• Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
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• 2001.02a
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• pp.499-520
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• 2001

◈ B2B e-commerce is set to grow significantly in the next 5 years ◈ There is a growing trend towards leveraging the information asset to win new business in the Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) market ◈ After-market service is forecast to be a significant element of the B2B market ◈ Existing standards do not fully address the product support requirement ◈ PLCS standards will allow support information to be aligned with the changing product over its entire life cycle ◈ Adoption of PLCS standard will lead to reduced operating costs and increased product availability.(omitted)

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.10b
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• pp.30-35
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• 1993

Simple recurrence relations for calculating completion times of various storage polices (unlimited, intermediate storages(FIS), finite intermediate storages(FIS), no intermediate storage(NIS), zero wait(ZW) for serial multi-product multi-unit processes are suggested. Not only processing times but also transfer times, set-up (clean-up) times of units and set-up times of storages are considered. Optimal scheduling strategies with zero transfer times and zero set-up times had been developed as a mixed integer linear programniing(MILP) formulation for several intermediate storage policies. In this paper those with non-zero transfer times, non-zero set-up times of units and set-up times of storages are newly proposed as a mixed integer nonlinear programming(MINLP) formulation for various storage polices (UIS, NIS, FIS, and ZW). Several examples are tested to evaluate the robustness of this strategy and reasonable computation times.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1341-1356
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• 2018

The author devotes this paper to defining a new class of generalized soft open sets, namely soft somewhere dense sets and to investigating its main features. With the help of examples, we illustrate the relationships between soft somewhere dense sets and some celebrated generalizations of soft open sets, and point out that the soft somewhere dense subsets of a soft hyperconnected space coincide with the non-null soft ${\beta}$-open sets. Also, we give an equivalent condition for the soft csdense sets and verify that every soft set is soft somewhere dense or soft cs-dense. We show that a collection of all soft somewhere dense subsets of a strongly soft hyperconnected space forms a soft filter on the universe set, and this collection with a non-null soft set form a soft topology on the universe set as well. Moreover, we derive some important results such as the property of being a soft somewhere dense set is a soft topological property and the finite product of soft somewhere dense sets is soft somewhere dense. In the end, we point out that the number of soft somewhere dense subsets of infinite soft topological space is infinite, and we present some results which associate soft somewhere dense sets with some soft topological concepts such as soft compact spaces and soft subspaces.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.47-59
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• 2005

S/W product line is a S/W product or a set of S/W system, which has common functions. We can develop a specific S/W product, which satisfiesrequirements of a particular market segment and a mission in a specific domain by reusing the core asset such as the developed S/W architecture through the S/W product line. S/W development methodology based on the S/W product line can develop a S/W more easily and fast by reusing the developed S/W core asset. An advanced country of S/W technology selects S/W product line as a core field of S/W production technology, and support technology development. In case of USA, CMU/SEI (Carnegie Mellon University / Software Engineering Institute) developed product-line framework 4.0 together with the industry and the Ministry of National Defense. Europe is supporting the development of product line technology through ITEA(IT for European Advancement) program. In this paper, we aim to construct reference architecture of S/W product line for production of the S/W product line.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.909-917
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• 2001

In this paper we define product between fuzzy ${H_v}-ideals$ of given ${H_v}-rings$. we consider the fundamental relation ${\gamma}^*$ defined on and ${H_v}-ring$ and give some properties of the fundamental relations and fundamental rings with respect to the product of fuzzy ${H_v}-ideals$.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 1988

Because of demand pattern variability and Product Liability pursuance for products, it is necessary to convert from Product Liability Defence to Product Liability Prevention. For aggravation of company environment, automation, mechanization and FMS are required, to reduce quality cost in this situation, we present the following two alternatives. (1) We solidify the PL policy by process improvement. (2) We set up sensor equipment for defective detection in its early stage.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.447-456
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• 2018

In this paper, we consider nonconstant warping functions on Einstein Lorentzian warped product manifolds $M=B{\times}_{f^2}F$ with an 1-dimensional base B which has a negative definite metric. As the results, we discuss that on M the resulting Einstein Lorentzian warped product metric is a future (or past) geodesically complete one outside a compact set.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.115-126
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• 2003

In order to examine the determinants of new product success, winning products are analyzed with a focus on merchantability. The specific dimensions of product advantage have not been studied as yet. As results of the analysis, the determinants are classified into function, aesthetics, economy, safety, usability, reliability, brand image, assurance, distribution channel, advertisement, DEF(design for the environment). This study augmented the data set through questionnaire survey to marketing professor in University. The results of this study would be a cue to the future direction of new product development and to management of exist product.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.57
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• pp.221-241
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• 2013

Country of origin is very important in terms of consumers right to know, protection of producer, national finance and tariff preference etc. The principal issues related to country of origin are breaches of origin mark, determination of origin of OEM products, domestic products using imported raw materials, exports products, and fairness of penalties. This study focus origin mark issues on key components and set products which have not been treated so far. First, Origin mark issues on key components need to introduce multiple countries of origin for the same products. Some specific products, which are considered important key components or materials, has to mark multiple country of origin in terms of portion and significance. Next, Origin mark issues on set products need to expand the objects from 15 listed items of Korea Foreign Trade Act to all items of HS tariff schedules of Korea Customs Act. A set products which below 15% of components can mark single country of origin like FTA agreement such as Korea-EU FTA, Korea-EFTA, Korea-US FTA and Korea-Peru FTA.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.55-77
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• 2011

This study investigate the interaction effects of bundle price discount framing and message framing on consumer's attitude of bundle component. Although each effect of bundle price discount framing and message framing has been explored individually, few attempts have been made to invest them jointly. This study tests the interaction effects of bundle price discount framing and message framing on consumer's evaluation of bundle component. Moreover, this research focuses on consumer's evaluation of individual bundle component while the existing research on bundling primarily focused on consumer's evaluation of the bundle. Prior research suggests that consumers are sensitive to the framing of prices and discounts in the presentation of the bundle offer. For example, there is considerable evidence that partitioning or consolidating the prices of a bundle can influence the attractiveness of the bundle offer. Similarly, there is evidence that an equivalent price reduction to the overall bundle, one of the individual products in the bundle, or distributed among the individual products in the bundle can alter the perceived attractiveness of the offer (e.g. Chakravarti, Krish, Paul, and Srivastava 2002; Hamilton and Srivastava 2008; Janiszewski and Cunha 2004; Johnson, Herrmann and Bauer 1999; ; Morwitz, Greenleaf, and Johnson 1998; Yadav 1994; 1995). In line with these earlier research, this research suggests that the bundle type can influence the consumer's evaluation of bundle component. There are two types of bundle - mixed-leader bundle and mixed-joint bundle. In mixed-leader bundling, the price of one of the two products is discounted when the other product is purchased at the regular price. In mixed-joint bundling, a single price is set when the two product are purchased jointly. This study supposes that the teeth whitening product is the leader product in a mixed-leader bundle. So bundle price discount framing is manipulated such as "Buy the teeth whitening product (regular price \80,000) and get 50% discount on the functional toothpaste(regular price \40,000), special set price \100,000" or "Buy the functional toothpaste and the teeth whitening product as a set and get discount for the set, special set price \60,000". Message framing is manipulated through the product claims described in an advertising bill. The positive framing presents that "Over 95% of users achieved the expected 2-3 shades of improvement in two weeks" where as the negative framing presents "less than 5% of users did not achieve the expected 2-3 shades of improvement in two weeks". This study uses hypothetical brand name of the teeth whitening product and the functional toothpaste This study is based on a 2x2 factorial design with bundle discount framing (mixed-leader bundle vs. mixed-joint bundle) and massage framing (positive vs. negative). The dependant variables are consumer's perceived quality and attitude of the teeth whitening product The data reveals that two dependant variables are correlated, so the data is analyzed with two-way MANOVA. This research explores the significant interaction effect of bundle discount framing and message framing on consumer's perceived quality and attitude of the teeth whitening product. When the message framing is positive, consumer's perceived quality and attitude of the teeth whitening product is higher in mixed-leader bundle than mixed-joint bundle condition. However, when the message framing is negative, consumer's evaluation is higher in mixed-joint bundle than mixed-leader bundle. The author explains this result by stating that consumers are less likely to use heuristics such as price-quality association and value discounting hypothesis(Raghubir 2004) in the negative message framing condition. Additionally, consumer's perceived risk of the teeth whitening product in the negative message framing condition can be more reduced by the bundle partner(e.g. the toothpaste) in mixed-joint bundle than mixed-leader bundle. Based on the results, marketing managers are advised to use different bundle type based on message framing of their product.