• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.5_1
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• pp.1187-1198
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• 2021

Sea wind isrecently drawing attraction as one of the sources of renewable energy. Thisstudy describes a new method to produce a 10 m resolution sea wind field using Sentinel-1 images and low-resolution NWP (Numerical Weather Prediction) data with artificial intelligence technique. The experiment for the South East coast in Korea, 2015-2020,showed a 40% decreased MAE (Mean Absolute Error) than the generic CMOD (C-band Model) function, and the CC (correlation coefficient) of our method was 0.901 and 0.826, respectively, for the U and V wind components. We created 10m resolution sea wind maps for the study area, which showed a typical trend of wind distribution and a spatially detailed wind pattern as well. The proposed method can be applied to surveying for wind power and information service for coastal disaster prevention and leisure activities.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.20-36
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• 2020

Purpose - As the global product network expands through both internationalization and diversification of the multimodal transportation system, corporate strategies have shifted to emphasize the importance of a high value-added international logistics system. To guide policies and strategies to attract relevant industries, this study aims to analyze the location competitiveness of regional logistics distribution center to serve Northeast Asia. Design/methodology - Multi-criteria techniques are considered to offer a promising framework for evaluating decision-making factors. This paper employed an analytic hierarchy process to analyze the hierarchal structure of determinants for selecting the location of a regional logistics distribution center. Adopting both qualitative and quantitative evaluations, this study suggest political implications for a regional logistics distribution center development, such as the direction of political support, service differentiation and infrastructure development. Findings - This study developed a location competitiveness evaluation model, based on the case study of the major port-cities in Northeast Asia. Evaluation model incorporates five factors underpinning 17 components extracted using factor analysis. The results revealed that the logistics factor is the most significant factor for evaluating the competitiveness of a regional logistics distribution center. The remaining factors were market, costs, and services environment. Comparing qualitative and quantitative evaluations, results provide useful insights for a regional logistics distribution center development in Northeast Asia. Originality/value - This study revealed differences between qualitative and quantitative evaluations. The finding implies that prior works on evaluation models of competitiveness has not successfully measured the gap between quantitative data and expert' evaluations. To overcome this limitation, this paper considered both actual data such as actual distance, cost, the number of companies located, and expert opinions.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.123-140
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• 2022

Recently, research on solving problems that have introduced the concept of smart city in countries and companies around the world is in progress due to various urban problems. A smart city converges the city's ICT, connects all the city's components with a network, collects and delivers data, and consists of a supply chain composed of various IoT products and services. The increase in various cyber security threats and supply chain threats in smart cities is inevitable, in addition to establishing a framework such as supply chain security policy, authentication of each data provider and service according to data linkage and appropriate access control are required in a Zero-Trust point of view. To this end, a smart city security model has been developed for smart city security threats in Korea, but security requirements related to supply chain security and zero trust are insufficient. This paper examines overseas smart city security trends, presents international standard security requirements related to ISMS-P and supply chain security, as well as security requirements for applying zero trust related technologies to domestic smart city security models.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.107-122
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• 1994

Many alternatives have been discussed to reduce the medical expenditure and to use the medical resources effectively. Many studies about the economies of scale have been done for the last several decades. This study has analyzed the relationship between the number of beds and the mean expense per hospitalization day in Korea. A Cost Function Model was identified and we wanted to see the minimum optimal size with the cheapest mean expense per hospitalization day. The result is as follows; 1. In the Cost Function Mode, (the number of beds)$^{2}$, the number of personnel, productivity and training institutions are the factors that statisticaly influence the mean expenses. 2. By the univariate analysis the mean expense proved to be the smallest as the level of 150-200bed, The breaked down of the components of expenses shows that the mean labor cost is much different from the mean value of material and administration costs, and that hospital with 150-200 beds also have the minimal expense. The mean expense goes up dramatically in hospitals of 450 beds or more. 3. When the other conditions are constant, according to the multiple regression analysis of the mean expense per adjusted hospitalization day the minimum optimal size with the cheapest expense is a hospital with 191 beds and the hospital with 230 beds takes the lowest mean labor cost. The material or administration costs are not influenced by hospital size. This research has limitation in measuring the variables that influence hospital xpenses, in estimating hospital output by the number of beds in considering outpatient cost and in securing representativeness of hospitals because many hospitals made no responses to the research questionnare. But it is valuable and helpful for development of health policy to figure out the number of beds with the cheapest expense per hospitalization day.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.45-75
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• 2006

How much influence does a business plan have on a corporate performance? Whilst previous studies and literatures all assert a strong correlation between the two, very few have actually conducted practical analyses to support that. This study takes an empirical approach in its analysis of Korea' s small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) with the view to finding an answer to the question. A business plan' s components, which have to date been suggested only in theory and in concept, have been selected through the study of literatures and preliminary examination. The selected components were then narrowed down into five factors of productivity, implementation, operational direction, product/service and customer accessibility by applying factor analysis. With which items to measure corporate performance is also an important question as results differ depending on which measurement items were used. For the purpose of this study, corporate performance was classified into effectiveness, adaptability and efficiency to measure how greatly each is influenced by the components of a business plan. Results show that effectiveness and adaptability have a positive (+) influence on corporate performance. The regression model seems to explain effectiveness particularly well. However, different directions of influences were showed in explain power of the research model were not high. And it can be interpreted that implementation of the plan is as important as the establishment of it. Thus a good corporate performance is to be had only under an excellent plan and following an excellent implementation. In most of the companies surveyed, business plans were established regularly led by the intense involvement of the CEO. Such plans were then used in internal operations, such as guiding operational direction and measuring corporate performance. Unlike general expectations, relatively few companies used them in financing from external sources such as banks or venture capitals. These findings are different from previous studies conducted in this field. Also, as market uncertainty was pointed out as the biggest obstacle to business planning. a manager must pay more attention to acquiring external information and knowledge so as to minimize it.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2018

Increasing the operation rate of components and stabilizing the operation through timely management of the core parts are crucial for improving the efficiency of the railroad maintenance industry. The demand for diagnosis technology to assess the condition of rolling stock components, which employs history management and automated big data analysis, has increased to satisfy both aspects of increasing reliability and reducing the maintenance cost of the core components to cope with the trend of rapid maintenance. This study developed a big data platform-based system to manage the rolling stock component condition to acquire, process, and analyze the big data generated at onboard and wayside devices of railroad cars in real time. The system can monitor the conditions of the railroad car component and system resources in real time. The study also proposed a machine learning technique that enabled the distributed and parallel processing of the acquired big data and automatic component fault diagnosis. The test, which used the virtual instance generation system of the Amazon Web Service, proved that the algorithm applying the distributed and parallel technology decreased the runtime and confirmed the fault diagnosis model utilizing the random forest machine learning for predicting the condition of the bearing and wheel parts with 83% accuracy.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.65-93
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• 2011

As relationship between buyer and seller has been brought closer and long-term relationship has been more important in B2B markets, the importance of service and service convenience increases as well as product. In homogeneous markets, where service offerings are similar and therefore not key competitive differentiator, providing greater convenience may enable a competitive advantage. Service convenience, as conceptualized by Berry et al. (2002), is defined as the consumers' time and effort perceptions related to buying or using a service. For this reason, B2B customers are interested in how fast the service is provided and how much save non-monetary cost like time or effort by the service convenience along with service quality. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the impact of service convenience on relationship factors such as relationship satisfaction, relationship commitment, and relationship performance. The purpose of this study is to find out whether service convenience can be a new antecedent of relationship quality and relationship performance. In addition, this study tries to examine how five-dimensional service convenience constructs (decision convenience, access convenience, transaction convenience, benefit convenience, post-benefit convenience) affect customers' relationship satisfaction, relationship commitment, and relationship performance. The service convenience comprises five fundamental components - decision convenience (the perceived time and effort costs associated with service purchase or use decisions), access convenience(the perceived time and effort costs associated with initiating service delivery), transaction convenience(the perceived time and effort costs associated with finalizing the transaction), benefit convenience(the perceived time and effort costs associated with experiencing the core benefits of the offering) and post-benefit convenience (the perceived time and effort costs associated with reestablishing subsequent contact with the firm). Earlier studies of perceived service convenience in the industrial market are none. The conventional studies that have dealt with service convenience have usually been made in the consumer market, or they have dealt with convenience aspects in the service process. This service convenience measure for consumer market can be useful tool to estimate service quality in B2B market. The conceptualization developed by Berry et al. (2002) reflects a multistage, experiential consumption process in which evaluations of convenience vary at each stage. For this reason, the service convenience measure is good for B2B service environment which has complex processes and various types. Especially when categorizing B2B service as sequential stage of service delivery like Kumar and Kumar (2004), the Berry's service convenience measure which reflect sequential flow of service deliveries suitable to establish B2B service convenience. For this study, data were gathered from respondents who often buy business service and analyzed by structural equation modeling. The sample size in the present study is 119. Composite reliability values and average variance extracted values were examined for each variable to have reliability. We determine whether the measurement model supports the convergent validity by CFA, and discriminant validity was assessed by examining the correlation matrix of the constructs. For each pair of constructs, the square root of the average variance extracted exceeded their correlations, thus supporting the discriminant validity of the constructs. Hypotheses were tested using the Smart PLS 2.0 and we calculated the PLS path values and followed with a bootstrap re-sampling method to test the hypotheses. Among the five dimensional service convenience constructs, four constructs (decision convenience, transaction convenience, benefit convenience, post-benefit convenience) affected customers' positive relationship satisfaction, relationship commitment, and relationship performance. This result means that service convenience is important cue to improve relationship between buyer and seller. One of the five service convenience dimensions, access convenience, does not affect relationship quality and performance, which implies that the dimension of service convenience is not important factor of cumulative satisfaction. The Cumulative satisfaction can be distinguished from transaction-specific customer satisfaction, which is an immediate post-purchase evaluative judgment or an affective reaction to the most recent transactional experience with the firm. Because access convenience minimizes the physical effort associated with initiating an exchange, the effect on relationship satisfaction similar to cumulative satisfaction may be relatively low in terms of importance than transaction-specific customer satisfaction. Also, B2B firms focus on service quality, price, benefit, follow-up service and so on than convenience of time or place in service because it is relatively difficult to change existing transaction partners in B2B market compared to consumer market. In addition, this study using partial least squares methods reveals that customers' satisfaction and commitment toward relationship has mediating role between the service convenience and relationship performance. The result shows that management and investment to improve service convenience make customers' positive relationship satisfaction, and then the positive relationship satisfaction can enhance the relationship commitment and relationship performance. And to conclude, service convenience management is an important part of successful relationship performance management, and the service convenience is an important antecedent of relationship between buyer and seller such as the relationship commitment and relationship performance. Therefore, it has more important to improve relationship performance that service providers enhance service convenience although competitive service development or service quality improvement is important. Given the pressure to provide increased convenience, it is not surprising that organizations have made significant investments in enhancing the convenience aspect of their product and service offering.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.9-21
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• 2009

Recently, the researches to explain Switching Behavior through Theory of Planned Behavior have been discovered. Many researches say that System factors of mobile telecommunication service(MTS) is positively associated with Switching Intention. But There is no difference of system factors between mobile telecommunication services because of IT technique Development. Thus, this study investigated whether switching cost and alternative's attractiveness influence switching intention concerning mobile telecommunication service by adopting Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as an underlying theoretical premise. The study also attempted to determine the moderating effects of personal innovativeness on switching intention. For these purposes the author has developed several hypotheses as follows: H-1. The switching cost of different MTS is associated with the attitude of MTS which is using. H-2. The switching cost of different MTS is associated with the subjective norm of MTS which is using. H-3. The switching cost of different MTS is associated with the perceived behavior control of MTS which is using. H-4. The alternative's attractiveness of different MTS is associated with the attitude of MTS which is using. H-5. The alternative's attractiveness of different MTS is associated with the subjective norm of MTS which is using. H-6. The alternative's attractiveness of different MTS is associated with the perceived behavior control of MTS which is using. H-7. The switching cost of different MTS is associated with the switching intention. H-8. The alternative's attractiveness of different MTS is associated with the switching intention. H-9. The attitude of MTS is associated with the switching intention. H-10. The subjective norm of MTS is associated with the switching intention. H-11. The perceived behavior control of MTS is associated with the switching intention. H-12. The personal innovativeness has been a moderating effects to switching intention. Data has been collected from 403 respondents for this study using a questionnaire method. The survey for the actual analysis of the research was done and analyzed with the customers who have an experience of using Mobile telecommunication service and the samples were selected among the middle and high school students who live in Seoul area, the university students who live in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Chungcheng Provinces, and the ordinary workers who are working in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The survey was done for 23 days from March 28, 2008 through April 12, 2008. The positive analysis was done with SPSS 12.0K statistics package and visual PLS program using the analysis techniques of frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and factor analysis. In addition, structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS 5.0. The data was analyzed by frequency analysis using SPSS 12.0 and structural equation modeling using AMOS 5.0. The result of the overall model analysis is as follows: Chi-Square=378.306, d.f.=107, p-value=0.0, GFI=.904, AGFI= 0.863, IFI= 0.939, NFI= 0.917, RMSEA= 0.079, TLI= 0.922. The results of the overall model analysis were coherent. The following study results were revealed: First, switching cost was related positively to attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control, three components of TPB. Second, alternative's attractiveness was related negatively to subjective norm but positively to perceived behavior control. Third, switching cost and attitude was related negatively to switching intention, while perceived behavior control was related positively to switching intention. Finally, the study found the moderating effects of personal innovativeness on switching intention. Based on the results, the study offers marketing strategic implications for mobile telecommunication service industry.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.1131-1144
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• 2004

In this paper, we investigate a problem with an e-learning system for e-business environments and introduce the solving method of the problem. To be more accurate, existing Web-hosted and ASP (Application Service Provider)-oriented service model is difficult to cooperate and integrate among the different kinds of systems. So we have produced sharable and reusable learning object, they have extracted a principle from pedagogical designs for units of reuse. We call LIO (Learning Item Object). This modeling makes use of a constructing for XML Web Services. So to speak, units of reuse from pedagogical designs are test tutorial, resource, case example, simulation, problem, test, discovery and discussion and then map introduction, fact, try, quiz, test, link-more, tell-more LIO learning object. These typed LIOs are stored in metadata along with the information for a content location. Each one of LIOs is designed with components and exposed in an interface for XML Web services. These services are module applications, which are used a standard SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) and locate any computer over Internet and publish, find and bind to services. This guarantees the interoperation and integration of the different kinds of systems. As a result, the problem of e-learning systems for e-business environments was resolved and then the power of understanding about learning objects based on pedagogical design was increased for learner and instruction designers. And organizations of education hope for particular decreased costs in constructing e-learning systems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.82-93
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• 2019

Fashion cannot encourage co-consumption with other people as a personal item, but it can lead to new consumer needs if fashion sharing service can professionally replace the time and cost of purchasing and managing goods. The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the factors influencing the acceptance of fashion-sharing services based on the integration theory of user acceptance and utilization (UTAUT), and to discuss the virtuous cycle and sustainability pursuit of resources through the activation of the sharing. In this study, the research model for the acceptance of fashion sharing applications is schematized, and the survey was conducted 300 women aged 20~49 years. The screens of 'Project Anne', a representative fashion sharing service in Korea, were provided as a visual data. Reliability analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation analysis, and multiple group analysis were performed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistical package for statistical analysis. As a result, efficiency and social influence positively influenced behavioral intention to use, and age has found that efficiency and social influences modulate the intensity of behavioral intention to use. Therefore, for the consumer acceptance and activation of fashion sharing services, marketing activities emphasizing efficiency and strengthening social influence factors are essential. Also, it is necessary to maintain the existing target group, 30~40s, and also construct additional products and price services for the 20s. This study is of academic significance in presenting basic data for empirical research on consumer acceptance of fashion sharing, and suggests a study on the influence relationship among user experience components for real users in the future.