• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.284-289
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• 2014

Farmers in highlands in South Korea pile up 20 to 30 cm of saprolites, mostly granite- or granite-gneiss-weathered materials, on surface of arable lands every three to five years to compensate eroded soil and sometimes to discontinue soil-borne diseases. Immediate increases of infiltration and percolation rates are expected with coarse textured saprolites while soil drainage becomes poorer in a long-term. In this study, we analyzed mineralogical characteristics and micro-morphology of plow pan to investigate processes making impermeable layers. Soil samples were collected from plow pan, usually located at approximately 20 cm soil depth and at the lower part of piled saprolites, in arable lands in Hoenggye 5-ri, Daekwanryeong-myeon, Gangwon-do (N37.7, E128.7) in which saprolites were added 2, 4, and 8 years ago; saprolites were transported from similar areas. The saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased over time. Based on soil thin section pedography, quartz and feldspar accounted for a majority of minerals. The size of feldspar decreased and macropores became filled with clay or silt particles over time, which implies that macropores were packed with particles weathered from feldspar. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that intensity of feldspar decreased over time and the reverse was true for kaolinite and illite, indicating that feldspar and mica weathering induced formation of kaolinite and illite. Conclusively, deteriorated drainage by formation of impermeable layers in farms with piled saprolites was caused by accumulation of clay minerals such as kaolinite and illite in macropores; illite and kaolinite can be formed by weathering of mica and feldspar, respectively.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.229-237
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• 2013

We measured two-dimensional (2-D) oxygen distribution in the surface sediment layer of intertidal sediment using a simple and inexpensive planar oxygen optode, which is based on a color ratiometric image approach. The recorded emission intensity of red color luminophore light significantly changed with oxygen concentration by $O_2$ quenching of platinum(II)octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP). The ratios between the intensity of red and green emissions with oxygen concentration variation demonstrated the Stern-Volmer relationship. The 2-D oxygen distribution image showed microtopographic structure, diffusivity boundary layer and burrow in surface sediment layer. The oxygen penetration depth (OPD) was about 2 mm and the one-dimensional vertical diffusive oxygen uptake (DOU) was 12.6 mmol $m^{-2}d^{-1}$ in the undisturbed surface sediment layer. However, those were enhanced near burrow by benthic fauna, and the OPD was two times deeper and DOU was increased by 34%. The simple and inexpensive oxygen planar optode has great application potential in the study of oxygen dynamics with high spatiotemporal resolution, in benthic boundary layers.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.127-141
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• 2014

A Vehicle Tracking System consists of GPS tracking device which fits into the vehicle and captures the GPS location information at regular intervals to a central GIS server, and GIS tracking server providing three major responsibilities: receiving data from the GPS tracking unit, securely storing it, and serving this information on demand of the user. GPS based tracking systems supporting a multi-session processing among RMA, RM, and RCP can make a quick response to various services including other vehicle information between RSU and OBU on demand of the user. In this paper we design RSU lower layers and RCP applications in OBU for a multisession processing simulation and test message processing transactions among RMA-RM and RM-RCP. Furthermore, we implement the additional functions of handling access commands simultaneously on multiple service resources which are appropriate for the experimental testing conditions. In order to make a multi-session processing test, it reads 30 resource data,0002/0001 ~ 0002/0030, in total and then occurs 30 session data transmissions simultaneously. We insert a sequence number field into a special header of dummy data as a corresponding response to check that the messages are received correctly. Thus, we find that GIS service system with a multi-session processing is able to provide additional 30 services in a same speed of screen presentation loading while identifying the number of session processing of Web GIS service, the number of OBU service, and the speed of screen presentation loading by comparing a single session and a multi-session of GIS service system.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.27-42
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• 2023

The development of cloud services and IoT technology has radically changed the cloud environment, and has evolved into a new concept called fog computing and F2C (fog-to-cloud). However, as heterogeneous cloud/fog layers are integrated, problems of access control and security management for end users and edge devices may occur. In this paper, an F2C-based IoT smart health monitoring system architecture was designed to operate a medical information service that can quickly respond to medical emergencies. In addition, a role-based service access control technology was proposed to enhance the security of user's personal health information and sensor information during service interoperability. Through simulation, it was shown that role-based access control is achieved by sharing role registration and user role token issuance information through blockchain. End users can receive services from the device with the fastest response time, and by performing service access control according to roles, direct access to data can be minimized and security for personal information can be enhanced.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.8D no.4
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• pp.367-376
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• 2001

For the electronic map service by wireless, the existing map database cannot be used directly. This is because, the data volume of a map is too big to transfer by wireless and although the map is transferred successfully, the devices to display the map usually don’t have enough resources as the ones for desktop computers. It is also not acceptable to construct map database for the exclusive use of wireless service because of the vast cost. We propose new technique to generate a map for wireless service dynamically, from the existing map database. This technique includes the generalization method to reduce the map data volume and filtering method to guarantee that the data volume don’t exceed the limit of bandwidth. The generalization is performed in 3 steps :ㅁ step of merging the layers, a step of reducing the size of spatial objects, and a step of processing user interface. The filtering is performed by 2 module, counter and selector module. The counter module checks whether the data blume of generated map by generalization, exceeds the bandwidth limit. The selector module eliminates the excess objects and selects the rest, on the basis of distance.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.316-319
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• 2018

When a terrestrial UHD broadcasting service and a mobile HD broadcasting service are provided using the PLP function provided by ATSC 3.0 and domestic UHD broadcasting standard, a small amount of data may be additionally transmitted to further provide high quality UHD-3D broadcasting service. The left and right images of the stereoscopic image are input, one view image is encoded by the SHVC method, and the other view images are encoded by the SHVC method of the two-view cross-referencing method. However, since the base layers (BL) of the two encoders are mutually common, the two encoders correspond to encoders that generate one BL stream and two enhancement layer (EL) streams. The average encoding efficiency is 16% more efficient compared to the third independent HEVC encoding for the UHD-3D broadcast service. The proposed scheme reduces the fluctuation of PSNR per image frame and increases the image quality of minimum PSNR frame by 0.6dB.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.19A no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

Network-based intelligent robot is connected with network system, provides interactions with humans, and carries out its own roles on ubiquitous computing environments. URC (Ubiquitous Robot Companion) robot has been proposed to develop network-based robot by applying distributed computing techniques. On URC robot, it is possible to save the computing power of robot client by environments, has been proposed to develop robot software using service-oriented architecture on server-client computing environments. The SOMAR client robot consists of two layers - device service layer and robot service layer. The device service controls physical devices, and the robot service abstracts robot's services, which are newly defined and generated by combining many device services. RSEL (Robot Service Executing Language) is defined in this paper to represent relations and connections between device services and robot services. A RESL document, including robot services by combining several device services, is translated to a programming language for robot client system using RSEL translator, then the translated source program is compiled and uploaded to robot client system with RPC (Remote Procedure Call) command. A SOMAR client system is easy to be applied to embedded systems of host/target architecture. Moreover it is possible to produce a light-weight URC client robot by reducing workload of RSEL processing engine.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2020

Adaptive recommendation systems have been developed with big data processing as a system that provides services tailored to users based on user information and usage patterns. Deep learning can be used in these adaptive recommendation systems to handle big data, providing more efficient user-friendly recommendation services. In this paper, we propose a system that uses deep learning to categorize and recommend tourism types to suit the user's personality. The system was divided into three layers according to its core role to increase efficiency and facilitate maintenance. Each layer consists of the Service Provisioning Layer that real users encounter, the Recommendation Service Layer, which provides recommended services based on user information entered, and the Adaptive Definition Layer, which learns the types of tourism suitable for personality types. The proposed system is highly scalable because it provides services using deep learning, and the adaptive recommendation system connects the user's personality type and tourism type to deliver the data to the user in a flexible manner.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1349-1352
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• 2005

This paper is to investigate a defect for thermal barrier coating layers by acoustic emission method in 4-point bending test. The two-layer thermal barrier coating is composed of $150\mu{m}\;CoNiCrAlY\;bond\;coating\;by\;vacuum\;plasma\;spray(VPS)\;process\;and\;250\mu{m}\;ZrO_2-8wt%Y_2O_3$ ceramic coating layer by air plasma spray(APS) process on Inconel-718. The specimen prepared by cyclic thermal test(500, 1000, 2000cycle) at $1050^{\circ}C$ The AE monitoring system is composed of PICO type sensor, a wide band pre-amplifier(40dB), PC and AE DSP(16/32 PAC) board. The AE event, amplitude, Cumulative energy and count of coating specimens is evaluated according to cyclic thermal test.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.2 s.61
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• pp.217-224
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• 2007

The ratio of the aged population over 65 in Korea comprises 5.7% of the total population in 1995, and 7.1% in 2001, and it is expected that it will be 14% in year 2023. Also, owing to the appearance of various layers of the aged, it is necessary to prepare various programs and facilities for the aged who are healthy and economically capable in order for them to spend their life in an abundant and rewarded way. Andthere is a rising necessity not only to recognize the value of existence for the existing elderly welfare facilities but to prepare new elderly welfare facilities considering comprehensive elderly welfare as well. Especially, even though elderly welfare centers continue to provide for the aged both in a low-income class and a common class various service programs and activity programs, there still is a poor structure in terms of spatial dimension in detail to comply the service. Accordingly, we believe that it is necessary to have a comparative study on elderly welfare centers in Japan as elderly welfare facility that advances about 30 years ahead. For this purpose, this study compared the spatial structures of application programs according to facility regulations and their gross spatial classification focusing on elderly welfare centers in Japan and those of Korea. Based on this, this study intends to present basic materials for interior space planning when establishing elderly welfare centers founded on space dimension and structure along with the gross space in elderly welfare centers in Korea in the future.