• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.677-681
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• 1999

Purificationi of egg yolk immunoglobulin(IgY) was performed to understand the property of egg immunoglobulin. IgY differs from mammalian IgY in the molecular size(larger), isoelectric point(more acidic), and binding ability with mammalian complement and protein A(nonbinding ability). IgY is also known as ${\gamma}$-livetin and exists in egg yolk together with other two water-solubel proteins, ${\alpha}$-livetin(chicken serum albumin) and ${\beta}$-livetin(${\alpha}_2$-glycoprotein) and various lipoproteins(Low density lipoprotein, LDL and High density lipoprotein, HDL) which are the major components of egg yolk. The first step of isolation of IgY is to separate the water-solube proteins from lipoproteins. We report a simple method for separation of water soluble proteins using k-carrageenan and sedimentation. k-carrageenan was found to be effective for removal of yolk lipoprotein as a precipitate. IgY remained supernatant, and was isolated by chromatography on columns of DEAE-Sephacel and G 75 gel filtration chromatography.

• Carbon letters
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2003

Recently, the control of pore-characteristics of nano-porous materials has been studied extensively because of their unique applications, which includes size-selective separation, gas adsorption/storage, heterogeneous catalysis, etc. The most widely adopted techniques for controlling pore characteristics include the utilization of pillar effect by metal oxide and of templates such as zeolites. More recently, coordination polymers constructed by transition metal ions and bridging organic ligands have afforded new types of nano-porous materials, porous metal-organic framework(porous MOF), with high degree and uniformity of porosity. The pore characteristics of these porous MOFs can be designed by controlling the coordination number and geometry of selected metal, e.g transition metal and rare-earth metal, and the size, rigidity, and coordination site of ligand. The synthesis of porous MOF by the assembly of metal ions with di-, tri-, and poly-topic N-bound organic linkers such as 4,4'-bipyridine(BPY) or multidentate linkers such as carboxylates, which allow for the formation of more rigid frameworks due to their ability to aggregate metal ions into M-O-C cluster, have been reported. Other porous MOF from co-ligand system or the ligand with both C-O and C-N type linkage can afford to control the shape and size of pores. Furthermore, for the rigidity and thermal stability of porous MOF, ring-type ligand such as porphyrin derivatives and ligands with ability of secondary bonding such as hydrogen and ionic bonding have been studied.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2022

Presence of ammonia in drinking water is very toxic to human health. Soluble ammonia contaminates ground water due to activities such as the use of fertilizer in crop, industrial effluents and burning of fossil fuel. Even low concentration of ammonia present in water will damage aqua environment such as marine organism. Membrane technology is an important process to remove ammonia from effectively from water. Flat sheet membrane, membrane contactor and membrane distillation are some of the methods used for water purification from ammonia. Membrane contractor is an efficient process in which ammonia is removed through liquid-gas or liquid-liquid mass transfer without change of phase unlike membrane distillation. However, the cost of ammonia removal in this method is high due to maintenance of very high pH. Zeolite has excellent ion exchange ability that enhances its ability to interact with ammonia and adsorb from wastewater. Mixed matrix membranes containing zeolite enhance the efficiency of ammonia adsorption and separation from wastewater. In this review the above discussed issues are summarized in detail.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.711-715
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• 1990

Continuous column chromatographic separation of lysozyme from egg white was investigated. A weak acid type cation exchange resin, Duolite C-464, was used because of high lysozyme recovery and ease of column operation in this experiment. The resin was equilibrated at $pH\;7.9{\pm}0.1$ in Na+form. Continuous lysozyme separation was processed by repeating cycles(one cycle : resin equilibration, flow egg white, rinse, lysozyme elution) in automated preparative Liquid Chromatography(LC) system(column size ; i.d. 50 mm, resin bed volumn ; 1020 ml). At comparison of UV levels in rinse end point and elution end point of every cycle, the UV levels of rinse end point are maintained below 30% for 19 cycles and that of elution end point are also maintained below 30% for 17 cycles, stably, but was increased above 50% after 18 cycle. That indicated the eluting ability of lysozyme was reduced conspicuously after 18 cycle in continuous cycling process. The recovery of lysozyme was maintained above 90% from one to 17 cycle, but was decreased to 72% and 65% in 18 cycle and 19 cycle, respectively.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 1992

In the our country, especially in Yeongil and Wolsung area, abundant authigenic zeolites are found from the tuffaceous sediments and volcanic rocks of Miocene age showing wide variation in their mineralogy and abundance from horizon to horizon. The principal zeolite species identified are clinopti-lolite. mordenite. heulandite. ferrierite, and erionite. etc. Zeolite minerals are widely used in many countries in the following applications; (a) in air separation adsorption processes; (b)as desiccants; (c)in inorganic building materials; (d)in papermaking; (e)in fertilizers; (f)as soilconditioners-this application is based upon the ability of the zeolite to ion exchange with soil nutrients; (g)in the treatment of radioactive wastes; and (h)as adsorbents for toxic gases, etc. In the present paper, using natural zeolite mordenite treated with IN hydrochloric acid or IN sodium chloride solution as column packings, separation characteristics of argon, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane gases have been studied by gas chromatography. By the use of mordenite treated with hydrochloric acid solution, the tailing peak of methane showed from untreated mordenite was satisfactorily reduced, although it was difficult to separate it from carbon monoxide with a column activated at $300^{\circ}C$. Using a column activated at $350^{\circ}C$, methane could be separated from carbon monoxide easily but only carbon monoxide eluted as a bad defined peak. Mordenite treated with sodium chloride solution was generally similar to chromatograms obtained by using the untreated mordenite. Both the above chemical treatments of mordenite had little effect on the separations of argon and nitrogen. The separations and the HETP values obtained from natural zeolite mordenite treated with continuously hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride solutions were almost identical with those obtained with synthetic molecular sieve 5A zeolite. On the other hand, the efficiency of column was good in the range 20~3Oml/min of the carrier helium gas rate.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.366-375
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• 2023

Background: Ginseng contains three active components: ginsenosides, gintonin, and polysaccharides. After the separation of 1 of the 3 ingredient fractions, other fractions are usually discarded as waste. In this study, we developed a simple and effective method, called the ginpolin protocol, to separate gintonin-enriched fraction (GEF), ginseng polysaccharide fraction (GPF), and crude ginseng saponin fraction (cGSF). Methods: Dried ginseng (1 kg) was extracted using 70% ethanol (EtOH). The extract was water fractionated to obtain a water-insoluble precipitate (GEF). The upper layer after GEF separation was precipitated with 80% EtOH for GPF preparation, and the remaining upper layer was vacuum dried to obtain cGSF. Results: The yields of GEF, GPF, and cGSF were 14.8, 54.2, and 185.3 g, respectively, from 333 g EtOH extract. We quantified the active ingredients of 3 fractions: L-arginine, galacturonic acid, ginsenosides, glucuronic acid, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), phosphatidic acid (PA), and polyphenols. The order of the LPA, PA, and polyphenol content was GEF > cGSF > GPF. The order of L-arginine and galacturonic acid was GPF >> GEF = cGSF. Interestingly, GEF contained a high amount of ginsenoside Rb1, whereas cGSF contained more ginsenoside Rg1. GEF and cGSF, but not GPF, induced intracellular [Ca²⁺]_i transient with antiplatelet activity. The order of antioxidant activity was GPF > GEF = cGSF. Immunological activities (related to nitric oxide production, phagocytosis, and IL-6 and TNF-α release) were, in order, GPF > GEF = cGSF. The neuroprotective ability (against reactive oxygen species) order was GEF > cGSP > GPF. Conclusion: We developed a novel ginpolin protocol to isolate 3 fractions in batches and determined that each fraction has distinct biological effects.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2013

Magnetic nanoparticle based bioseparation in microfluidics is a multiphysics phenomenon that involves interplay of various parameters. The ability to understand the dynamics of these parameters is a prerequisite for designing and developing more efficient magnetic cell/bio-particle separation systems. Therefore, in this work proof-of-concept experiments are combined with advanced numerical simulation to design and optimize the capturing process of magnetic nanoparticles responsible for efficient microfluidic bioseparation. A low cost generic microfluidic platform was developed using a novel micromolding method that can be done without a clean room techniques and at much lower cost and time. Parametric analysis using both experiments and theoretical predictions were performed. It was found that flow rate and magnetic field strength greatly influence the transport of magnetic nanoparticles in the microchannel and control the capturing efficiency. The results from mathematical model agree very well with experiments. The model further demonstrated that a 12% increase in capturing efficiency can be achieved by introducing of iron-grooved bar in the microfluidic setup that resulted in increase in magnetic field gradient. The numerical simulations were helpful in testing and optimizing key design parameters. Overall, this work demonstrated that a simple low cost experimental proof-of-concept setup can be synchronized with advanced numerical simulation not only to enhance the functional performance of magneto-fluidic capturing systems but also to efficiently design and develop microfluidic bioseparation systems for biomedical applications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.62-63
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• 2015

In this paper, to prevent overspending of the CM Fee, Agent CM for the normal work-oriented, Willing to separate order model being used in the construction, using a multi-national grouping Go to offer the right company, a number of groups according to the appropriate CM Fee setting is aimed to suggest a reasonable basis. This paper does not use the domestic point of order characteristic of the model, and using a different theory of affinity grouping projection method is presented. The main disadvantage of the domestic order model because it is a contractual relationship, the contractual relationship as unified as possible by the most reasonable way of construction and construction capabilities and commercialization agreement upon the ability of companies also expect to be very helpful. The grouping by using the multi-order construction of the separation problem of the increase and thus the management object construction type administration was to solve the problem.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.385-392
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• 2018

Poly vinyl chloride (PVC) was chemically modified, and used for ultrafiltration to analyze the performance. Non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method was used to prepare membranes. The neat PVC membrane was casted and used as a control membrane. Modified membrane was prepared by reacting PVC with ethanolamine (EA) in the casting solution (labeled as CM-PVC). Pure water permeability (PWP) was evaluated by measuring pure water flux. Humic acid was used as model foulant solute to analyze flux and rejection ability of membranes. Flux and rejection data of neat and modified membranes were compared to prove the improvement in the filtration performance. The experimental results showed that for PVC and CM-PVC, PWP was calculated to be ~64 and ${\sim}143L/m^2{\cdot}h$, respectively, and the rejection of humic acid was found to be 98% and 100%, respectively. TGA was carried out to analyze the effect of chemical modification on the thermal stability of polymer. FT-IR analysis was another characterization technique used for the comparative study.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.14-14
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• 2009

High frequency electromagnetic(EM) waves are increasingly being applied in industries because of saturationat lower frequency bands as a result of huge demand. However, electromagneticinterference (EMI) has become a serious problem, and as a result, highfrequency EM absorbers are now being extensively studied. Also, recentdevelopments in absorber technology have focused on producing absorbers thatare thin, flexible, and strong. Hence, one-dimension ferrous nano-materials area potential research field, because of their interesting electronic andmagnetic properties. Commercially, EM wave absorbing products are made ofcomposites, which blend the insulating polymer with magnetic fillers. Inparticular, the shape of the magnetic fillers, such flaky, acicular, or fibrousmagnetic metal particles, rather than spherical, is essential for synthesizingthin and lightweight EM wave absorbers with higher permeability. High aspectratio materials exhibit a higher permeability value and therefore betterabsorption of the EM wave, because of electromagnetic anisotropy. Nanowires areusually fabricated by drawing, template synthesis, phase separation, selfassembly, and electrospinning with a thermal treatment and reduction process.Producing nanowires by the electrospinning method involves a conventionalsol-gel process that is simple, unique, and cost-effective. In thispresentation, Magnetic nanowire and dielectric materials coated magneticnanowire with a high aspect ratio were successfully synthesized by theelectrospinning process with heat treatment and reduction. In addition toestimating the EM wave absorption ability of the synthesized magnetic anddielectric materials coated magnetic nanowire with a network analyzer, weinvestigated the possibility of using these nanowires as high-frequency EM waveabsorbers. Furthermore, a wide variety of topics will be discussed such as thetransparent conducting nanowire and semiconducting nanowire/tube with theelectrospinning process.