• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.1031-1034
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• 1999

Circulating lymphocytes collected from control and heat-stressed buffaloes were subjected to in vitro culture with glucocorticoids, epinephrine or serotonin and their effect, if any, on the release of intracellular prolactin (PRL) was studied using ELISA and C-ELISA techniques. It was noted from the study that PRL level was higher in lymphocytes than in plasma of the control and heat-stressed animals, and that the PRL levels increased in the plasma of heat-stressed animals compared to that of non stressed animals with a significant decrease in lymphocytic PRL content by heat stress. Epinephrine and serotonin significantly increased the release of intracellular PRL from the lymphocytes of both in the control and the heat-stressed buffaloes but release of PRL from lymphocyte was not significantly changed by cortisol treatment in both control and heat-stressed buffaloes as compared to epinephrine and serotonin in vitro. When lympocytes were incubated with serotonin, it caused drastic lysis of the lymphocytes but epinephirine and cortisol did not show any lysis. It may be concluded from this study that hormones like epinephrine or serotonin known to increase during stress, release intracellular PRL from lymphocytes, the satellite PRL storage/synthesizing organ of blood, although the mechanism of the release is different.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2002

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Ginseng Radix (Panax ginseng C.A. MEY.), Zizyphi Spinosae Semen (Zizyphus spinosa HU.) and Rehmanniae Radix Preparat (Rehmannia glutinosa LIBOSCH.) on the serotonin- immunoreactivity cells in the Caudal raphe nuclei, Rostal raphe nuclei and hippocampus of the mouse brain. Methods : The mice were stressed by restraining for one hour and treated with herbal medicine by oral feeding. The mice were killed after one hour and observed by electron microscope after immunohistochemical staining. Results : In the caudal raphe nuclei of the medulla oblongata, the highest number of 5-HT immunoreactivity cells were observed at the Zizyphi Spinosae Semen-treated group, while the lowest level among the herbs treatment group was shown at the Ginseng Radix group. In the hippocampus, serotonin-immunoreactive cells were expressed significantly at the CA3 area while the lowest level of it was shown at the control group. In the midbrain, immunoreactive cells were expressed higher than other groups, while observed at the lowest level in the control group. Conclusions : The extracts of Zizyphi Spinosae Semen, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat and Ginseng Radix show a certain degree of effect on the change of serotonin immunoreactive neurons as an index of nerve disorder.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2001

Biogenic amine 류에는 catecholamine, indoleamine 그리고 histamine이 있으며, 동물의 다양한 생리 현상과 행동양식 조절에 중요한 역할을 담당한다. 이중 indoleamine 류인 세로토닌(serotonin혹은 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)의 경우 최근 들어 그 수용체 아형의 유전자 규명과 발현 조절, 중추신경계 및 표적 기관에서의 역할, 특히 항우울 효과와 같이 행동 및 심리적인 영향 등에 대해 광범위하게 연구되고 있다. 본 논문은 5-HT의 합성 경로, 수용체 아형, 생식과 관련된 기능에 대해 서술하였다. 특히 생식과 관련된 5-HT의 신경내분비학적인 역할로 GnRH-LH-sex steroids 축 조절 기능과 이에 관여하는 수용체 아형들, 생식 조절에 있어서 5-HT 효과의 성적 이형 양상, 중추신경계 이외 기관에서의 역할, 성행동의 조절에 대한 연구 결과들을 요약하였다. 5-HT의 기능에 대한 연구는 특히 현재 주목 받고 있는 '삶의 질' 고양과 밀접하게 연관되어있는 유망한 주제 가운데 하나로 판단된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2001

(+)-Methamphetamine (METH) is a psychostimulant, which has been the most popular abused drug in Korea. The rewarding mechanism in METH abuse has been reported to be mediated by dopaminergic system. Recently, it has been reported that dopamine releaser (phentermine) plays a dominant role in the discriminative stimulus effects of METH, whereas 5-HT releaser (fenfluramine) can strongly modify METH self-administration. The present study is designed to assess the behavioral changes and the changes of the serotonin receptors in the brains of rats administered repeated of self-administered METH. The repeated administration of 1.0 mg/kg/day METH for 12 days increased locomotor activities, and there was no difference between i.v. and i.p. treatment. Rats had actively acquired METH self-administration for 3 weeks at 0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg/injection. Whereas, it was taken few days to acquire sucrose pellet self-administration. The binding of [$^3$H]-8-hydroxy-DPAT (5-H $T_{1A}$ receptors) and [$^3$H]-5-carboxytryptamine (5-H $T_{1B}$ receptors) to brain sections was examined. Both passive administration and self-administration of METH did not change significantly the serotonin receptors levels in hippocampus, striatum and nucleus accumbens. These results suggest that serotonin receptors may not change in the acquisition period of METH self-administration, and we are trying to investigate the serotonin receptors levels of brain in rats maintained of METH self-administration.n.n.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.113-117
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• 2005

Background: Serotonin 3 receptor is involved in the modulation of nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord. The serotonin 3 receptor antagonist has been used for the management of opioid-induced nausea and vomiting. The aim of this study was to examine whether the analgesic effect of morphine is antagonized by serotonin 3 receptor antagonists at the spinal level. Methods: Rats were implanted with lumbar intrathecal catheters. For nociception, a formalin solution (5%, $50{\mu}l$) was injected into the hind paw of male Sprague-Dawley rats. To determine whether the effect of intrathecal morphine was mediated via serotonin 3 receptors, serotonin 3 receptor antagonists were intrathecally administered 10 min prior to the morphine delivery. Following the formalin injection, formalin-induced nociceptive behavior (flinching response) was observed for 60 min. Results: Intrathecal morphine produced a dose-dependent suppression of the flinches in both phases during the formalin test. The analgesic action of morphine was not reversed by serotonin 3 receptor antagonists (LY-278,584, ondansetron), which had little per se effect on the formalin-induced nociception. Conclusions: Spinal serotonin 3 receptors may not be involved in the analgesia of morphine on a nociceptive state evoked by a formalin stimulus.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2008

홍화종자의 메탄올 추출물에서 preparative HPLC($\mu$-Bondapak $C_{18}$ column($7.8{\times}300mm$) 분석을 통하여 DPPH radical 소거 활성도가 높은 두 종류의 항산화 물질(CA와 CB)을 확인하였다. 확인된 항산화물질의 대량 추출을 위하여 hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate 그리고 butanol 등의 유기용매를 이용하였으며 이 중 ethyl acetate 분획에서 DPPH radical 소거 활성이 높은 물질이 추출되었다. Ethyl acetate 분획물을 silica gel chlomatography하여 CA와 CB를 분리하였고, $^1H$-NMR과 $^{13}C$-NMR 분석에 의하여 CA는 N-(p-Coumaroyl) serotonin, 그리고 CB는 N-feruoylserotonin으로 동정되었다. 홍화종자에서 N-(p-Coumaroyl) serotonin과 N-feruoylserotonin의 함량을 $\mu$-Bondapak $C_{18}$ column($3.9{\times}300\;mm$)으로 300nm에서 acetonitrile의 용매로 10%에서 분석을 시작하여 30분 동안 50%까지 기울기 모드로 분석한 결과 N-(p-Coumaroyl)serotonin의 함량은 4.11 mg/gDW, N-feruoylserotonin의 함량은 7.29 mg/gDW이었으며, 이 두 가지 항산화 물질은 모두 종자껍질에서만 추출되었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.605-610
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• 2013

GABA는 포유류의 신경전달물질의 분비를 억제하며, 신경안정 작용, 스트레스 해소, 우울증 완화, 불면 등에 효과가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 곡류식품에 존재하는 GABA 함량은 일반미 1~4 mg/100 g, 현미 4~8 mg/100 g으로 알려져 있지만, 그 함량이 낮아 자연 식품으로부터 섭취하는 양으로는 생리활성을 기대하기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 mono sodium glutamate (MSG)발효로 얻은 GABA 코팅 쌀이 신경안정제 뿐만 아니라 수면유도제로 쓰이는 melatonin과 serotonin의 생성 촉진 효과를 알아보았다. 그 결과 melatonin의 경우 GABA (25 mg/mL) 투여군은 $3.515{\pm}0.149pg/mL$, 일반미 공급군의 경우 $2.632{\pm}0.188pg/mL$이며, GABA 코팅 쌀 공급군은 $3.578{\pm}0.158pg/mL$로 나타났다. Serotonin 함량을 측정한 결과 GABA (25 mg/mL), 일반미 공급군은 각각 $5.183{\pm}0.142ng/mL$, $4.784{\pm}0.108ng/mL$가 측정되었으며 GABA 코팅 쌀을 공급한 실험군은 $5.918{\pm}0.169ng/mL$의 serotonin이 생성되었다. GABA 코팅 쌀의 지속적인 섭취로 인해 melatonin과 serotonin은 유의적인 증가는 있었지만, 누적효과는 없었다. 기능성 식품으로 개발된 GABA 코팅 쌀을 지속적으로 섭취하면 일반미에서 섭취하여 얻을 수 있는 melatonin과 serotonin의 유도효과를 얻을 수 있고, GABA 25 mg/mL를 섭취하는 것과 비슷한 효과를 나타낼 수 있다고 사료된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was done to examine how laughter therapy impacts serotonin levels, QOL and depression in middle-aged women and to perform a path analysis for verification of the effects. Methods: A quasi-experimental study employing a nonequivalent control group and pre-post design was conducted. Participants were 64 middle-aged women (control=14 and experimental=50 in 3 groups according to level of depression). The intervention was conducted five times a week for a period of 2 weeks and the data analysis was conducted using repeated measures ANOVA, ANCOVA and LISREL. Results: Results showed that pre serotonin and QOL in women with severe depression were the lowest. Serotonin in the experimental groups increased after the 10th intervention (p=.006) and the rise was the highest in the group with severe depression (p=.001). Depression in all groups decreased after the 5th intervention (p=.022) and the biggest decline was observed in group with severe depression (p=.007). QOL of the moderate and severe groups increased after the 10th intervention (p=.049), and the increase rate was highest in group with severe depression (p<.006). Path analysis revealed that laughter therapy did not directly affect depression, but its effect was indirectly meditated through serotonin variation (p<.001). Conclusion: Results indicate that serotonin activation through laughter therapy can help middle-aged women by lessening depression and providing important grounds for depression control.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2002

Background:Since serotonin neurotrasnmission plays an important role in the pathophysiology of depression, the drug that acts on serotonin transporter can be an effective antidepressant. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serotonin transporter polymorphisms(5-HTTLPR) and the long-term effect of the antidepressant treatment. Method:The 175 depressive patients, who met DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder or dysthymic disorder were enrolled into three year study. The genotypes of the patients were investigated by polymerase chain reaction of genomic DNA with promoter regions of the serotonin transporter gene. The patients were assessed by the Clinical Global Impression Scale, at the 1st visit, 8th week, 16th week, 1st year, 2nd and 3rd year after the antidepressant treatment. Result:The genotypes of 138 patients were investigated and 128 of them finished this 1st year study and 107 remained in the study after 2-year treatment, and, 97 completed this 3-year study. The therapeutic response of each subset was not different at 8th, 16th week, but the subset with homozygote(l/l) of long variant showed a better antidepressant therapeutic response than heterozygote(l/s). The heterozygote(l/s) showed a better response than the subset with homozygote(s/s) of short variant at 1st, 2nd and 3rd year after the antidepressant treatment in CGI-global improvement score. Conclusion:This result shows that the serotonin transporter polymorphism may be related to the long-term effect of antidepressant treatment and there may be also ethnic difference.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.422-430
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• 2013

This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of So-Oochim-tang-Gagam-bang (SOCT-G) on oxidative stress and serotonin metabolism in P815 Mast Cells The effects of SOCT-G on activity of 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging and Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD) in P815 mast cells were investigated. The effect of SOCT-G on content of serotonin in P815 mast cells was investigated. The effects of SOCT-G on expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (5-HTT), Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH-1) mRNA in P815 mast cells were investigated. The SOCT-G increased DPPH radical-scavenging activity in P815 mast cells. The SOCT-G increased SOD activity in P815 mast cells. The SOCT-G decreased the intracellular content of serotonin in P815 mast cells. The SOCT-G decreased 5-HTT and TPH-1 mRNA expression in P815 mast cells. This experiment shows that So-Ochm-Tang-Gagam-bang has a significant effect of oxidative stress that help prevent free radical damage. And So-Ochim-Tang-Gagam-bang decreased the intracellular content of serotonin and mRNA expression of 5-HTT and TPH-1. Therefore, further researches are suggested to reveal the anti-depressive effectiveness of So-Ochim-Tang-Gagam-bang.