• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 1994.05a
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• pp.42-42
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• 1994

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.206-215
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• 1996

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.306-311
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pretreatment with nicotinamide on the serum lipid composition and atherosclerotic index in streptozotocin ( STZ ) - induced diabetic rats. Nicotinamide pretreatment in STZ-induced diabetic rats inhibited the rise of serum glucose concentration. Serum total lipids and triglyceride levels in the STZ-induced diabetic rats were significantly higher than those in the control group. But in the group pretreated with nicotin-amide, triglyceride and lipid levels were significantly lower compared with those of STZ-induced diabetic rat group without nicotinamide. However, the serum phospholipid levels were not statistically different among treatment groups. In the STZ-induced diabetic group, the serum total cholesterol, VLDL, LDL-cholesterol levels and atherosclerotic index were higher and HDL-cholesterol level was lower compared to the control group. However, these changes were prevented by nicotinamide pretreatment. Pretreatment with nicotinamide significantly increased tile activities of serum lipase compared to the STZ-treated group. Aminotranferase (ALT, AST) activities were not significantly different in any of the groups.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.87-94
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• 1997

Influences of clotrimazole on the blood cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol level were studied in rats. Rats were provided food and water ad libitum and clotrimazole and methylcellulose were gavaged for 6 days. Clotrimazole was suspended in 1% methylcellulose solution as and administered at concentration 20mg/Kg, 40mg/Kg, 60mg/Kg. Body weight gain and liver weight/body weight ratio, serum cholesterol level, serum HDL-cholesterol level, serum triglyceride level, the activity of cytochrome p450 and erythromycin demethylase were determined at 6th day. Clotrimazole decreased the body weight gain a little as compared with control group and did not show any influence on liver weight/body weight ratio. Clotrimazole increased the serum HDL-cholesterol and serum triglyceride level significantly. Clotrimazole increased the microsomal cytochrome P450 significantly and increased the erythromycin demethylase (cytochrome P450 IIIA) significantly too. It might be conclued that clotrimazole showed a little influence on body weight and increased the serum lipid, especially HDL-cholesterol level. It also increased microsomal cytochrome P450 IIIA significantly. It might be concluded that clotrimazole showed a corelative influence between HDL-cholesterol and cytochrome P450 IIIA. In these results clotrimazole can be used as an anti-atherosclerotic agent by increasing the HDL-cholesterol but it is necessary that cloreimazole will show any adverse or side action on body or not.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.672-679
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• 2005

Introduction. Cardiovascular disease has the potential to lead to sudden in-flight incapacitation and permanent grounding. The aims of this study are to examine the relationships between lifestyle, job stress and blood lipid levels of male aircrew personnel of a Korean airline and to identify which factors influence their hyper-lipidemia. Methods. Two hundred sixteen male aircrew personnel completed a questionnaire by self-report and consented to participate in the study. The questionnaire collected data related to job stress, life style, serum cholesterol levels and general characteristics of the aircrew. The cholesterol levels of the subjects were collected from their most recent health check-up records. Subjects were divided into two groups (the desirable group and the risk group) based on their serum cholesterol level, 200 mg/dl. Results. Mean age and marital status were significantly different between the two groups. More subjects in the risk group had habits of eating high lipid foods, while more subjects in the desirable group exercised more frequently than the risk group. In logistic regression analysis, after controlling age and marital status, types of working situation (domestic duty or international duty, odds ratio=.390, p=.018), diet (odds ratio=.429, p=.037), and exercise (odds ratio=.320, p=.055) were influencing factors on aircrew's serum cholesterol lev-els. Conclusions. The cholesterol level of aircrew personnel is closely related to their lifestyle, such as lipid diet and exercise. The type of work situations, e.g. staying in an airplane for long periods of time or staying abroad, may influence these diet patterns and exercise habits.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.421-428
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• 2011

${\alpha}$-Lipoic acid and L-carnosine are powerful antioxidants and are often used as a health supplement and as an ergogenic aid. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ${\alpha}$-lipoic acid and/or L-carnosine supplementation on antioxidant activity in serum, skin, and liver of rats and blood lipid profiles for 6 weeks. Four treatment groups received diets containing regular rat chow diet (control, CON), 0.5% ${\alpha}$-lipoic acid (ALA), 0.25% ${\alpha}$-lipoic acid+0.25% L-carnosine (ALA+LC), or 0.5% L-carnosine (LC). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and lipid peroxidation products, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, were analyzed in serum, skin, and liver. Blood lipid profiles were measured, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Skin and liver SOD activities of the ALA and LC groups were higher than those of the CON group (P<0.05), but serum SOD activity was higher only in the LC group compared to that in the CON group (P<0.05). Additionally, only liver GSH-Px activity in the LC group was higher than that of the CON and the other groups. Serum and skin MDA levels in the ALA and LC groups were lower than those in the CON group (P<0.05). Serum TG and TC in the ALA and ALA+LC groups were lower than those in the CON and LC groups (P<0.05). The HDL-C level in the LC group was higher than that in any other group (P<0.05). LDL-C level was lower in the ALA+LC and LC groups than that in the CON group (P<0.05). Thus, ${\alpha}$-lipoic acid and L-carnosine supplementation increased antioxidant activity, decreased lipid peroxidation in the serum, liver, and skin of rats and positively modified blood lipid profiles.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2005

There has been increasing research interests that green vegetables play beneficial roles in human health. This study was performed to investigate the effects of freeze-dried green vegetable extract of Angelica keiskei Koidz (A) and Brassica oleracea acephala (B) on lipid profiles and antioxidant status in rats. Seven-weeks old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups and fed diets containing 5% A & B and 0.5% cholesterol (cho) for 8 weeks [Control Diet (C) & C + chol (CC), A & A + chol (AC), B & B + chol (BC)]. Lipid profiles and antioxidant status were determined by enzyme assay methods. The serum levels of [LDL + VLDLJ-cholesterol of the rats fed vegetable extract diets A and B were significantly lower than that of group C and the ratios of HDL/[LDL + VLDL] were significantly higher in groups A and B. Addition of cholesterol in the diet, however, abolished this effect. The Brassica oleracea acephala juice lowered serum TG level even when cholesterol was added to the diet. Serum total antioxidant status(TAS) were significantly higher in groups A and B as compared to the control group and the ratios of [GSH-Px +Catalase]/total-SOD in the liver were also significantly higher in groups A and B indicating that H202 produced be efficiently removed. In conclusion, freeze-dried green vegetable extract diets (A and B) improved serum lipid profiles by increasing the HDL/[LDL + VLDL〕 ratio and exerted favorable influences on antioxidant systems by improving total antioxidant status (TAS) in serum and by significantly increasing the ratio of [GSH-Px + Catalase]/total-SOD in the liver.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.105-111
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Lentinus edodes which were harvested at different times of maturity on blood glucose and lipid levels in diabetic mice. The diabetic KK mice were fed diets supplemented with Lentinus edodes harvested early (LE) or late (LL) for eight weeks, and control (CO) mice were fed regular diet without Lentinus edodes. Diet intake, body weight, organ weight, blood glucose and serum lipid levels were measured. The mice which were fed diets supplemented with LE and LL showed significantly lower body weights compared to the CO group. There were no significant differences in the diet intake and the weights of different organs including liver, heart, kidneys, and epididymal fat pad among three different groups. Furthermore, the concentrations of serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were significantly lower in LE and LL groups compared to the CO group. These results clearly demonstrate that Lentinus edodes, regardless of their harvested period reduced body weight and serum lipid without affecting blood glucose level in diabetic mice.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.996-1006
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• 1994

This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary chitin & chitosan on cadmium (Cd) toxicity and lipid metabolism in rats. Forty-two male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing 137$\pm$2g were blocked into 6 groups according to body weight, and were raised for 4 weeks. Cadmium chloride was given at the level of 0 or 400ppm in diet and chitin and chitosan were given at the level of 0 or 4%(w/w) of diet. The results are summarized as follow. Chitosan decreased the toxicity of Cd on liver, kidney and femur and increase the Cd content of fecal excretion. Chitosan increased the lipdi & cholesterol content of fecal excretion by combining with lipid and bile acid. Chitosan decreased lipid, cholesterol and TG content in serum and liver by combining with lipid and bile acid. Chitin was less effective than chitosan in decreasing of Cd toxicity and lipid content of rat.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.1112-1120
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the effets of chitosan and beef tallow at different level on glucose and lipid metabolism in rats. Dietary fot level was 20% and 40%, and chitosan was given at levels of 0%, 3%, and 5%(wt/wt) of diet. Chitosan supplement tended to decrease the serum total lipids, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. HDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol : total cholesterol ratio tended to increase with 5% chitosan supplementation. LDL cholesterol and VLDL triglyceride tended to decrease with chitosan supplementation. Lipid concentration of liver and epididymal fat pad(EEP) tended to decrease with medium dietary fat and chitosan treatment. fecal excretion of total lipid and triglyceride exhibited a tendency to increase with high fat levels and chitosan. Length of small intestine and gastrointestinal transit time were not affected by dietary fit levels or chitosan supplements. Therefore, it could be suggested that chitosan supplement had beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. (Korean J Nutrition 31(7) : 1112-1120, 1998)