• Health Policy and Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.111-125
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• 1994

In developing total hospital information system, large amount of time and expense are to be spent while its results are likely to lead itself to end-users' dissatisfaction. Some of the main complaints on the part of end-users come from insufficient consideration of end-users environment as well as inappropriate representation of their requirement in the system alalysis and design. This papre addresses some advantages of Essential Logical Modeling Process for better analysis and design, explaining by example the developmental process of the Patent Management and Accounting System for a tertiary care hospital. In the case, the Essential Model, suggested by McMenamin and Palmer, proved to be an effective tool for clear separation of analysis and design phase and for better communication among system developers and with end-users. The modeling process itself contributed to better program modularity as well, shown in a Structured Chart. Difficulties in learning how to identify' essential activities' for the modeling practice were experienced in the beginnins stage, which were, however, overcome by elaborating some heuristic guideling and by rdferring to necessary tools including State Transition Diagram, Control Flow Diagram, and so many. While full evaluation of the Essential Model usag remains to wait till the completion of the case project, its strengt in making clear distinction between analysis and design phase was enough to be attractive to system analysts. The model concepts are open to many further application fields, particularly such areas as business re engineering, process remodeling, office automation, and organizational restructuring.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.107-111
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• 2008

Objectives : Cynanchum wilfordii(Asclepiadaceae) has been traditionally used as a tonic, the prevention and treatment of various geriatric diseases in Korea. Acetophenone derivatives from C. wilfordii showed neuroprotective activity. In this study, two acetophenones were isolated and quantitative determination of acetophenones from C. wilfordii has been developed for quality stand. Methods : Three acetophenone derivatives were isolated from methanol extract of C. willfordii by the chromatographic separation. Their structures were identified as cynandione A, 2,5-dihydroxy acetophenone and cynanchone A on the basis of spectral data(MS, $^1H-NMR$, $^{13}C-NMR$) and chemical analysis. HPLC analysis was performed to determine the contents of cynandione A and 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone in C. wilfordii. Results : According to the results, the contents of cynandione A and 2,5- dihydroxyacetophenone were 0.274%, 0.035% by HPLC, respectively. Conclusions : In these results, we have determined the contents of cynandione A and 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone in Cynanchum wilfordii, respectively. We hope that this study will contribute to the standardization and quality control of herbal medicine.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.321-327
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• 2011

In this study, quantitative analysis was developed using HPLC/UVD for the quality evaluation of Scutellariae Radix. For quantitative analysis, six major bioactive compounds were assessed. The separation conditions employed for HPLC/UVD were optimized using Phenomenex $C_{18}$ column ($250{\times}4.6$ mm, 5 ${\mu}m$) with a gradient of solvent A (1% acetic acid of $H_2O$) and solvent B (acetonitrile : methanol : acetic acid = 70 : 30 : 1) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and a detection wavelength of 275 nm. These methods were fully validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision and recovery. The HPLC/UVD method was applied successfully to the quantification of six major compounds in the extract of Scutellariae Radix. The results indicate that the established HPLC/UVD method is suitable for the quantitative analysis and quality control of multicomponents in Scutellariae Radix.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

Activity-guided separation of the methylene chloride-soluble fraction of the leaves of Zanthoxylum schinifolium, resulted in the isolation of four coumarinoids (1 - 4), two triterpenoids (5, 6) and three fatty acid derivatives (7 - 9) as active principles. Their chemical structures were identified as collinin (1), 8-methoxyanisocoumarin (2), 7-(6'R-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethylocta-2',7'-dienyloxy)-coumarin (3), (E)-4-methly-6-(coumarin-7'-yloxy) hex-4-enal (4), lupeol (5), epi-lupeol (6), phytol (7), hexadec-3-enoic acid (8) and palmitic acid (9), on the basis of spectroscopic (1D, 2D and MS) data analyses and comparing with the data published in the literatures. Compounds 1 and 7 showed potent cytotoxicity against Jurkat T cells with $IC_{50}$ values of 45.58 and $47.51{\mu}M$, respectively. The others showed moderate activity with $IC_{50}$ values ranging around 80.58 to $85.83{\mu}M$, while the positive control, auraptene, possessed an $IC_{50}$ value of $55.36{\mu}M$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.914-920
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• 2002

Nonlinear flow-induced vibration characteristics of a generic missile wing (or control surface) are investigated in this study. The wing model has freeplay structural nonlinearity at its pitch axis. Nonlinear aerodynamic flows with unsteady shock waves are considered in the transonic flow region. To practically consider the effects of freeplay structural nonlinearity, the fictitious mass method (FMM) is applied to structural vibration analysis based on a finite element method (FEM). A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique is used for computing the nonlinear unsteady aerodynamics of all-movable wings. The aerodynamic analysis is based on the efficient transonic small-disturbance aerodynamic equations of motion using the potential-flow theory. To solve the nonlinear aeroelastic governing equations including the freeplay effect, a modal-based computational structural dynamic (CSD) analysis technique based on fictitious mass method (FMM) is used in time-domain. In addition, CSD and unsteady CFD techniques are simultaneously coupled to give accurate computational results. Various aeroelastic computations have been performed for a generic missile wing model. Linear and nonlinear aeroelastic computations have been conducted and the characteristics of flow-induced vibration are introduced.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.502-511
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• 2008

This study was designed to develop a new algorithm to extract the voluntary EMG and the evoked EMG from a mixed EMG generated when the muscle is stimulated both voluntarily and by electrical stimulation in the FES system. The proposed parallel filter algorithm consists of three phases: (1) Fourier transform of the mixed EMG, (2) multiplication of the transformed signal to two frequency functions, and (3) inverse Fourier transform. Four incomplete spinal cord injured patients participated in the experiments to evaluate the algorithm by measuring the knee extensor torque and the EMG signals from the quadriceps. Two functions of the algorithms were evaluated: (1) extraction of the evoked EMG and (2) the voluntary EMG from the mixed EMG. The results showed that the algorithm enabled us to separate the two EMG components in real time from the mixed EMG. The algorithm can and will be used for estimating the voluntary torque and the evoked torque independently through an artificial neural network based on the two EMG components, and also for generating a trigger signal to control the on/off time of the FES system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.71-77
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• 2010

This paper presents the results of a study on flexural capacity of large size RC slabs strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) plates. A total of 5 specimens of 6.0m length were tested in four point bending after strengthening them with externally bonded CFRP plates. The CFRP plates were bonded without prestress and with two prestress levels, 0.4% and 0.6% of CFRP plate strain. Test variables included the type of strengthening, prestressing level, and the effects according to each test variables are analysed. The experimental results show that proposed methods can increase significantly the flexural capacity such as strength, stiffness of the beam and the increase ranged between 36.2% and 63.2% of the load-carrying capacity of the control beams. The non-prestressed specimen failed by separation of the plate from the beam due to premature debonding while most of the prestressed specimens failed by CFRP plate fracture. And the cracking loads and maximum loads were increased proportionally to the prestress level.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.95-103
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• 2006

Objective: Gami-Samhwang-San, a herbal prescription for obesity treatment, is composed of seven crude herbs such as Ephedrae Herba, Scutellariae Radix, Acori Gramineri Rhizoma, Polygalae Radix, Typhae Pollen, Armeniacae Semen, Nelumbo Folium. This study was aimed to evaluate marker substances in n-butanol fraction (SH-21-B) from Gami-Samhwang-San by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). And we predicted inhibition activity of major compounds of Gami-Samhwang-San using Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSAR) Methods: The separation was performed on a YMC J,sphere-H80 CI8(250${\times}$4.6 mm I.D) column by gradient elution with $H_3PO_4$ buffers in acetonitrile as the moblie phase at a flow-rate of 1.0ml/min. Results: HPLC was employed to determine the quantities and the qualities of several marker substances such as ephedrine, pseudoephedirne, baicalin, ${\beta}-asarone$, tenuifoliside, naringenin, amygdalin and hyperoside in the SH-21-B. Conclusion: We suggest this results could be a useful evidence for quality control of SH-21-B.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.40-45
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• 2005

Techniques used for throcket motors are mainly classified as fixed nozzles with mechanical exhaust jet interferences on the expansion region (such as jet tabs and jet vanes) and movable nozzles(such as ball&socket md flexible seal). Using the numerical analysis and the cold-flow test, this paper evaluates the performance of supersonic nozzle for asymmetric entrance shape at tilted position of ball&socket nozzle. Numerical results show that the asymmetric effects in the flow fields are gradually diminished up to the nozzle throat and are not noticeable downstream of the nozzle throat. Although the calculated thrust and the lateral force are less than those of cold-flow test, two results show a flirty good agreement.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.639-643
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• 2003

The emphasis is put on the detailed knowledge on manoeuvring characteristic for the safe navigation while avoiding terrible collision between ships and on the guideline to the design and operation of the ship-waterway system The numerical simulation of manoeuvring motion was carried out parametrically for different ship types, ship-velocity ratios, separation and stagger between ships. As for the calculation parameters, the ratios of velocity difference (hereafter, $U_2$/$U_1$ ) between two ships were considered as 0.6, 1.2, 1.5. From the inspection of this investigation, it indicates the following result. Considering the interaction force only as parameter, the lateral distance between ships is necessarily required for the ship-velocity ratio of 1.2, compared to the cases of 0.6 and 1.5 regardless of the ship types. Furthermore, regardless of the ship-velocity ratio, an overtaking and overtaken vessel can be manoeuvred safely without deviating from the original course under the following conditions: the lateral distance between two vessels is approximately kept at 0.5 times of ship-length and 5 through 10. degrees of range in maximum rudder angle. The manoeuvring characteristic based on this investigation will be very useful for keeping the safety of navigation from the practical point of ships design and traffic control in restricted waterways.