• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.743-751
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• 2010

It requires an interim performance assessment for BTL business of the sewerage rehabilitation which continues from 2005 till now. Means, It is necessary to make an interim performance assessment and an analysis of an business effect of the sewerage rehabilitation BTL projects which still continues, and we presented an improvement method of the new sewerage rehabilitation project in future. This paper has conducted an analysis of the business effect for 3 local government BTL projects which are completed and under operation as of now in Jincheon-Gun, Cheongju-Si and Gangjin-Gun. As a method of business effect analysis, we conducted a business effect of the 3 places using the index set which we previously set for the business effect analysis. The index set in this research was sectionalized to an improvement effect of operating wastewater treatment plant, an benefit effect of the direct cost, an benefit effect of the indirect cost and an environment friendly effect. We, in this paper, conducted an business effect analysis for 3 sewerage rehabilitation BTL projects which are completed or under operation recently as a demonstration, however we judge that an business effect analysis shall be conducted in a stage that a significant time for operation has passed since the completion of the construction in order to induce an actual business effect of the sewerage rehabilitation BTL project.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.337-348
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• 2018

As the issue of microplastics (MPs) detection in tap water was raised in other countries in 2017, monitoring of MPs in drinking and source water, and sewage treatment plant (STP) effluents was initiated. This study intends to look into other studies on MPs in STPs at home and abroad, and review the characteristics of MPs and their removal efficiencies in the STPs, the risk and effect of MPs on watersheds, and management practices in order to help better understand MPs in STPs. To manage MPs effectively in STPs, it is necessary to investigate the detection of MPs discharged from STPs, do research on human health risk and control measures, and build a monitoring system including standardized analytical methods.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.533-541
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• 2015

We investigate the Japan's Master Plan of Comprehensive Sewerage System (JMPS) and Lake Biwa basin sewerage and suggest future development direction of the Watershed Sewerage System Maintenance Plan in Korea enforced on February 2, 2013. The JMPS is designed for compliance with the environmental standard for water quality under the Environmental Policy Act. The effluent standards applied in the master plan of Lake Biwa's Sewerage Plan for the Lake Biwa is tougher than the national standards. Therefore the Lake Biwa Baisn Sewerage System was the first in Japan to adopt facilities that perform advanced treatment for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. BOD, SS, T-N and T-P concentrations of discharge water of sewage are 0.9, 0.6, 5.5, 0.06 mg/L, respectively. Especially removal efficiency for BOD is 99.5 percent. It is necessary to study the diversification of the evaluation criteria, cost minimization approach, subsidy system improvement, economic concept of discharge load adjustment system and establishment of basin sewerage concept for the development of the basin sewerage plan in Korea.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.65-84
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• 1993

This study reviewed the current status and problems of sewerage system in Korea and then proposed possible methods to correct the problems. Also, evaluation of future development in sewerage system is included. It can be summarized as follows : 1. Investment in sewerage system is relatively low . 0.23% of GNP, Considering that the investment portion is 0.35% in OECD and 0.63% in Japan, it should be increased further. 2. The reasons wily the investment in sewerage system is low can be ' (1) Low priority is given to the investment in sewerage system. Local government builds and operates its own wastewater treatment plant. Local government as well as residents prefer to invest their money in roadwork, housing and parks to in wastewater treatment facilities because of greater investment effects. (2) Besides capital investment, more maintenance cost is needed for sewerage system. Proper operation of wastewater treatment facilities requires a well-trained operator. Because of public conception that operation of wastewater treatment facility is a dirty job, it is difficult to find a well-trained operator. (3) It is difficult to estimate the effect of sewerage system (4) Cost required to build and maintain wastewater treatment facility should be paid by people, who benefit from the facility. People to benefit are sometimes different from people to pay. 3. Advanced treatment is necessary to protect the bay aura and raw water source as well as to prevent eutrophication of lakes and ponds. 4. Wastewater treatment facility were mainly build in big cities during the decade of 1980. Followings should be solved first to expand the facilities. (1) Rapid repair and construction of sewer. (2) Technical development of wastewater treatment . Prevention of efficient and economical wastewater . Development of efficient and economical wastewater treatment techniques . Development of high-efficiency treatment using bioreactor . Reuse of wastewater treatment plant effluent (3) Sludge treatment and disposal . Composting of sludge cakes . Development of techniques to reduce the volume of sludge cake : incineration and reuse of sludge ash and slag. (4) Utilization of wastewater treatment facilities . Construction of community parks or sports families(ie, on the tops of the covered aeration tanks and sedimention tanks) Construction of wastewater treatment facilities under ground and of parking facilities and community parks above ground. (5) Education of wastewater treatment personal.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.491-498
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• 2017

Objective: Bacterial abundance and community compositions have been examined in Asian dust events, clarifying their impacts on public health. This study aims to determine the bacterial community compositions and viable bacteria in Asian dust particles in the Asian dust or non-Asian dust event of March 2016. Methods: The dust samples were collected using the high volume air sampler or high volume cascade impactor, and bacterial 16S rRNA genes were amplified using PCR, followed by pyrosequencing. Bacterial diversity index, richness estimate and community composition in the particles were analyzed from the sequencing data using Mothur software. Results: The results showed that the diversity and richness during Asian dust events were higher than them in non-Asian dust events. The total bacterial community analysis showed that at the phylum Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were the most dominant of Asian dust events and non-Asian dust events. In addition, the bacterial colony counts were higher during Asian dust event, comparing with non-Asian dust event. Conclusions: This study showed that bacterial community and richness of Asian dust samples was more complex and higher than non-Asian dust samples in Gyeonggi-do, Korea, which could affect public health and environment. Thus, the continuous monitoring of Asian dust could be an alternative for managing airborne bacteria.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.535-550
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• 2018

Total organic carbon (TOC) will replace chemical oxygen demand ($COD_{Mn}$) as an effluent water quality standard in public sewage treatment works (PSTWs) from 2021 in Korea. To ensure effective control of TOC in the effluent, investigation was carried out into TOC levels and sewage treatment operation factors in five target PSTWs using anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic ($A_2O$) processes, media, membrane, and sequencing batch reactor (SBR) technologies. TOC removal efficiencies appeared to be 93-96% on average. As a fraction of TOC, biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) was reduced from 64% in the influent to 9% in the effluent in these PSTWs. During the investigation, biological treatment processes were applied flexibly for operation factors such as HRT, SRT, MLSS, F/M ratios and BOD volume loads, based on the influent characteristics and design conditions. As a result, we suggest efficient operating conditions in PSTWs by evaluating relationships between TOC removal and operation factors.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.99-103
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• 2010

Integrated management systems (IMS) that control entire sewerage facilities in the upper reaches of multi-purpose dams are being constructed for their efficient operation and management. However, because the IMS installed in a watershed belong to several local government bodies, significant conflict would be expected between stakeholders in the process of deciding who should control the IMS after completion of the construction that was initially implemented under the support of central government. The objective of this study was to suggest a decision making to determine who should control the IMS for sewerage facilities in the upper reaches of multipurpose dams in Korea, using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Three alternatives were selected to determine who should control the IMS for sewerage facilities: commissioning to public corporations, commissioning to private corporations, and a role-sharing partnership. In using the AHP technique, the emphasis was on comparing public interests, economics, efficiency, sustainability, specialty, grievance mediation and receptiveness. As a result, building a role-sharing partnership received the highest score. Commissioning to a special institute was also suggested as an alternative as this showed a score similar to that of building a role-sharing partnership.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.43-44
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• 1982

What I would like to expect about this mater is that Korea would develop unique techniques of the waste water which are most suitable to social and other relevant conditions of that country, not entirely following models of sewerage construction of U.S.A. or European countries or Japan. Some cements will be made in the followings: (1) The investigation for the diffusion of seperated simple public sewerag, not the large scale sewerage treatment plant. (2) The plan for non-mixed treatment of lining waste water and industrial waste water. (3) Suggestion for "a man of ability" at the university education to cultivate a technologist of facilities and the elemental watchman at the sewerage maintenance.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.42
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• pp.50-60
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• 2000

In this presentation I would like to introduce the Rural Sewerage Project, subsidized by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), for the purpose of water quality conservation and improvement of life in rural areas of Japan. Specifically, it will cover background information on the inauguration of the Project, its strong points, wastewater technology and some of its problems, system of the Project, etc.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1327-1331
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• 2008

The study aims to enhance the trenchless replacement of old sewerage. The trenchless replacement was designed as real size and tested in the field of construction. This trenchless replacement was new technology in construction. The result was good performance in the construction. In the future, the trenchless replacement should be use as the exchange equipment of old sewerage.