• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.391-395
• /
• 2011

To investigate the anticipatory effect on landing patterns during side-cutting maneuver, thirteen healthy female elite college soccer players participated in this study. Three-dimensional knee kinematics, effective mass and correlation between both these were measured and analyzed using a motion analysis and force plates. Each testing session included anticipated tasks, $45^{\circ}$ side-cutting tasks (AC), followed by a set of unexpected side-cutting (UC) in a random order. Knee flexion/extension, valgus/varus and internal/external rotation angles and effect mass were compared by using paired t-test. Also, correlation analysis was performed to identify the relationship between knee angles and effective mass. Effective mass during UC was greater than that during AC. Effective mass and maximum knee flexion angle were positively correlated during AC and not during UC. Based on the relationship between effective mass and knee flexion angle in AC, shock absorption can be controlled by knee joint flexion in pre-predicted movement condition. However, effective mass can not be controlled by knee flexion in UC condition. The unexpected load affects were more irregular on the knee joint, which may be one of the injury mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in female soccer players.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
• /
• 2000.11a
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2000

The paper is addressed to the topic of physiological response-specificity in disgust induced by visual stimulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate reproducibility of physiological reactivity pattern during disgust elicited by the International Affective Pictures System (IAPS) in 2 experiments. Twenty-nine subjects participated in the first experiment with 3 visual stimulation sessions with disgust-eliciting slides (3 slides in each 1 min long session). In the second experiment disgust-eliciting slides from the IAPS were presented to 42 subjects in 2 sessions (one slide for 1 min). Spectral power of frontal EEG, skin conductance (SCL, SCR and NS.SCR), heart rate(HR), heart period variability(HPV) and respiration rate were recorded. Visual stimulation evoked 1:.n deceleration, higher power of high frequency component of HPV, increased SCL and NS.SCR frequency, frontal slow alpha blocking and moderate increase in fast beta power in most of the sessions in both experiments. However in the second experiment the EEG pattern associated with disgust showed inconsistent shifts in fast alpha and slow beta bands, but was marked by higher power of theta activity. Our data in both experiments emphasizes presence of disgust-specific profiles of autonomic and at the less extent EEG responses in visual stimulation context. Discussed are potential behavioral mechanisms leading to observed physiological manifestations in disgust elicited by visual stimulation. The results support the consideration that disgust is an withdrawal type negative valence emotion associated with relatively low autonomic arousal (low HR, low amplitude SCRs with relatively high NS.SCR frequency) and moderate EEG activation signs. Obtained data showed more consistent reproducibility of disgust-specific autonomic rather than EEG response patterns during visual stimulation design.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.239-258
• /
• 2001

The purposes of this study are first, to develop the group counseling program based on Satir’s family sculpture technique, second to investigate the therapeutic factors of Satir’s family sculpture in group counseling. To perform this study, 8 session of time limited(3 hours) group counseling were carried out. There were 12 participants in this group. The major findings were as follows: 1) the rank order fro therapeutic factors were university, group cohesiveness, instillation of hope, family reenactment, self-understanding and altruism. 2) through the family sculpture technique, group participants saw their communication patterns. They found out that use communication patterns to hide their low self-esteem. They learned the alternative communication style. 3) the participants developed the sense of self-disclosure, empathy and trust in the group. Self disclosure, empathy and trust facilitated a deeper level of therapeutic group interaction. 4) in observing their group members do their family sculpture, participants found out that every family has some problem that the family conflict is universal thing, 5) the participants had opportunity to share their feelings that were hidden deep inside Intensive emotions following self disclosure led to catharsis, 6) the participants developed a good feeling toward their group and it led to group cohesiveness. 7) through the family sculpture technique, the participants gained a better understanding on their role and position within their families 8) through the family sculpture technique, they gained a better understanding of their family. They found their family members’ psychological positions and unfinished emotional businesses and thus they could restructure their family sculptures. 9) the participants had the opportunity to feel what it is like to become parents themselves, They became to see their parents as individuals. 10) the participants acted out what they wanted to do but could not do in the past. They saw the possibility of change and development in themselves.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.66-75
• /
• 2023

Purpose: Supportive interventions to improve breastfeeding practice are needed in nursing. This study investigated the effects of pectoralis major myofascial release massage (MRM) on breast pain and engorgement among breastfeeding mothers and on breast milk intake and sleep patterns among newborns. Methods: Breastfeeding mothers who had delivered between 37 and 43 weeks and had 7-to 14-day-old newborns were recruited from a postpartum care center in Gunpo, Korea. Participants were randomized to the MRM or control group. The outcome variables were breast pain and breast engorgement among breastfeeding mothers and breast milk intake and sleep time among newborns. The experimental treatment involved applying MRM to separate the pectoralis major muscle and the underlying breast tissue in the chest. After delivery, the first MRM session (MRM I) was provided by a breast specialist nurse, and the second (MRM II) was administered 48 hours after MRM I. Results: Following MRM, breast pain (MRM I: t=-5.38, p<.001; MRM II: t=-10.05, p<.001), breast engorgement (MRM I: right, t=-1.68, p =.100; left, t=-2.13, p=.037 and MRM II: right, t=-4.50, p<.001; left, t=-3.74, p<.001), and newborn breast milk intake (MRM I: t=3.10, p=.003; MRM II: t=3.09, p=.003) differed significantly between the groups. Conclusion: MRM effectively reduced breast engorgement and breast pain in breastfeeding mothers, reducing the need for formula supplementation, and increasing newborns' breast milk intake. Therefore, MRM can be utilized as an effective nursing intervention to alleviate discomfort during breastfeeding and to improve the rate of breastfeeding practice (clinical trial number: KCT0002436).

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.30 no.11
• /
• pp.1025-1036
• /
• 2003

In industry, it is a current trend that systems are developed by using Enterprise JavaBeans(EJB) technology for reducing the cost and the time. Thus, the architecture of EJB is getting more essential to enhance reusability, extensibility and portability of system. However little has been studied in the realm of the practical software architectures for EJB. The architecture has just bean studied in abstract level, but not in concrete level providing the method to substantiate it using the practical J2EE techniques. Just using the EJB technology doesn't guarantee the reusability of the artifacts because EJB specification provides the characteristics and architecture for only fine grained components as session and entity bean. In this paper, we propose the enterprise software architecture for the systems based on EJB and the concrete techniques for implementing that. Also, design patterns of modeling efficient enterprise architecture are represented. By analyzing both the strengths and the weaknesses of suggested design patterns, EJB design patterns which are suitable for each layer of enterprise architecture will be identified. Through the component which design patterns are applied, the architecture can support the optimized relationship between the components. Five techniques for designing components from fine grained to coarse grained based on EJB technology, and architecture design techniques including transaction and assembling techniques are proposed.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we present a new method for automatically synchronize captured facial expression data with its corresponding motion data. In a usual optical motion capture set-up, a detailed facial expression can not be captured simultaneously in the motion capture session because its resolution requirement is higher than that of the motion capture. Therefore, those are captured in two separate sessions and need to be synchronized in the post-process to be used for generating a convincing character animation. Based on the patterns of the actor's neck movement extracted from those two data, we present a non-linear time warping method for the automatic synchronization. We justify our method with the actual examples to show the viability of the method.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.75-79
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This study analyzed the immediate effects of intra-abdominal pressure with visual feedback on the muscle activation of the upper trapezius and sternomastoid during natural inspiration and forced inspiration in individuals with costal respiration. Methods: The eighteen individuals with upper costal breathing pattern participated in this study. Surface electromyography was used to analyze the muscle activity of the upper trapezius and sternomastoid during natural inspiration and forced inspiration before and after intra-abdominal pressure. Results: A significant difference in muscle activation was observed with the muscle type, inspiration type, and test session (p<0.05). The muscle activities of the sternomastoid and upper trapezius decreased significantly during forced inspiration after intra-abdominal pressure training (p<0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant difference during natural inspiration in both muscles (p>0.05). A comparison of the difference between the pre-test and post-test during forced inspiration revealed the upper trapezius to be significantly larger than the sternomastoid (p<0.05). No significant difference was noted during natural inspiration (p>0.05). Conclusion: The intra-abdominal pressure has positive effects on correcting the breathing patterns in individuals with costal respiration.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.1873-1878
• /
• 2019

Background: Walking is a complex activity. The main components of walking include balance, coordination, and symmetrical posture. The characteristics of walking patterns of stroke patients include slow walking, measured by gait cycle and walking speed. This is an important factor that reflects post-stroke quality of life and walking ability. Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of deep lumbar muscle stabilization exercise on the spatiotemporal walking ability of stroke patients. Design: Quasi-experial study Methods: The experiment was conducted 5 times per week for 4 weeks, with 30 minutes per session, on 10 subjects in the experimental group who performed the deep lumbar muscle stabilization exercise and 10 subjects in the control group who performed a regular exercise. Variables that represent the spatiotemporal walking ability (step length, stride length, step rate, and walking speed) were measured using GAITRrite before and after the experiment and were analyzed. Results: There was a significant difference in the pre- and post-exercise spatiotemporal walking ability between the two groups (p<.05). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the step rate and walking speed between the two groups (p<.05). Conclusions: Deep lumbar muscle stabilization exercise is effective in improving the walking ability of stroke patients. Therefore, its application will help improve the spatiotemporal walking ability of stroke patients.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
• /
• 1996.10a
• /
• pp.21-25
• /
• 1996

The Electomyographic (EMG) signals of flexor-extensor muscle pairs were investigated to identify the neural excitation pattern of low-back pain (LBP) patients during a repetitive bending motion. New parameters and EMG normalization technique were developed to quantitatively represent the difference of temporal EMG patterns between ten healthy subjects and ten LBP patients. Flexor-extensor muscle pairs such as rectus abdominis(RA)-erector spinae (ES at LS), external oblique(EO)-internal oblique(IO), rectus femois (quadriceps: QUD)-biceps femoris(hamstrings:HAM), and tibialis anterior(TA)-gastrocnemius(GAS) pairs of muscles were selected in this study. Results indicated that the temporal EMG pattern such as the peak timing difference of QUD-HAM muscle pair and the duration of coexcitation of ES-RA muscle pair showed a statistically isgnificant difference between healthy subjects and LBP patients. These results indicated that the new technique and parameters could be used as a diagnostic tool especially for LBP patients with soft tissue injuries that are rarely dentified by traditional imaging techniques such as X-ray, CT scan or MRI. Improtantly, the new EMG technique did not require the maximal volutary contraction(MVC) measure for normalization that helped patients minimize the pain experience during and after the session. Further study needs to be made to validate and refine this method for clinical application.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.125-143
• /
• 2018

The study consisted of a survey of the residential satisfaction level of the 3rd grade students and a survey of accessibility from farms for practical field training to public facilities. According to the geographical location of the farms on the map, the average distance to facilities related to convenience or safety and health that students complained was about 12km. And that to social and public facilities was about 4.4km. Students pointed out the convenience of using transportation, commercial and convenient facilities, and the safety of anti-crime security facilities as complaints during the practice session. Residential satisfaction levels in five realms, such as facility and structure, convenience, safety, comfort and sociality, were not all reached at the satisfaction level. In particular, the satisfaction level of female students was sub-normal in the safety and convenience realms. The average satisfaction levels reviewed by department were sub-normal for horse industry and floriculture departments. By residential patterns, satisfaction with sharing with the farmers was higher than with other patterns. And satisfaction level by housing structure was much lower in the assembly and container structures Since residential satisfaction level is determined by the inside and outside environment of the dwelling, college should provide students with accurate and vivid data using information communication technologies.