• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.451-456
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• 2008

In this paper. we experimented and analyzed about evaporation and breaking process of filament by external flames and adsorption pattern in lamp bulb of evaporated filament particle according to the set-up directions of incandescent lamps. In the results of experiments, we could know that filament evaporation behavior of incandescent lamp that is established by down direction happened most vigorously and is difference in adsorption pattern of filament particle that is vaporized according to set-up directions. Also, glass bulbs were melted and filaments were evaporated by external flames, and finally molten marks were discriminated. We expect that become important data that this study finding reveals burnout cause of incandescent lamp in scene of a fire.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.43-52
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• 1989

This study deals with the standardization of anthropometric terms related to body measurement points and lines that are to be the basis in body measurement. It investigates the state-of-the art of anthropometric terms used among middle and high schools, universities, dressmaking schools, and experts and set up the directions of standardization. According to the directions, 39 body measurement points and 9 body measurement lines were studied and a draft standards on anthropometric terms was suggested.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.861-867
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• 2021

SBRT는 1회나 또는 3~5회에 걸쳐 치료 Fraction이 30분에서 최대 1시간 걸리므로 치료 중 자세오차가 발생할 가능성이 있다. 이러한 set-up의 오차를 줄이고 정확한 선량을 주기위해 SBRT 환자 치료 시 치료 전 CBCT를 사용하여 보정 후 좌표 값들을 적용하여 치료한 값과 치료 후 긴 치료시간으로 인해 자세 움직임 여부를 확인하기 위해 다시 CBCT를 촬영하여 치료 전.,후 오차 값들의 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 계통오차 범위는 평균적으로 X, Y, Z축에서 0.032~0.17 cm으로 나타나 치료 후에도 움직임의 변화가 매우 적음을 확인하였다. 호흡동조에 의한 종양 중심체 변화 (±SD)는 X, Y 및 Z 방향에서 0.11(±0.12) cm, 0.27(±0.15) cm, 0.21cm(±0.31cm)였다. 종양 에지 (±SD)은 각각 X, Y및 Z 방향에서 0.21(±0.18) cm, 0.30(±0.23) cm, 0.19cm(±0.26) cm이었다. 종양 교정된 변위의 (±SD)은 각각 RL, AP 및 SI 방향에서 0.03(±0.16) cm, 0.05(±0.26) cm, 0.02(±0.23) cm이었다. 3차원 벡터 값의 범위는 치료 전과 CBCT를 비교했을 때 평균적으로 0.11~0-.18 cm 교정된 셋업 오차는 0.3 cm 이내에 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서, 일부 나이가 많은 환자, 치료 당일 컨디션, 체형에 따라 다소 값들의 변화가 있었지만 유의 범위 내에 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.44-47
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• 2002

In order to make a doubly curved sheet metal effectively, a sheet metal forming process has been developed by adopting the flexibility of the incremental forming process and the principle of bending deformation which causes slight deformation to thickness. The developed process is an unconstrained forcing process with no holder. For this study, the experimental equipment is set up with the roll set which consists of two pairs of support rolls and one center roll. In the experiments using aluminum sheets and FEM simulation, it is found that the curvature of the formed sheet metal is determined by controlling the distance between supporting rolls in pairs and the forming depth of the center roll. The FEM simulation of the forming process using the roll set along the one path shows the distributions of the curvatures in two directions along the path, and gives information about the characteristics of the proposed forming process.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2018

Purpose: To investigate set-up errors, suggest the adequate planning target volume (PTV) margin and image-guided radiotherapy frequency in head and neck (H&N) cancer treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) assessed by kV cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: We analyzed 360 CBCTs in 60 patients with H&N cancer treated with IMRT. The target delineation was contoured according to ICRU62. PTVs were generated by adding a 3-5 mm margin in all directions to the respective clinical target volumes. The kV CBCT images were obtained at first three days of irradiation and weekly thereafter. The overall mean displacement, range, systematic (${\Sigma}$) and random (${\sigma}$) errors were calculated. Adequate PTV margins were calculated according to the van Herk formula ($2.5{\Sigma}+0.7r$). Results: The mean of set-up errors was less than 2 mm in any direction. The overall frequency of set-up displacements greater than 3 mm was 3.9% in medial-lateral (ML) direction, 8% in superior-inferior (SI) direction, and 15.5% in anterior-posterior (AP) direction. The range of translations shifts was 0-9 mm in ML direction, 0-5 mm in SI direction and 0-10 mm in AP direction, respectively. After systematic set-up errors correction, the adequate margin to overcome the problem of set-up errors was found to be less than 3 mm. Conclusion: Image-guided kV CBCT was effective for the evaluation of set-up accuracy in H&N cancer. The kV CBCT at first three fractions and followed-by weekly appears adequate for reducing significantly set-up errors in H&N cancer treated with IMRT technique. Finally, 3-5 mm PTV margins appear adequate and safe to overcome the problem of set-up errors.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.179-189
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 지문의 방향분포를 기반으로 하여 전처리과정을 최소화하고 특징벡터의 크기를 축소하여 개인의 인증 및 인식 시스템에서의 시스템 처리속도와 검색속도 향상을 주된 연구목적으로 하였다. 지문의 방향분포는 지문의 융선과 골이 이루는 부분적인 방향성분의 집합으로서 가버필터 뱅크를 통해 8-방향 성분들로 추출된다. 이렇게 생성된 방향분포는 불연속적인 특성을 갖게 되는데 이를 연속적인 방향성분으로 근사화하여 방향영상으로 시각화한다. 이 후 지문의 중심 이 되는 기준점을 설정하고 기준점으로부터 32-방향, 6-단계 거리에 미리 정해진 192개 지점에서의 방향성분값들을 추출하여 특징벡터를 생성한다. 그 결과 기존의 다른 알고리즘보다 작은 크기의 특징벡터를 사용함으로써 전체 처리속도는 훨씬 증가하면서도 같은 수준의 인식률을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.78.2-78.2
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• 2012

We have studied how the intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) affects the propagation of super-GZK iron nuclei that originate from extragalactic sources within the local GZK sphere. Toward this end, we set up hypothetical sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic-rays (UHECRs), virtual observers, and the magnetized cosmic web in a model universe constructed from cosmological structure formation simulations. We then arranged a set of reference objects at high density region to represent astronomical objects formed in the large scale structure (LSS). With our model IGMF, the paths of UHE iron nuclei are deflected on average by about 70 degrees, which might indicate a nearly isotropic distribution of arrival directions. However, the separation angle between the arrival directions and the nearest reference object on the LSS is only ~6 degrees, which is twice the mean distance to the nearest neighbors among the reference objects. This means that the positional correlation of observed UHE iron events with their true sources would be erased by the IGMF, but the correlation with the LSS itself is to be sustained. We discuss implications of our findings for correlations studies of real UHECR events.