• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.916-919
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• 2002

This paper introduces the problem of typeface classification of Hangul characters and proposes features for typeface classification among Serif and Sans-serif classes. Serif classes have a small decorative stroke around the beginning of vertical strokes, while Sans-serif classes have no serif. Therefore, the serif part is first segmented from the vertical strokes, and the direction of the serif is computed as the feature for Hangul typeface identification. To evaluate the performance of the proposed system, we used 3,000 characters extracted from Korean documents - 1,500 from Serif fonts, other 1,500 from Sans-serif fonts.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.96-97
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.259-275
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• 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate font change blindness based on text difficulty in the "Moving Window Task", as originally introduced by McConkie and Rayner(1975). During the reading process where the moving window was applied, different target words in terms of font style compared to the text were presented. As participants' gaze reached the position of the target word, the font of the target word was changed to match the text font. The font of the target word before the change was either sans-serif when the text font was serif, or serif when the text font was sans-serif. After completing the reading task, more than half of the participants(62.5%) reported not detecting the font change. Observation of eye movements at the target word positions revealed that when understanding the content within the text was difficult, there was an increase in the number of regressions, an extended gaze duration, and a reduction in saccade length. Specifically, the increase in the number of regressions was evident only when the text font was serif, in other words, when the font of the target word shifted from sans-serif to serif. These results suggest that sensory interference unrelated to content understanding is not easily detected during reading. However, the possibility of detection increases when comprehension of the content becomes challenging. Furthermore, this exceptional detection possibility implies that it may be higher when the text font is serif compared to when it is sans-serif.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.5 s.58
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• pp.833-843
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristic of logomark in unisex casual apparel brand. For this study, first 36 unisex casual apparel brands were selected from the Dictionary of Fashion Brand, second analyzed the common word showing in them. Third, the logomark of the unisex casual apparel brand were classified into two types according to the typeface character of the logomark, there were serif typeface, sans-serif typeface. Fourth, analyzed the relationship between the typeface image of logomark and brand concept. The results of the study were following : First, the common word that used the most frequently in brand concept were investigated and the order of common word was reasonable, comfort or natural, practical, modern, traditional and basic. Second, The unisex casual apparel brand used the most frequently the sans-serif typeface that represents the images of simple, modern and active sense in the typeface of logomark. Third, the unisex apparel brands used the most frequently English as brand name among the various languages. Fourth, the unisex casual apparel brands were lanuched mostly except several of them after 1990.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.29-38
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• 2021

Korean typefaces are characterized on two axes: a font is either serifed or non-serifed, and it is either square-frame or non-squared. A serifed font entails small strokes that are regularly attached to the ends of larger strokes. Conversely, fonts without these marks are termed sans-serif. One of the exclusive features of Korean typeface of the square-frame type is that in such fonts, vowels and consonants often with their final vowels, are harmonically placed within the boundaries of the virtual square. We hypothesize that serifed and squared-frame typefaces are more popular and preferred owing to their widespread use throughout history. A survey incorporating Korean pangrams written with serif, sans-serif, squared, and non-squared typefaces was designed to test the present hypothesis. We found that people typically preferred and were more familiar with squared typefaces compared to non-squared typefaces. However, no difference was observed between serifed and san-serif typefaces. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between familiarity and preference ratings only where the typefaces had squared and serifed features. The results revealed that Korean typefaces with the squared feature were more well-known and, therefore, more preferred to the typefaces without it. The results further indicated that Korean typefaces with the squared feature can be recommended for people's familiarity to it and the comfort it provides, and their emotional relevance and sensibility enhanced if serifs are added.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.245-250
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• 2002

This paper presents a priori and the local font classification method. The font classification uses ascenders, descenders, and serifs extracted from a word image. The gradient features of those sub-images are extracted, and used as an input to a neural network classifier to produce font classification results. The font classification determines 2-font styles (upright or slant), 3-font groups (serif, sans serif, or typewriter), and 7-font names (PostScript fonts such as Avant Garde, Helvetica, Bookman, New Century Schoolbook, Palatino, Times, or Courier). The proposed a priori and local font classification method allows an OCR system consisting of various font-specific character segmentation tools and various mono-font character recognizers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.113-118
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 한글 문자의 세리프(serif) 계열과 산세리프(sans-serif) 계열의 분류를 위한 특징을 제안한다. 한글의 서체는 세로획의 시작 부분에 장식 세리프(돌기)가 있는 세리프 계열과 그렇지 않은 산세리프 계열로 나눌 수 있다. 제안하는 한글 문자의 서체 분류 방법은 세리프 형태에서 추출한 특징을 이용하여 세리프 또는 산세리프 클래스로 분류하고, 각 클래스별로 적합한 특징 및 분류기를 학습하여 보다 다양한 서체를 인식하도록 계층적으로 설계한다. 제안한 특징의 유용성을 입증하기 위한 실험은 명조, 바탕, 궁서, 고딕, 돋움, 굴림 서체의 3,000개 낱자 영상에 적용하였다.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.205-208
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 영문 단어로부터 폰트를 분류하기 위해 연역적이고 국부적인 폰트 분류 방법을 제안한다. 이는 문자 인식 전에 한 단어에서 폰트를 분류하는 것을 말한다. 폰트 분류를 위해 활자 특성인 Ascender, Descender와 Serif가 사용된다. 입력 단어로부터 Ascender, Descender와 Serif가 추출되어 특징 벡터가 추출되고, 그 특징 벡터는 인공 신경망에 의해 입력 단어에 대한 폰트 그룹, 폰트 이름이 분류된다. 제안된 연역적이고 국부적인 폰트 분류 방법은 폰트 정보가 문자 분할기와 문자 인식기에 사용될 수 있게 한다 나아가, 특정 폰트에 따른 Mono-font 문자 분할기와 Mono-Font 문자 인식기로 구성되는 OCR 시스템을 구성할 수 있는 것을 가능하게 한다.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.65-77
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• 2004

This paper presents a priori and the local font classification method. The font classification uses ascenders, descenders, and serifs extracted from a word image. The gradient features of those sub-images are extracted, and used as an input to a neural network classifier to produce font classification results. The font classification determines 2 font styles (upright or slant), 3 font groups (serif sans-serif or typewriter), and 7-font names (Postscript fonts such as Avant Garde, Helvetica, Bookman, New Century Schoolbook, Palatine, Times, and Courier). The proposed a priori and local font classification method allows an OCR system consisting of various font-specific character segmentation tools and various mono-font character recognizers. Experiments have shown font classification accuracies reach high performance levels of about 95.4 percent even with severely touching characters. The technique developed for tile selected 7 fonts in this paper can be applied to any other fonts.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.55-68
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to study the visual characteristics of domestic national men's wear brand logos. For this purpose, 80 of national men's wear brands were selected from '2010/2011 Korea fashion brand Annual' For analysis, they were classified into three categories: logo types composed only with logomark or symbol and logomark together. Types of symbol were classified into word symbol, descriptive symbol, and abstractive symbol. And the used typefaces were classified into serif and san serif and acromatic and cromatic The results are as follows: The visual characteristics of domestic national men's wear brand logos, there were more brands that used logomark with symbol together than logomark only. And the type of symbols were appeared descriptive symbol(32% ) that meaned the men's power, nobleness and royalty. In domestic national men's wear brands, color of logos were more frequently used acromatic color as black and grey than cromatic color. Among the cromatic colors were more appeared to a kind of blue and green. And the used typefaces were the more frequently used to serif typeface of capital. As a result, the visual characteristics of domestic national men's wear brand logo were that they used the brand logos composed of descriptive logomark with symbol together, black serif typeface the most. From this results, we could find that visual stragety of domestic national men's wear brand logos had the tendency to emphasize the function of conveying information, brand concept that men's wear. The specific and continuous following research in which psychological factor of consumer reflected was requested as a measure to seek brand logo that aid to establish brand power and reinforce brand image.