• Food Science and Industry
• /
• v.53 no.1
• /
• pp.69-83
• /
• 2020

For the development of the chitosan industry in Korea, the catch of red snow crabs caught on the east coast is rapidly decreasing. Therefore, it is urgent to develop raw materials that can replace the red snow crab as the top priority to solve the supply and demand problems, as well as wastewater treatment costs account for a large proportion of the cost of chitosan. In order to solve the problems, continuous research on biological extraction methods such as enzymatic extraction and microbial fermentation will increase production efficiency and lower unit cost as well as chemical extraction methods. Further efficient manufacturing method can be established. Establishing of novel techniques is indispensable for production of high-purity chitosan and the ability to regulate and separate the molecular weight, as well as joint research with industry, academia and research institute for the research and development of high-functional chitosan derivatives.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Next Generation Computing
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.31-39
• /
• 2018

Recently, there has been active studies to provide a user-friendly interface in a virtual reality environment by recognizing user hand gestures based on deep learning. However, most studies use separate sensors to obtain hand information or go through pre-process for efficient learning. It also fails to take into account changes in the external environment, such as changes in lighting or some of its hands being obscured. This paper proposes a hand gesture recognition method based on deep learning that is strong in external environments without the need for pre-process of RGB images obtained from general webcam. In this paper we improve the VGGNet and the GoogLeNet structures and compared the performance of each structure. The VGGNet and the GoogLeNet structures presented in this paper showed a recognition rate of 93.88% and 93.75%, respectively, based on data containing dim, partially obscured, or partially out-of-sight hand images. In terms of memory and speed, the GoogLeNet used about 3 times less memory than the VGGNet, and its processing speed was 10 times better. The results of this paper can be processed in real-time and used as a hand gesture interface in various areas such as games, education, and medical services in a virtual reality environment.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2022

Recently, damage to buildings due to earthquakes in Korea occurred mainly in school buildings and Piloti-type multi-family houses, highlighting the need for seismic retrofit for buildings of the same type. In the early days of the seismic retrofit project for school facilities, various patented methods using dampers as a ductile seismic retrofit method were applied without sufficient verification procedures. However, in 「School Facility Seismic Performance Evaluation and Retrofit Manual, 2021」, when the patented method is applied, it must be applied through a separate strict verification procedure, and instead, the strength/stiffness retrofit method was induced as a general method. In practice,when evaluating seismic performance for retrofit by infilled steel frame with brace, the analysis model is constructed by directly connecting only the steel brace to the existing RC member. However, if the frame is removed from the analysis model of the infilled steel frame with brace, the force reduction occurring on the existing RC member near the retrofit is considered to be very large, and this is judged to affect the review of whether to retrofit the foundation or not. Therefore, in this study, preliminary analysis with variables such as whether or not steel frame is taken into account and frame link method for the analysis model of RC school building retrofitted by infilled steel frame with brace and nonlinear analysis for actual 3-story school building was performed, and basic data for rational analysis model setting were presented by comparing preliminary analysis and pushover analysis results for each variable.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2022

Modern production requires production staff who have design competence, experience and skills to work in various types of work integrated into professional activities. Possession of digital design methods significantly expands the opportunities for professional activities of qualified workers. The purpose of our study was to study the impact of pedagogical conditions on the formation of design competence of future qualified workers in a group work. We have identified a set of pedagogical conditions that promote the development of professionally oriented artistic and technical creativity of workers in the conditions of curricular and extracurricular activities, which include motivational-target, procedural-semantic, organizational-technological, and subject-oriented. It is shown that the formation of design competence is determined by motivational, informational-active and reflection criteria, which are aimed at motivational-value, cognitive, operational-active, creative, social and emotional components of this competence. The methodology of the research is highlighted, which includes the use of the following methods: determination of the personality's motivational sphere in order to identify strong and weak motives of students activity; multiple intelligence to identify students talents in the direction of practical intelligence, which is important for design competence; determining the level of creative activity to identify manifestations of students creative abilities; identifying the type of students innovative thinking in order to develop motivation for success; factor-criterion model, developed on the basis of a qualimetric approach, which is used to identify the level of design competence formation in accordance with its components. The results of the study showed that the creation of separate pedagogical conditions in the institution of vocational education and training (VET) had a positive impact on the development of design competence, which shows the potential of artistic and technical design in the development of professional creativity of future qualified workers taking into account the environmental approach.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.47-72
• /
• 2022

This study identified the current status and degree of awareness of specialized libraries through a survey of public library employees in relation to specialized library projects supported and promoted by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and local governments and sought policy directions to revitalize specialized libraries in the future. As a result of the analysis, local (region) was the most common specialized topic, but there were many places that selected topics according to the interest of policymakers. In the case of the data, less than 5% of the total books are specialized, and specialized subject-related programs account for more than 20% of the total library programs, providing an average of three to four programs, and operating personnel generally do not deploy dedicated librarians. When specialized topics meet regional characteristics, when there are separate buildings or specialized rooms, there are two to three dedicated librarians, at least 15% of specialized books, and more than five to six programs, the user's awareness and satisfaction were higher. In order to revitalize specialized libraries, it is necessary to secure additional books, organize differentiated programs, arrange exclusive librarians, provide subject-specialized education through the Korea Library Association and regional representative libraries, develop and distribute specialized and target service manuals, and secure a sufficient budget.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.152-160
• /
• 2023

Sound barrier walls are the most basic way to cope with noise problems in urban residential environments. The most important acoustic function of sound insulation board is represented by sound transmission loss and sound absorption coefficient. However, Korea has not yet established a standard for measuring the sound absorption rate of sound insulation boards. In addition, even in the European standard, where the overall acoustic standard of soundproofing boards has already been established, the sound absorption rate is applied only to the standard for measuring the sound absorption rate of general building finishing materials, and a separate measurement method considering the characteristics of soundproof walls and soundproofing boards is not presented. The sound absorption coefficient should be evaluated by summing up the energy absorbed into the material as well as the energy transmitted through the material, but the current European standard has a problem in that the transmitted sound energy is not taken into account. In this paper, we reviewed the sound absorption coefficient measurement standards of sound insulation boards currently being presented, and verified the difference between the results and the new measurement method considering transmission sound for sound insulation boards actually used in Korea.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.163-177
• /
• 2023

Complex and intricate preparation techniques, the imperative for utmost precision and sensitivity in instrumentation, premature sample failure, and fragile specimens collectively contribute to the arduous task of measuring the fracture toughness of concrete in the laboratory. The objective of this research is to introduce and refine an equation based on the gene expression programming (GEP) method to calculate the fracture toughness of reinforced concrete, thereby minimizing the need for costly and time-consuming laboratory experiments. To accomplish this, various types of reinforced concrete, each incorporating distinct ratios of fibers and additives, were subjected to diverse loading angles relative to the initial crack (α) in order to ascertain the effective fracture toughness (Keff) of 660 samples utilizing the central straight notched Brazilian disc (CSNBD) test. Within the datasets, six pivotal input factors influencing the Keff of concrete, namely sample type (ST), diameter (D), thickness (t), length (L), force (F), and α, were taken into account. The ST and α parameters represent crucial inputs in the model presented in this study, marking the first instance that their influence has been examined via the CSNBD test. Of the 660 datasets, 460 were utilized for training purposes, while 100 each were allotted for testing and validation of the model. The GEP model was fine-tuned based on the training datasets, and its efficacy was evaluated using the separate test and validation datasets. In subsequent stages, the GEP model was optimized, yielding the most robust models. Ultimately, an equation was derived by averaging the most exemplary models, providing a means to predict the Keff parameter. This averaged equation exhibited exceptional proficiency in predicting the Keff of concrete. The significance of this work lies in the possibility of obtaining the Keff parameter without investing copious amounts of time and resources into the CSNBD test, simply by inputting the relevant parameters into the equation derived for diverse samples of reinforced concrete subject to varied loading angles.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.35 no.11
• /
• pp.835-860
• /
• 2013

Recently, the consumption of nanomaterials has been significantly increased in both industrial and commercial sectors, as a result of steady advancement in the nano-technologies. This ubiquitous use of nanomaterials has brought up the concern that their exposure to environments may cause detrimental effects on human health as well as natural ecosystems, and it is required to characterize their behavior in various environmental media and to evaluate their ecotoxicity. For the sake of accomplishing those assessments, the development of methods to effectively separate them from diverse media and to quantify their properties should be requisitely accompanied. Among a number of separation techniques developed so far, this study focuses on Field-Flow Fractionation (FFF) because of its strengths, such as relatively less disturbance of samples and simple pretreatment, and we review overseas and domestic literatures on the separation of nanomaterials using the FFF technique. In particular, researches with Flow Field-Flow Fractionation (FlFFF) are highlighted due to its most frequent application among FFF techniques. The basic principle of the FlFFF is briefly introduced and the studies conducted so far are classified and scrutinized based on the sort of target nanomaterials for the purpose of furnishing practical data and information for the researchers struggling in this field. The literature review suggests that the operational conditions, such as pretreatment, selection of membrane and carrier solution, and rate (velocity) of each flow, should be optimized in order to effectively separate them from various matrices using the FFF technique. Moreover, it seems to be a prerequisite to couple or hyphenate with several detectors and analyzers for quantification of their properties after their separation using the FFF. However, its application has been restricted regarding the types of target nanomaterials and environmental media. Furthermore, domestic literature data on both separation and characterization of nanomaterials are extremely limited. Taking into account the overwhelmingly increasing consumption of nanomaterials, the efforts for the area seem to be greatly urgent.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.43-61
• /
• 2016

Customer reviews help potential customers make purchasing decisions. However, the prevalence of reviews on websites push the customer to sift through them and change the focus from a mere search to identifying which of the available reviews are valuable and useful for the purchasing decision at hand. To identify useful reviews, websites have developed different mechanisms to give customers options when evaluating existing reviews. Websites allow users to rate the usefulness of a customer review as helpful or not. Amazon.com uses a ratio-type helpfulness, while Yelp.com uses a count-type usefulness index. This usefulness index provides helpful reviews to future potential purchasers. This study investigated the effects of sentiment and readability on useful votes for customer reviews. Similar studies on the relationship between sentiment and readability have focused on the ratio-type usefulness index utilized by websites such as Amazon.com. In this study, Yelp.com's count-type usefulness index for restaurant reviews was used to investigate the relationship between sentiment/readability and usefulness votes. Yelp.com's online customer reviews for stores in the beverage and food categories were used for the analysis. In total, 170,294 reviews containing information on a store's reputation and popularity were used. The control variables were the review length, store reputation, and popularity; the independent variables were the sentiment and readability, while the dependent variable was the number of helpful votes. The review rating is the moderating variable for the review sentiment and readability. The length is the number of characters in a review. The popularity is the number of reviews for a store, and the reputation is the general average rating of all reviews for a store. The readability of a review was calculated with the Coleman-Liau index. The sentiment is a positivity score for the review as calculated by SentiWordNet. The review rating is a preference score selected from 1 to 5 (stars) by the review author. The dependent variable (i.e., usefulness votes) used in this study is a count variable. Therefore, the Poisson regression model, which is commonly used to account for the discrete and nonnegative nature of count data, was applied in the analyses. The increase in helpful votes was assumed to follow a Poisson distribution. Because the Poisson model assumes an equal mean and variance and the data were over-dispersed, a negative binomial distribution model that allows for over-dispersion of the count variable was used for the estimation. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression was used to model count variables with excessive zeros and over-dispersed count outcome variables. With this model, the excess zeros were assumed to be generated through a separate process from the count values and therefore should be modeled as independently as possible. The results showed that positive sentiment had a negative effect on gaining useful votes for positive reviews but no significant effect on negative reviews. Poor readability had a negative effect on gaining useful votes and was not moderated by the review star ratings. These findings yield considerable managerial implications. The results are helpful for online websites when analyzing their review guidelines and identifying useful reviews for their business. Based on this study, positive reviews are not necessarily helpful; therefore, restaurants should consider which type of positive review is helpful for their business. Second, this study is beneficial for businesses and website designers in creating review mechanisms to know which type of reviews to highlight on their websites and which type of reviews can be beneficial to the business. Moreover, this study highlights the review systems employed by websites to allow their customers to post rating reviews.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.13
• /
• pp.423-449
• /
• 2007

This research is to investigate the detention facilities of police stations and their real operations through the perceptions of detainees at police station cells and to present the policy suggestions for them. To fulfill the research, a questionnaire was made out on the basis of 'the Regulation on Detention and Escort for Suspects'. 'the Regulation on a Standard Plan for Detention Facilities' and 'the Regulation on the Lowest Standard to Treat Detainees' ; and detainees at 23 police station cells under the jurisdiction of Kyungbuk Local Police Agency were asked to answer it. Policy suggestions following from the result of the investigation of detainees' perceptions of the detention facilities of the police stations are as follows; Firstly, the structure of police station cells should be arranged in straight lines in order to take their human rights into consideration and more detention facilities are needed to be built in order to separate male, female, handicapped and juvenile inmates. Secondly, shower rooms and washrooms outside the cells should always be open to detainees whenever they need to be used. Thirdly, any detention facilities deficient in fire fighting equipment should have exit doors installed as soon as possible in case of an emergency and provide sufficient fire extinguishers considering the number of detainees and the size of the facilities. Fourthly, the detention facilities should have sufficient windows for ventilation and take necessary measures to obtain natural lighting instead of electric lighting. Fifthly, air conditioners should be equipped properly taking account of the number of detainees and the dimensions of the facilities. Policy suggestions according to the result of the investigation of detainees' perceptions of the operation of detention facilities of police stations are as follows; Firstly, the problem of operating the detention facilities must deal with worn-out facilities and measures to secure the budget should be taken as soon as possible. Secondly, considering that most detained suspects have difficulties in livelihood, daily necessaries must be issued to them. Thirdly, personal belongings deposited by inmates must be properly managed with the same documentation throughout the police station detention facilities. The number of female guards to take exclusive charge of the physical checkups and processing of female detainees should be increased. Also the facilities for handicapped detainees must be expanded, improved and managed properly. Fourthly, except for handcuffs and ropes to bind detainees in the detention facilities, helmets to prevent self-harm must be withdrawn. The budget to improve the quality of meal issued by the government must be urgently secured and the price of private food sent to detainees must be readjusted to be in line with the consumer price. Health and medical care and sanitation for detainees must be substantial, and also sunbathing and outdoor exercises should be allowed to detainees.