• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1999

Objectives. Few studies have attempted to explain the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity in Korea Especially the studies on same race with different SES at same time are good for SES influence estimation. The present study highlights the influence of SES of parents on adolescent obesity. The subjects are the same race, but live in different areas, with different SES, Seoul and Yangpung in Korea, and Yanbian in China. Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Mar-Jun 1996. We carried out anthropometry, 24 hour-recall diet survey, self-reported questionnaire about sociodemographic characteristics and physical activity. For SES indicators, we used income and education of parents. Results. The relationship between SES of parents, defined as educational status, and obesity in boys in Korea and China is direct, but not significant. The relationship is inverse and nonsignificant among Korean girls, However, for the Korean girls in severe obesity, the relationship is significant. For the Korean-Chinese girls, there is an inverse relationship between the education level and obesity but a direct relationship between the income level of parents and obesity. For the Korean adolescent, there are a direct association between the SES of parents and the nutrients factors such as energy, protein, and fat intake. The energy expenditure of adolescent has no relationship with SES of parents. Conclusion. Among boys, the higher the SES, the greater the risk of obese. Among girls in Korea and Korean-Chinese, on the other hand, the lower the educational status of parents, the greater the risk of obese.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.159-170
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• 2008

This study was carried out for the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in obese middle school students. The subjects were 104 obese adolescents of 4 middle schools in Namwon city, Jeonbuk. Average age of the subjects was 12.2 years old, BMI of mild obesity group, moderate obesity group and severe obesity group were 24.6kg/m2, 27.5kg/m2, and 31.8 kg/m2, respectively. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in obese students was 2.9%. And the person who has more than 2 out of 5 symptoms was 22.1%, and more than 1 was 39.4%. The prevalence of each symptoms were abdomen obesity(46.2%), hyper triglyceride(23.1%), high blood pressure(20.2%), high HDLcholesterol(2.9%), but the hyper glycemia had not been found. Nutrient intakes of 3 groups were not significantly different, energy was 1817.9kcal, carbohydrate was 265.7g, protein was 72.2g, and fat was 51.9g. Nutrient adequacy ratio(NAR) of protein, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B1, niacin, vitamin C was proper, except calcium. Seventy point two percent of the obese students knew 'obesity is a disease', and 49.0% of the subjects didn't know the complication of the obesity. Only 27.9% of the obese adolescents took nutrition education class, but 51.9% of them thought nutrition education was necessary. We suggest that the nation enforce the policy for early detection and treatment of obesity for adolescents. Obese students and their parents should take nutrition education.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.626-635
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• 2018

점차 심각해지고 있는 중국 청소년 비만예방 메시지 개발을 위해 본 연구는 비만 관여도과 메시지 프레이밍 유형 간의 상호작용, 비만 관여도와 증거 유형 간의 상호작용이 비만예방 태도와 행동의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 메시지 프레이밍 유형은 이익 프레이밍과 손실 프레이밍으로 구분하였고, 증거는 개인 경험을 바탕으로 하는 내러티브와 객관적 수치에 기반한 통계적 형식으로 구분하였다. 중국 청소년 368명이 참여한 연구 분석 결과 수용자의 관여도, 메시지 프레이밍과 증거 유형이 비만예방 태도와 행동의도에 유의미한 영향을 보였다. 관여도가 높은 집단은 손실 프레임과 통계적 증거에 노출되었을 때 더 긍정적 비만예방 태도와 행동의도를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 관여도가 낮은 집단은 이익 프레임과 내러티브에 노출되었을 때 더 긍정적 비만예방 태도와 행동의도를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 관여도가 높은 집단을 설득하기 위해서는 통계에 바탕을 둔 손실프레이밍을, 관여도가 낮은 집단을 설득하기 위해서는 내러티브에 바탕을 둔 이익프레이밍을 제시할 것을 제안한다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.436-444
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• 2002

This study surveyed 146 obese elementary school children(94 male and 52 female) in Seoul, and measured height, body weight, degree of obesity, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, serum lipid profiles and liver function. The hypertension was above 95 percentile depending on age and sex. and the hyperglycemia was defined as above 110mg/dl. The hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were defined as above 200mg/dl, 160mg/dl, repectively. The abnormal liver function was considered as elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALT>35IU/L)or aspartate aminotransferase(AST>35IU/L). The results were as follows: 1. The mean degree of obesity was $29.56\pm12.56\%$, and the percentage of overweight was $18.5\%$, mild obesity $41.1\%$, moderate obesity $35.6\%$, severe obesity $4.8\%$ respectively in surveyed children. 2. The systolic blood pressure was $108.34\pm13.73mmHg$, diastolic blood pressure was $67.46\pm8.27mmHg$. 3. FBS was $93.79\pm6.51mg/dl$. 4. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, ALT and AST were $183.34\pm31.38mg/dl$. $115.55\pm56.43mg/dl,\;24.08\pm18.42IU/L,\; 28.73\pm10.45IU/L,$ respectively. 5. The prevalence of complications was $47.2\%$ : hypertension$(13\%)$, hyperglycemia$(0.7\%)$, hypercholesterolemia$(23.3\%)$, hypertriglyceridemia$(17.1\%)$, and liver dysfunction$(21.9\%)$. In conclusion. childhood obesity is associated with various risk factors. Therefore, the aggressive approaches to successful prevention, early detection, and effective treatment of obesity in children are urgently required.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.832-839
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to survey the prevalence of obesity assessed on the basis of height and weight among students in primary and secondary schools in the metropolitan area of Seoul, Korea during the period of 1979 to 1996. The major findings are as follows ; 1) The fiftieth percentile values of BMI have increased more in mid-ranged age group than upper(16-17 years old) and lower(6-7 years old) ranged age groups. 2) The prevalence of obesity by standard weight of height was higher among male students than female students and students in the primary schools showed higher weight increase than adolescent age(12-17 years old) group. As a whole, the prevalence of obesity over last 18 years has increased 4.6 times in males and 3.2 times in females. 3) Judged on the basis of the BMI 90th, 95th percentile values of 1979 , the prevalence of obesity among male students showed higher increases than among female students. Higher increase was also observed among primary school students than among middle and high school students. Increase of weight was higher for the $\geq$95th percentile group than the 90-95th percentile group. 4) Judged on the basis of the BMI, 90th, 95 th percentile values of NHANES-I, the $\geq$95th percentile group showed higher increase in the prevalence of obesity than the 90-95th percentile group. According to the 1996 data, severe obesity group ($\geq$95th percentile) was about two times of NHANES-I in male primary school students, while the number for female middle and high school students was about 1/5 of NHANES-I.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2023년도 임시총회 및 춘계학술대회
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• pp.55-55
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• 2023

With the COVID-19 pandemic, there is increasing interest in anti-obesity strategies. According to the National Statistical Office, the obesity rate in Korea was 38.3% in 2020 and 37.1% in 2021. Obesity is a risk factor for several severe diseases, including stroke, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer. Pinus rigida × Pinus taeda is a hybrid of Pinus rigida Mill and Pinus taeda Linn, and its cones are considered a by-product. Although previous studies have investigated their pharmacological effects on antioxidant activity and protection against oxidative DNA damage, few researchers have explored their potential as functional natural materials. Therefore, we evaluated the anti-obesity effects of the cone of ethyl acetate fraction of P. rigida × P. taeda (ERT), specifically its ability to inhibit lipid accumulation. Our analysis showed that ERT contains phytochemicals (catechin and caffeic acid) which are known to improve immune function and inhibit cell damage. ERT inhibited lipid droplet accumulation at the cellular levels through Oil Red O staining. Furthermore, ERT suppressed the expression of adipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ and CEBP/α) as well as downstream lipogenic target genes (FAS and SREBP-1) thereby inhibiting adipogenesis. ERT also down-regulated key adipogenic markers, including aP2α, while inducing the phosphorylation of AMPK. It has been reported that PPARγ and CEBP/α are expressed in the early stages of adipose differentiation, while SREBP-1 is expressed in the late stage. Therefore, our findings suggest that ERT activates AMPK signaling pathways, which inhibits adipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP1) and lipogenic genes (FAS and aP2α), thereby blocking lipid accumulation and preventing obesity and related disorders. ERT showed potential as a new resource for developing a functional material for anti-obesity agents.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2006

2004년 5월부터 7월까지 광주광역시 일부지역 관내 28개 초등학교 31,510명(남자 16,653명, 여자 14,857명)의 신장과 체중의 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 대한소아과학회(홍창희, 2003)에서 나온 소아발육표준치를 기준으로 신장별 표준 체중표를 이용하여 비만도(%)=(실측체중-신장별 표준체중)/신장별 표준체중*100로 산출하였다. 산출된 비만도는 20~29.9%는 경도비만, 30~49.9%는 중증도 비만, 50%이상은 고도비만으로 분류하여 SAS PC+ 8.0 program을 이용하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 신장과 체중은 학년이 올라감에 따라 남학생과 여학생 모두 학년 간에 유의하게 향상하였다 (p<.001). 저학년에서는 여학생이 남학생 보다 신장이 작았으나 4학년때 키가 비슷해지고 5, 6학년에는 여학생이 남학생보다 신장이 큰것으로 나타났으며, 4학년을 제외한 모든 학년에서 남학생과 여학생의 신장은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p< .001). 모든 학년에서 남학생의 체중은 여학생의 체중보다 무거웠으며, 6학년을 제외하고는 남학생과 여학생의 체중은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p< .001). 2. 초등학교 학생의 비만율은 전체가 10.3%이었고, 남학생 (11.6%)이 여학생(8.8%)보다 비만율이 높았으며, 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p< .001). 특히 4학년 남학생의 비만율이 13.7%로 가장 높았다. 비만아동의 분포는 남학생의 경우는 경도비만이 6.5%, 중등도비만 4.4%, 고도비만 0.7% 순이었고, 여학생의 경우는 경도비만 5.2%, 중등도비만 3.1%, 고도비만 0.4% 순으로 나타났다. 3. 비만도별 비만아동 실태는 전체 비만아동은 3,231명으로 경도비만이 57.4%, 중등도비만이 37.1%, 고도비만이 5.5%로 나타났다. 남학생의 경우는 경도비만 55.9%, 중등도비만 38.0%, 고도비만 6.0% 순이었고, 여학생의 경우는 경도비만 59.5%, 중등도비만 35.8%, 고도비만 4.7% 순으로 나타났다. 또한 비만도가 30% 이상인 중증도 이상의 비만아동은 여학생보다 남학생의 비율이 높았다. 4. 학년에 대한 성별 비만율은 1학년 (p< .05), 4-6학년 (p< .001)에서 남학생이 여학생보다 비만율 높았으며 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 5. 고학년 학생 (11.0%)의 비만율이 저학년학생(9.5%)보다 높았으며 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p< .001). 이상의 결과들을 종합하여 보면 초등학생의 비만율은 여학생보다 남학생에서, 저학년보다 고학년에서 더 높게 나타났다. 아동비만은 점차 증가하고 있고 질병의 이환과 밀접한 관계가 있으므로 비만을 예방하고 체계적으로 관리할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발 실시하되, 비만율이 높은 고학년의 남학생을 중점적으로 관리해야함을 시사한다.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2007

Objective : Obesity has been considered to be associated with numerous physical, mental and psychological diseases. Depression, which is a major psychological factor affecting occurrence and treatment of obesity, can be a cause of obesity as well as can be triggered by obesity. This study aimed to find out the need of positive consideration to the existence of depressive mood in the management of obesity. Methods : A total of 101 subjects were enrolled among those who were 60 years old and over at one local clinic. Obese group (n=49) was defined as BMI${\geqq}$25 and normal weight group (n=52) as 20$5.2{\pm}2.5$) was significantly higher than that of the normal weight group ($3.8{\pm}1.7$)(p<0.05). In male subjects, there was no significant difference in the mean GDSSF-K score between both groups, but in female subjects, the mean GDSSF-K score of the obese group, $6.4{\pm}2.6$ was significantly higher than that of the normal weight group ($4.0{\pm}1.8$)(p<0.05). Conclusion : The elderly obese group showed higher depressive scale score than elderly normal weight group, especially in female elderly. Since the elderly obese female group had a depressive predisposition, comprehensive management including mental and psychological approach is required in obesity control programs.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.803-813
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anthropometric and blood biochemical characteristics, the dietary behaviors and health-related lifestyles of obese children in Incheon. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using anthropometric measurements, biochemical assessments and questionnaire analysis. The subjects included 7,055 obese children residing in the Incheon area (from 106 elementary schools). The degree of obesity was classified using the Obesity Index (OI) as light 20% ＜ OI ＜ 30% ; Medium 30% ＜ OI ＜ 50% ; Severe 50% ＞ OI. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 10.0 program. Most subjects fell within the medium range of obesity. Most subjects had dietary problems such as overeating, unbalanced meals and skipping breakfast. The ratio of boy subjects eating green and yellow vegetables was lowe. when compared to that of the girl subjects. The boy subjects exercised more frequently and longer than the girls. As the Obesity Index increased, hypercholesterolemia significantly increased. The blood cholesterol levels of the subjects were positively correlated with body fat, waist/hip ratio and BMI; HDL cholesterol levels of the subjects were negatively correlated with the anthropometric data and the LDL cholesterol levels of the subjects were positively correlated with body fat. The blood triglycerides levels of the subjects were positively correlated with body weight, body fat, waist/hip ratio and BMI. Therefore, proper nutritional education and intervention are required for an improvement of obese children＇s dietary behavior, heath-related factors and blood lipid profiles.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2012

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex multisystem genetic disorder characterized by hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. The main clinical features include neonatal hypotonia, distinctive facial features, overall developmental delay, and poor growth in infancy, followed by overeating with severe obesity, short stature, and hypogonadism later in development. This paper reviews recent updates regarding the genetic aspects of this disorder. Three mechanisms (paternal deletion, maternal disomy, and deficient imprinting) are recognized. Maternal disomy can arise because of 4 possible mechanisms: trisomy rescue (TR), gamete complementation (GC), monosomy rescue (MR), and postfertilization mitotic nondisjunction (Mit). Recently, TR/GC caused by nondisjunction at maternal meiosis 1 has been identified increasingly, as a result of advanced maternal childbearing age in Korea. We verified that the d3 allele increases the responsiveness of the growth hormone (GH) receptor to endogenous GH. This paper also provides an overview of endocrine dysfunctions in children with PWS, including GH deficiency, obesity, sexual development, hypothyroidism, and adrenal insufficiency, as well as the effects of GH treatment. GH treatment coupled with a strictly controlled diet during early childhood may help to reduce obesity, improve neurodevelopment, and increase muscle mass. A more active approach to correct these hormone deficiencies would benefit patients with PWS.