability of the masculine or feminine clothing for certain occupations. Occupational characteristics were measured with a 7-point semantic differential scale composed of 21 bipolar adjectives. Perception of occupational suitability was assessed with 12 items of 5-point Likert type questions. In addition, the Bem Sex-role Inventory was used to assess perceiver's sex-role attitudes. The subjects consisted of 393 men and 389 women, whose occupations were classified as professionals, secondary school teachers, and white-collar workers. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, MANOVA, ANOVA, Mean and S.D. Three factors emerged to account for the perception of occupational characteristics. These factors were given the titles of (1) activity, (2) potency, and (3) evaluation factors. The activity factor was the largest, including 9 adjectives and accounting for 33.3% of the variance in blouse-skirt. On the blouse-skirt set, the form of the blouse had an effect on activity and evaluation for both sexes, while the color of the skirt had an effect on evaluation for both sexes as well as on potency for men. Strong effect of color and form on blouse·skirt were seen in perception of occupational suitability for the occupations of attorney(masculine) and secretary(feminine). On suitability for secondary school teaching occupations, the effects of color and form of blouse·skirt differed by sex of the subjects. Male subjects determined suitability by the color of the blouse, while female subjects determinied suitability on the basis of the form of the blouse. Perceiver's sex-role attitude and occupation partially influenced the perception of the wearer's occupational characteristics and suitability of the clothing for certain occupations.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.64-78
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• 1989

The present study investigated children's self-perceived competence as related to (1) their perception of parental warmth and control (2) age and sex of child (3) the relationship of this perception to parents' educational level and children's sex. The subjects were 303 fourth and sixth grade children selected from three elementary schools in Seoul. The instruments were a children's self-perceived competence scale, and a perception of parental warmth and control scale. Frequencies, percentiles, mean, t-test, one-way-ANOVA, and $Scheffe{\acute{e}}$-test were used for data analysis. There were significant differences in children's self-perceived competence by perception of parental warmth and control. The children who perceived more parental warmth and control perceived themselves higher in cognitive and social competence and in self-worth. Children whose parents' were college graduates perceived highest parental warmth. Fourth grade children perceived themselves higher than sixth grade children in cognitive competence and in global self-worth. Boys perceived themselves higher than girls in physical competence. Boys perceived higher parental control than girls.