• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.309-334
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• 2010

This study explores gender mechanism of welfare politics in Korea from the perspective of welfare status theory. In the simplistic analysis, it is found that there is no gender difference in welfare attitudes. In the more sophisticated analysis of welfare-status-beased SEM, however, it is found that Korean welfare politics is to be understood in terms of gender-related politics. Three major findings of this study are as follows. Firstly, Korean women possess less pro-welfare attitudes in terms of the status of welfare beneficiary. This is due to the visible gender segregation in the Korean labor market on the one hand and due to the centrality of social insurance programs in the structure of Korean public welfare system on the other hand. Secondly, Korean women have relatively higher level of pro-welfare attitude when it comes to the status of welfare service provider. Thirdly, Korean women tend to be more supportive to pro-welfare parties as they have less chance to be a higher taxpayer. Based on the above mentioned findings, this study concludes that it is possible to make Korean women be more pro-welfare if the Korean welfare state expands more social services that tend to meet urgent needs of women.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.123-123
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• 2022

In order to evaluate the effect of nitrogen application levels on yield and protein content of rice varieties, a field experiment was conducted at National Institute of Crop Science of Korea in 2020. Five levels(0, 3, 5, 7, and 9 kg·10a^-1) of nitrogen fertilizer were treated to six Korean rice varieties. The nitrogen uptake amount, soil nitrogen content before and after rice cultivation, milled rice yield, and protein content in head rice were analyzed. As the treatment of nitrogen fertilizer increased, the nitrogen uptake amount of plants increased significantly. However, changes in nitrogen content in the soil before and after rice cultivation were different for each cultivar. The amount of nitrogen change in the soil decreased as the amount of nitrogen application increased in the three cultivars of Haepum, Gopum, and Odae, and the other three cultivars showed the opposite trend. As a result of correlation analysis of nitrogen application amount, nitrogen uptake amount, milled rice yield, and protein content of head rice, the five varieties except for Haepum showed a high correlation between these factors. The amount of nitrogen application and nitrogen uptake of plant showed a positive correlation about the milled rice yield and protein content of head rice. In particular, the protein content in head rice appeared to be more affected by nitrogen uptake amount than nitrogen application amount. As a result of this study, the yield and protein content of rice had positive correlations with the level of nitrogen fertilizer, and had a high correlation with the nitrogen absorption of plants.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.230-236
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• 2023

The sewage system was continuously distributed as a concept of public service and protection for water system such as wet-land, resulting in deterioration of the management of sewage management institutions. Accordingly, under the leadership of the central government, various sewage policies are being promoted to streamline the management of sewage management institutions. The main points were related to costs, and typical characteristics include wastewater cost and wastewater discharger cost. In this research, the current status and characteristics of the wastewater discharger cost of 71 local governments in Korea were analyzed. As a result, 41 places (57%) were found to be less than 1,000,000 won/m³ to 2,000,000 won/m³, with an average was 1,990,653 won/m³ (median was 1,918,000 won/m³). In addition, the rate of wastewater discharger cost was increased when the wastewater discharger cost was higher stage. The influential parameters of local governments, which were relatively correlated with the wastewater discharger cost, were analyzed as the rate of recovering wastewater cost and financial independence rate. The results of this research could be used as basic data for wastewater discharger cost, and future researches are needed on how to calculate the appropriate level of wastewater discharger cost.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.11 no.spc
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• pp.97-115
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• 2005

This study investigated the factors that influence the attitude, trust, and acceptance toward the North Korean residents by South Koreans. Three hundred and ninety-two South Koreans, including 222 with no contact experience with North Korean residents and 170 with contact experience, answered a questionnaire. The experience group included police officers who provide protection and settlement service, labor counsellors, social workers, church people, college classmates and tutors, and teachers in alternative schools for North Korean youths. The results indicated that protecting police officers have highly negative attitudes in both cognitive and affective dimensions and also show low trust and acceptance. Teachers in alternative schools, on the other hand, were found to have both positive and negative cognitive evaluations of North Korean residents, but still maintained positive affect and high trust and acceptance. People with no contact experience had negative affect along with pity, and showed medium level trust and acceptance. The distinctive difference between the police officers and teachers were attributed to the individual characteristics such as authoritarian personality and uncertainty avoidance rather than to the frequency or depth of contact. The most important determinant of trust and acceptance were found to be the affective component. The implications of these findings on the selection and training of interface personnel and peace education were discussed.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

To be an adjunct professor(gyeomgyosu) literally means to act as an instructor while also holding a different position. Adjunct professors were initially introduced under Confucianism. Gradually, technical offices also appointed adjunct professors using Confucian-educated bureaucrats for the purpose of educating lower-level technical officials and cadets. This paper examines the history of the civil service system related to adjunct professors through the Code of Laws, and examines those who have been appointed to the public office described in various documents. This paper argues that changes in the medical office's adjunct professor system reflect changes in the national medical talent training policy. The main basis of specific recognizing medical personnel is to decouple the appointment of Confucian scholars from that of full-time doctors. The replacement of the role of medical educators from Confucian scholars to full-time doctors was largely accomplished during the reign of King Jungjong(中宗) and was completed during the period of King Injo(仁祖). The time when Euiyakdongcham was created and the Office of Euiyakdongcham was established coincided with the period when the adjunct professor was disrupted in the medical office. However, this change in the adjunct professor system of medical authorities is in contrast to interpretation, which is a representative technical field. In the case of interpretation, Moonshin's sayeogwon position as adjunct professor was maintained even in the late Joseon Dynasty, and apart from this, there was a hanhagmunsin in Seungmunwon. Interpreter families had institutional arrangements that prevented them from making interpretation their own monopoly. Therefore, families of medical bureaucrats had more room for institutional growth than those of bureaucratic interpreters. Of course, these institutional devices did not prevent the growth of interpreting bureaucratic families in the late Joseon Dynasty. However, the situation in which medicine was accepted only as a kind of knowledge, not as an object of full-time work for sadaebue, would have been an opportunity to rise for those in technical jobs who were full-time medicine. As medicine became more differentiated and developed in the late Joseon Dynasty, medical knowledge and the knowledge about the medical profession became more important. The politicians could not avoid the use of a philosophically oriented system in which a confucian-educated bureaucrat equipped with only Confucian knowledge might replace a full-time doctor. Thus, the contradiction between the reality and the ideal of ignoring or denying reality was reproduced like other Confucian-centered societies. These contradictions have implications for us living in the modern age. Establishing the relationship between philosophy (or belief) and technology should not end with the superiority of one side or the other.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.6_1
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• pp.1185-1193
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• 2023

The increasing interest in soil moisture data from satellite imagery for applications in hydrology, meteorology, and agriculture has led to the development of methods to produce variable-resolution soil moisture maps. Research on accurate soil moisture estimation using satellite imagery is essential for remote sensing applications. The purpose of this study is to generate a soil moisture estimation map for a test area using KOMPSAT-3/3A and KOMPSAT-5 SAR imagery and to quantitatively compare the results with soil moisture data from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission provided by NASA, with a focus on accuracy validation. In addition, the Korean Environmental Geographic Information Service (EGIS) land cover map was used to determine soil moisture, especially in agricultural and forested regions. The selected test area for this study is the western part of Jeju, South Korea, where input data were available for the soil moisture estimation algorithm based on the Water Cloud Model (WCM). Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery from KOMPSAT-5 HV and Sentinel-1 VV were used for soil moisture estimation, while vegetation indices were calculated from the surface reflectance of KOMPSAT-3 imagery. Comparison of the derived soil moisture results with SMAP (L-3) and SMAP (L-4) data by differencing showed a mean difference of 4.13±3.60 p% and 14.24±2.10 p%, respectively, indicating a level of agreement. This research suggests the potential for producing highly accurate and precise soil moisture maps using future South Korean satellite imagery and publicly available data sources, as demonstrated in this study.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.125-144
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• 2023

Objectives This study aimed to investigate domestic clinical research trends in Shinbaro pharmacopuncture, identify diseases managed using Shinbaro pharmacopuncture, and suggest the direction for future studies to increase its clinical utilization. Methods This study used five steps proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and the PRISMA-extension for scoping reviews checklist. We examined published literature on Shinbaro pharmacopuncture studies reported until June 5, 2023, in the following eight databases (Research Information Sharing Service, Science ON, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, KMBASE, The Society of Internal Korean Medicine, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library). The search terms used were 'Shinbaro' or 'Sinbaro'. Results A total of 47 studies were included in our analysis. Of these, 37 (78.7%) were interference time series studies. Shinbaro pharmacopuncture was the most frequently used treatment for lumbosacral disease (n=15). In the facial area, ST4 and ST6 were used in five out of six studies, and in the shoulder area, TE14 and LI15 were used in all studies. Nine of the 15 studies in the lumbosacral area used the EX-B2. The other parts mostly used the pressure points. Compared to other pharmacopuncture methods, the treatment effect was similar to that of bee venom, and faster than that of jungsongouhyul. Conclusions This is the first scoping review of Shinbaro pharmacopuncture therapy in South Korea. Studies with a high level of evidence based on sole treatment, large capacities, and standardization of Shinbaro pharmacopuncture need to be conducted to increase its clinical utilization.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.569-582
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• 2023

In recent years, the service life of major SOC facilities in south korea has exceeded 30 years, and rapid aging is expected within the next 10 years. This has led to a growing recognition of the need for proactive maintenance of these facilities. Consequently, there have been numerous research efforts to introduce smart inspection technologies into maintenance. However, the current system relies primarily on manpower for safety inspections and diagnostics, and on-site surveys rely on visual inspections. Manpower inspections can be time-consuming, and subjective errors may occur during result analysis. In the case of tunnels, there are disadvantages, such as the loss of social overhead capital due to partial closures during inspections. Therefore, institutionalizing smart safety inspections is essential, considering specific measures like using advanced equipment and updating qualifications for experts. Furthermore, it is necessary to verify and validate safety inspection results using advanced equipment before instituting changes. This could be achieved through national-level official research programs and the operation of verification and validation institutions. If smart inspection technology is introduced into maintenance, routine inspections of SOC facilities, such as tunnels, will become feasible. As a result, maintenance technology capable of early detection and proactive response to safety incidents caused by changes in facility conditions is anticipated.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.531-550
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• 2023

Purpose: The unique nature of life-and-death healthcare services sets them apart from other service industries. While many studies exist on the relationship between healthcare services and customer satisfaction, most of them focus on mildly ill patients, ignoring the differences between critically ill and non-seriously ill patients. This study discusses the actual quality of healthcare services for patients who are facing life-threatening illnesses and are on life support, as well as their right to protection and dignity. Methods: The survey conducted to 149 patients with the four major illnesses: cancer, heart disease, brain disease and rare and incurable disease, those who have experiences with senior general hospitals. Results: The basic statistics of this study are adequate to represent the four major critical illnesses, and the reliability and validity of this study's hypotheses, which were measured by multiple items, were analyzed, and the internal consistency was judged to be high. In addition, it was found that the convergent validity was good and the discriminant validity was also secured. When examining the goodness of fit of the hypotheses, the SRMR, which is the standardized root mean square of residuals that measures the difference between the covariance matrix of the data variables and the theoretical covariance matrix structure of the model, met the optimal criteria. Conclusion: The academic implications of this study are differentiated from other studies by moving away from evaluating the quality of healthcare services for mildly ill patients and focusing on the rights and dignity of patients with life-threatening illnesses in four senior general hospitals. In terms of academic implications, this study enriches the depth of related studies by demonstrating the right to protection and dignity as a factor of patient-centeredness based on physical environment quality, interaction quality, and outcome quality, which are presented as sub-factors of healthcare quality. We found that the three quality factors classified by Brady and Cronin (2001) are optimized for healthcare quality assessment and management, and that the results of patients' interaction quality assessment can be used to provide a comprehensive quality rating for hospitals. Health and human rights are inextricably linked, so assessing the degree to which rights and dignity are protected can be a superior and more comprehensive measurement tool than traditional health level measures for healthcare organizations. Practical implications: Improving the quality of the physical environment and the quality of outcomes is an important challenge for hospital managers who attract patients with life and death conditions, but given the scale and economics of time, money, and human inputs, improving the quality of interactions and defining them as performance indicators in hospital quality management is an efficient way to create maximum value in the short term.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.49-62
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• 2023

Due to social and cultural changes and the growth of aging people living as a single because of aging, lonely deaths are steadily increasing, and each local government has begun to define them as a social problem. The legal basis began to be established. In order to explore policy measures to prevent lonely deaths, this study examined cases of lonely death prevention policies using smart digital information technology (AI, IOT), which is being promoted by Daegu Metropolitan City to promote non-face-to-face policies to prevent lonely deaths. Policies related to lonely deaths are divided into two axes: lonely death prevention projects and post-excavation support projects. In order to operate these businesses efficiently, the provision of non-face-to-face services through artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things is recognized as a new service delivery system, so the importance and necessity of non-face-to-face services is increasing. It is time that multifaceted changes and preparations are needed, such as establishing a system to expand the non-face-to-face industry at the national level. In order to respond to another national disaster situation in the future, the non-face-to-face smart care system is being expanded in various welfare policies such as preventing lonely deaths. It will have to be activated.