• Title/Summary/Keyword: Settlement Parks

Search Result 14, Processing Time 0.016 seconds

Distribution of naturalized plants in historic sites and urban park of Gyeongju-si, South Korea (경주시 주요 사적지 및 도시공원의 귀화식물 분포)

  • Song, Imgeun;Park, Seonjoo
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
    • /
    • v.37 no.2
    • /
    • pp.144-154
    • /
    • 2019
  • The flora of naturalized plants in historic sites, urban parks and stream of Gyeongju-si, South Korea were summarized as 84 taxa including 21 families, 59 genera, 78 species, 1 subspecies, and 5 varieties. Direct investigation was conducted in a historic site with 68 taxa, a neighborhood park with 43 taxa, a stream with 59 taxa and a small park with 42 taxa at 86 sites. Among them, 31.0% (Naturalized Degree (ND) 3) was common but not abundant, 29.8% (ND 5) was common and an abundant plant, 20.2% (ND 2) was local and not an abundant plant. 7 taxa such as Lactuca scariola, Symphyotrichum pilosum, Rumex acetosella were invasive alien species. Lactuca scariola was the most abundant with 41.9%, Symphyotrichum pilosum was more abundant around stream with 34.9%, and Rumex acetosella was abundant on historic sites or small park with 25.6% in all the surveyed sites. To prevent spread of invasive alien species, monitoring may be required, especially, in early settlement stage. A proper management plan needs to be incorporated through physical removal of those plants, substitution of soil and so on.

Indicators and Planning Features of Ecologically Based Urban Regeneration -Cases from Hamburg, Germany and Copenhagen, Denmark (생태기반형 도시재생의 계획지표 및 특성에 관한 연구 -독일 함부르크와 덴마크 코펜하겐 사례를 중심으로)

  • Rhee, Bum-Hun;Chang, Dong-Min
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
    • /
    • v.19 no.10
    • /
    • pp.158-166
    • /
    • 2018
  • Contrary to urban development, urban regeneration is a process of land development through conservation, restoration, and management. In particular, ecologically based urban regeneration is an attempt to improve the quality of life in an area, establish a stable settlement space, and revitalize the local economy by considering the ecological environment. In this regard, the objectives of this study were to establish theoretical concepts and analyze the successful foreign cases of ecologically based urban regeneration, and propose a direction of socio-economic regeneration along with the physical-environmental regeneration of urban areas in Korea. The study results suggest the following. First, strategies must be developed to coordinate public transportation, such as buses and subways, by considering the importance of bicycle riders, along with the sustainable-commuting system. Second, both the importance of planning parks and trails around water systems in various scales while maintaining the existing natural environment as well as using natural elements, such as electric vehicles and wind-power generation systems, were emphasized. Third, urban regeneration for increased energy efficiency requires specific architectural planning and facilities. Fourth, education and research for easy access by the public, as well as public-private partnership, will be needed in the regeneration process.

An Evaluation on Use Suitability of Recreation Resource in Natural Parks (자연공원 휴양자원의 이용적합성 평가)

  • 배민기;신원섭
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
    • /
    • v.17 no.3
    • /
    • pp.285-294
    • /
    • 2003
  • The purpose of this paper is to provide useful knowledge for recreation management in natural park(NP) by evaluating use suitability of recreation resource. We had obtained data through a questionnaire, which surveyed 385 visitors at 6 of the 73 NP in Korea in 2001, based on stratified sampling method. We have analyzed the data using the multiple regression method. We found that 1) in bivariate analysis, the relationships between use suitability and all the recreation resources are fairly high and statistically significant. The higher the degree of recreation resources, the higher the degree of use suitability. 2) in multivariate analysis, topography, social resource(SR), cultural resource(CR), landscape, smell, color and sound(SCS) have been turned out to be statistically significant at one percent level. 3) the direction of relationship between topography, SR, CR, landscape, SCS and use suitability is same. 4) in relative contribution of the use suitability of recreation resource, level of topography has been turned out to have about 1.05, 1.56, 2.16 and 2.70 times more important than that of SCS, SR, landscape, topography, respectively This results will be used for a criterion for recreation resource evaluation and a settlement of management priority and increasing user's satisfaction.

A comparative study between Korea and the USA on the development process in retail trade & its changing locations (소매업의 발달과정과 입지 변화에 관한 한.미 비교 연구)

  • Jeon, Kyung-Sook
    • Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
    • /
    • v.6 no.2
    • /
    • pp.21-40
    • /
    • 2000
  • The retail trades in many countries have changed recently according to the high quality, diversification, and marked individuality of consumer needs. Under the continually competing system of the WTO agreement, corporations based in the USA and the EU try to raise their market share in other countries so it is inevitable for Korean retail enterprises to compete with them. This paper is aimed at contributing to the efficient growth for Korean retail trade from the analysis of the development process in retail trade and its changing locations comparing Korea and the USA. Retailers in the USA have practiced diversified marketing strategies considerably in order to survive in a rapidly changing retailing environment. American retailing, which has the most advanced marketing system in the world, has been of growing concern to marketing strategies in Korea. The following is a brief summary of this study. 1. Speedy and higher quality consumption is needed in accordance with the great increase in the single-family household and the female labor force participation both in Korea and in the USA. Senior citizens have become a new consumer group due to the aging population. In the future the retail trade will switch over to diversified retail formats and internet shopping as countries are transformed into information and communication societies. 2. In Korea, the former retail system characterized by markets and department stores has been greatly changed since the late 1980s with emphasis on high quality and convenience in consumption behaviors, with large domestic enterprises and foreign distribution corporations participating in Korean retailing. In the USA, retailing mergers and takeovers by major retails, bankruptcies, and extra-large shopping centers have emerged since the late 1980s. Recently, the USA retailing formats have been changed from the lower price-oriented discount types to the large scale theme parks. Much emphasis was put on entertainment, resorts, and convention centers. On the other hand, non-store types, such as the internet shopping, the CATV shopping, as well as catalog and mail-order sales are drastically increasing, although the proportion of their sales is low up to now. 3. In Korea, most of the retail facilities are concentrated in Seoul and the Metropolitan Region, and the distribution ratio of facilities came to 52% in 1997. The periodic markets, traditional markets which open on a periodic basis, are located mainly in Chollanam-do and Kyungsangbuk-do. The large-sized discount stores have expanded their locations to the over-crowded apartment complexes in new towns, located in the Metropolitan Region, and the large provincial cities, unlike the suburban locations in the USA. Therefore we needed to give attention to the locational relations in retail facilities between Seoul & the Metropolitan Region and rural settlement areas. In the USA, urban areas grew quickly with the development of the automobile in the 1920s, and the location of stores changed from a dispersed style centering around rural areas to a centralized one in urban areas. There is an accelerated growth for suburban areas, which have grown rapidly since 1950. As the membership warehouse clubs were introduced in the 1970s, the decentralization of location was more intensified. On the other hand, inner cities were revitalized by rearranging existing facilities to cope with suburban areas. And the location-free virtual retailing & TV shopping are also growing every year. 4. In view of the above, the continuous and desirable development devices in Korean retail trade are summarized as follows: First, the countermeasures against economies of scale, increase in retailing sales, and rise of a employment percentage in retailing are in need. Second, a scheme of lowering the proportion of food retail sales, and increasing a ratio of durable goods sales need to be worked out. Third, the original ideas are needed to apply positively information, communication and technology to retailing, to graft the traditional types on modem ones based on the social culture. Fourth, strategies are needed to strengthen the competitiveness of our retail trade through cooperation and chains of smaller retailers, the large enterprises participating in the distribution industry. Fifth, in order to realize the above, the retail industry, the administration, and the academic world should support the retail segment with concern and a practical strategy plan.

  • PDF