• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.132-137
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• 2000

In June, the City of Seoul held a design competition for $\ulcorner$Seoul Park$\lrcorner$in Paris to promote friendly relations with its sister city. The purpose of this paper is to articulate the design concept of a scheme submitted by the author. The author interpreted the object of this design competition as follows: if we regards a park not as one of urban planning facilities but as a space for expressing a culture, $\ulcorner$Seoul Park$\lrcorner$in Paris is a space expressing Korean culture, or a culture of the City of Seoul in Paris, France. Three points were emphasized in this scheme: 1. Physical and non-physical aspects of Korean culture, or a culture of the City of Seoul were expressed separately. In physical part, a traditional Korean garden was reappeared to express its authenticity compared to its counterpart, French classical garden - its formal and grand style. In nonphysical part, Seoul's features and its citizen's facial expression were engraved on 'free standing walls' named 'Seoul Expression'. In addition, Korean traditional and modern performing arts will be performed in a square named as 'Seoul madang' surrounded by the free standing walls. 2. A space clearly divided by the fence was necessary to distinguish a traditional Korean garden from the place which looks like an amusement park. Traditional wall, mounding and pine tree groves were included. 3. Bamboo grove with the way taking a walk was introduced. The author expected that Parisian feels oriental mystery, the sound of wind, and the time lag of past and present in this sounding bamboo grove.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.192-201
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• 2001

Today, the availabity of usable pieces of land in urbanized areas is very limited. Specifically, it is very difficult to secure a piece of land to be used as a park for the public, mainly due to the high price of land in cities. However, the City of Seoul has carried out three action plans to secure land deemed for insufficient parks and to vitalize these small piece of land in downtown areas such as following: 1. Ssamzie-park(Korean version of a 'vest pocket park') Development Plan in 1990 through 1991. 2. Modernization Plan for Children's Parks since 1994. 3. Maeul-madang (Korean version of 'community garden')Development Plan since 1996. The purpose of this study was to present some design approaches for practical use of small urban spaces by articulating the concepts of Modernization Plan for Children's Park and Maeul-madang Development Plan of the winning entries and by describing how the concepts were actualized in reality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.97-114
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• 2019

This study aims to analyze the effect of urban ecosystem restoration projects by evaluating the short-term restoration performance of the project sites, from both qualitative and quantitative evaluations. In this study, for the qualitative evaluation, we derived the evaluation frame from previous studies and literature. For the quantitative evaluation, the changes in ecological connectivity after the restoration project were described using landscape permeability and network analysis. In addition, changes in habitat quality after the restoration project were evaluated by using InVEST Habitat Quality Model. These evaluations were applied to the three natural madang (ecological restoration) projects and two ecosystem conservation cooperation projects. As a result, three categories, 10 indicators, and 13 sub-indicators were derived from literature as the evaluation frame for this study. In the case of quantitative evaluation of restoration performance, habitat quality increased by 45% and ecological connectivity by 37% in natural-madang, and habitat quality by about 12% and ecological connectivity by about 19% in ecosystem conservation cooperation projects. This implies that the ecological restoration project can increase the ecological connectivity and the habitat quality of degraded sites even in a short period of time by improving the land-cover and land use. The results by applying the evaluation frame indicated that ecological and environmental factors and the ecological functions were improved by the restoration works, even though the magnitude of performances were diverse depending on the specific evaluation items, project type, and site characteristics. This study clarified that the success of ecological restoration project should be assessed by both of the short-term and long-term goals, which can be achieved by the maintenance and sustainable management, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2001

This paper presents a landscape design for the citizen plaza around the ˝Woojeongchongkuk˝(the 1st Korean postal building) where the ˝Gapsinjeongbyeon˝(1844 coup d´etat) occurred and which was once used as the ˝Jeoneoigam˝(a palace hospital). The site is located in 39 Kyeonji-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, and of which area is about 2,013$m^2$. The landscape design goals are to build traditional spaces which fit the traditional buildings and where people feel the old atmosphere; to build interesting spaces where people can learn the post and telegraphic history; and to build nature-friendly green rest spaces in the city. To achieve these goals, symbolic, traditional, educational, historical, and environmentally-friendly concepts are developed. With this concept the space is divided into two axis of the pst and telegraph of Korea. Along the two axis the Postage Stamp ˝Madang˝(yard), the Letter Garden, the Telegraphic ˝Ddeul˝(garden), the Communication Plaza, and the ˝Jeoneoigam˝(old palace hospital) and the ˝Gapsinjeongbyeon˝(1884 coup d´etat) Memorial Place are arranged. The Postal Stamp Madang which symbolizes the first Korean postage stamp is a space for studying history and evolution of stamps in Korea. The Letter Garden which symbolizes and formalizes a letter paper is composed with white bamboo trees which are planted linearly and long granite benches on which famous letters are carved. In the Telegraphic Ddeul which symbolizes the telegraph, the history of the telegraphic instrument and the telephone is exhibited. In the Communication Plaze which symbolizes future post and telegraph service extending to the world, the images of satellite communication, internet, webmail etc. are exhibited. The Jeoneoigan, and the Gapsinjeongbyeon Memorial Place is for memorializing the historic place and events. Throughout the whole place, various models and ceramic picture tiles about the post and telegraph and exhibited for effective education. In conclusion, sustainable management schemes for the site are suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.84-95
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the 6 entry plans of Seoul Park in Paris were representing the tradition by comparing and reviewing them. Entry plans proposed for Seoul Park revealed different approaches of representing traditional gardens. Through scrutinizing these plans, some similar and different aspects among them could be found out. In order to find out those aspects, the entry plans were analysed and compared into several categories such as design concepts, programs and spatial components. The main concern for analysing the entry plans focused on the issue of are presentation. Representing a Korean garden into Seoul Park depends on the manner of a representation, their objets and media. Objects are related to the contents. The contents can have various themes, events, places beyond the garedn. Meids is related to represent Korean tradition with what implement. The manner of a representation can be divided into three types; a direct representation, an abstract(metaphoric) representation and a destructive representation. We found the characteristics through analysing the entry plans that 1) Korean terrain, Korean thoughts, narrative promenade, past/present/Korea/Seoul, story telling through the Korea traditional fence were used as design concepts. 2) Traditional elements such as a traditional pavilion, fence, madang, hwagye, gate were generally chosen as essential elements for representing the Korean tradition. 3) Direct representations were ore broadly used than abstract and destructive representation as the manner of a representation. and 4) The entry plans show us a variety of possibilities of representing traditional gardens. Abstract and destructive representations of tradition can be found out in th several plans compared with other existing ocean gardens made in foreign countries. In establishing urban parks and ordinary landscapes, those strategies can be alternatives to represent the identity of Korea by reconciling tradition with invention.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.60-67
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• 2006

An architecture is a result from representation of design knowledge by architect's creative thinking, and operated only in his internal organization system. Design knowledge based upon the experience that they have achieved in the past as well as the informations they have accumulated over the time. In this point of view, the Schema that formed by problems settlement and process repetitions for the best conclusion, not only play an important part in the designer's thinking system about a specific problem but also appeared by distinctive features. This research looks to achieve a new design method by finding out how architects express traditionality in the contemporary house through schema. This research analyze contemporary house built in seoul of 1990's. The result are as followings. First, Schema is a 'frame' that already exist in the architect's thinking, will make a good guide about express the traditionality. Second, We found out several distinctive characters in the form and the space. The form is divided in five types. It is an condensed form of roof image, the metamorphosis of form grammar, the change of part details, the representation of design principle and the directly expression. Lastly, In the space, it is the borrow of the connection method of inside and external space, the three parts composition of the space, the adaptation of 'Madang' and the Independent composition of the space due to 'Chae'

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.51-59
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• 2001

This paper presents a design of the Dasan Children\`s Park which is located Shindang- dong, lung-gu, Seoul which has an area of about 3,678$m^2$. Objectives for the design were to make nature-friendly space, learning space, interesting play space, space for every child, adventure play space, traditional play space, sense of place, and recycle space. For the space compositions a children\`s garden, a traditional play space, and a science play space were located around the S shaped main route. Facilities relating nature, science, culture. environment and adventure play were arranged in the 3 main spaces. The Children\`s Garden is a green space for learning and playing with natural elements. It is composed of a ecological learning space, a children\`s story garden, a children\`s song road, an environmental labyrinth, and a pall space leer handicap children. The Science Play Place is a place space for learning scientific theories through plays to which scientific theories were applied. It is composed of a total play structure, a math experience playground, a \"Keojunggi\" play space, a sound reflecting experience space, arid an infant playground. The Traditional Play Madang(space) is a space for traditional plays. It is composed of a traditional play pattern, a sun dial, and a floor fountain. The Recycle Road is a dragon shaped road fort learning about resource recycling and conservation. It is composed of a dragon head, body, tail space and a dragon bead(cint mani).int mani).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.60-70
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• 2001

This landscape design proposal was presented to a design competition for Gwangjin-gu Community Center and Assembly Hall. The site is located in 227-7 Jayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul and is part a block designated as \`Kunkuk University Detailed Planning District\`. The judging criteria for landscape design set by the Gwangjin-gu could be articulated as follows: an identity of Gwangjin-gu, a relationship with surrounding environment, a locale as a community center of Gwangjin-gu, and an environment-friendly design. An identity of Gwangjin-gu was expressed by introducing lends and decks around the building which were transformed from the image of the old Gwangjin Ferry. The concept\` was strengthened by \`Nori-madang\` or Korean version of \`plaza\` which was designed by a motive of \`mungsuk\` or Korean old fashioned straw mat. An ambiguous relationship between the site and the surroundings was set by \`transparent exhibition frame\` which not only bleaks the massive Chungdam-daegyo, an elevated road, and frames it into small parts, but also attracts pedestrians toward the site-the \`park\`. Pedestrians from the adjacent\` Nengdong-ro Walkable Streets\` views the site through the many parts of frames. By introducing diverse resting and dynamic spaces for many kinds of cultural activities the site could function as a locale of the Gwangjin-gu community. The main paving system reflects the environment- friendly design. It was detailed by \`PC-block-deck-paving\` which was elevated from the ground so that rains could be absorbed.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.115-124
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• 2008

This study explores the beneficial methodology to increase cultural values of urban style Hanok, Korean traditional residence. Based on the literary geographical approach, this study defines the physical identities of special Bukchon Hanok area in Seoul. The explored physical identities are to provide basic fundamentals for supplying and maintaining new Hanok buildings, including how to preserve and restore the traditional Hanok areas. They are also to develop various Hanok related cultural products and to encourage Hanok popularization. In addition, this study is to add more the humane values and significances to the previous relevant researches. With these perspectives and through above mentioned methodology, the study draws the physical identities of Bukchon Hanok area and meanings as belows: The first one is the collective identity. Bukchon Hanok area is mainly composed of organic spaces with its collective scenary. Narrow alleys and curved lanes created by collective gaps between Hanok buildings, provide residents and visitors with abundant choices of moving path. The second one is the formal identity. Bukchon Hanok maintain their unique layout patterns. The basic units of Chae are combined in specific ways such as 'ㄱ', 'ㄷ', 'ㅁ' types and result typical formal expression of the area. The third one is grounding identity which represent the relationship between the earth and every-day living space. Each Chaes of house always surround Madang, Korean traditional court yard with rare vegetation. And the connection to the ground is transferred to the memories of its dwellers. Lastly, the current Hanok still preserve similar characteristics of past time Hanok such as materials, structure and styles by using unique building technics and exposing traditional ornamenting styles.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.101-110
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• 2020

This study was conducted through the analysis of literature and on-site research as a case study of 14 artists' gardens with traditional themes presented at the garden fair. With Focusing on the design process for determining traditional reproduction, the following characteristics and implications were derived by analyzing the design goals, selection of subjects for traditional reenactment, determination of methods for reproduction, and design stages of landscape components. First, the pattern of selecting traditional structures as subjects for reproduction in many artist gardens can be understood as an advantage of being suitable for narrow sites and having remarkable topic communicability. They directly delivered the design intent by adding the names of traditional structures such as Madang, Wool, Buttumak, Jangdokdae, Chuibyeong and Seokgasan. Works expressed indirectly, such as Wall, Korean Garden, Suwon, and Seoul craftsmen, have relatively weak topic communicability. There were also symbolic representations of objects to be reproduced, such as Seonbi, marginal spaces, and Pung-lyu. Second, while reproducing Hanok Madang, separate the gardens paved with grass and stone, the fortress wall of Suwon Hwaseong and the northwest Gongsimdon of the watchtower. Also the garden with a miniature version of the extraneous Yong-yeon and the garden, which was reproduced as a low decorative wall in the rest area based on Nakan-Eupseong Fortress, shows the need for a deep understanding of tradition. On the other hand, the reproducting works of choosing the location of the traditional garden, the Korean Garden showed the importance of systematic arrangement with the surrounding environment, the beauty of the space in the courtyard of Hanok, the beauty of the slowness enjoyed by the scholars and the reenactments of the Pung-lyu culture of Moonlight boating are not only imitating traditional structures but also spreading understanding of tradition to garden culture and sentiment. Third, there were many works that reconstructed the real-size traditional structure in a straightforward way in relation to design. The garden was divided into Chuibyeong and the living space was decorated with Buttumak, chimneys, and gardens, and facilities representing Gyeongbokgung Palace, Soswaewon, and Seoseokji were systemically arranged. However it recognized the importance of selecting the key design elements, constructing the elevation of the structure, and the sense of scale of the space from works that reproduced the large Suwon Hwaseong and Nakan-Eupseong in an abstract way. While there are examples gardens of Hanok yards and Bazawul, which are far from the original image among the gardens that chose the dismantling method, the Blank-space garden expressed only by a frame composed of cubes, and Seonbi's Sarangbang garden, that permeated the moonlight with many traditional structures are the positive examples. The Seoul Artisan Garden, Jikji Simche Garden and Pung-lyu Garden, which display modernly designed landscape components, need an explanation to understand the author's intention.