• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the prosodic pattern of the children with high functioning autism spectrum disorder(HFASD) according to sentence type. The participants were 18 children aged from 7 - 9 years; 9 children with HFASD and 9 typical development children(TD) of the same chronological age with HFASD children. Sentence reading tasks were conducted in this study. Seven interrogative sentences and 7 declarative sentences were presented to the participants and were asked to read the sentences three times. Mean values of F0, F0 range, intensity, speech rate and pitch contour were measured for each sentence. The results showed that for F0 range, significant main effect and interaction effect were observed in the subject group and sentence type. There were significant differences in intensity, mean F0, speech rate, pitch contour across sentence types. The results of this study indicated that HFASD showed no difference in intonation across sentence types. Speakers' intention may have a negative effect on pragmatic aspects. These results suggest that the assessment and intervention of prosody be important for HFASD.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2010

This paper proposes a method of automatically identifying sentence types in Korean and improving naturalness in sign language generation and speech synthesis using the identified sentence type information. In Korean, sentences are usually categorized into five types: declarative, imperative, propositive, interrogative, and exclamatory. However, it is also known that these types are quite ambiguous to identify in dialogues. In this paper, we present additional morphological and syntactic clues for the sentence type and propose a rule-based procedure for identifying the sentence type using these clues. The experimental results show that our method gives a reasonable performance. We also describe how the sentence type is used to generate non-manual signals in Korean-Korean sign language translation and appropriate intonation in Korean speech synthesis. Since the method of using sentence type information in speech synthesis and sign language generation is not much studied previously, it is anticipated that our method will contribute to research on generating more natural speech and sign language expressions.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.73-76
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to research Korean boundary tone of sentence type and perceptive speaker's attitude according to speech rate - three type. In view of the preceding study, Korean intonation's meaning is determined by boundary tone. Also, in my experimental results, Korean boundary tone of sentence type has preferential tone. However, Korean boundary tone of sentence type is not influential according to speech rate. The speech rate's change of three pattern is influential in auditor's perceptual response. The relationship between the pitch contour of boundary tone and speech rate is not significant.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.807-810
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• 2006

This letter presents a prediction model for sentence-final intonations for Korean conversational-style text-to-speech systems in which we introduce the linguistic feature of 'modality' as a new parameter. Based on their function and meaning, we classify tonal forms in speech data into tone types meaningful for speech synthesis and use the result of this classification to build our prediction model using a tree structured classification algorithm. In order to show that modality is more effective for the prediction model than features such as sentence type or speech act, an experiment is performed on a test set of 970 utterances with a training set of 3,883 utterances. The results show that modality makes a higher contribution to the determination of sentence-final intonation than sentence type or speech act, and that prediction accuracy improves up to 25% when the feature of modality is introduced.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.49-58
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• 2002

This study is to classify intonation types of sentence terminal in accordance with sentence form in Korean dialects. Intonation types of sentence terminal in declarative, interrogative (yes-no and wh-sentence), imperative, suggestive of Gyeongnam dialect are low fall, high fall, high fall, low fall, so are not distinctive by intonation, but distinctive by final ending morphemes. But those of Jungbu dialect are low fall, rise-fall and full rise, high level, low rise-fall. Those of Jeonnam dialect are low level, rise-fall and full rise, high level, high level. So those of Jungbu dialect are similar to Jeonnam dialect.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.433-442
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• 2016

This paper aims to define the relational logic of in-between code articles as well as within atomic sentences in Korean Building Code, as an intermediate research and development process for the automated building permit system of Korea. The approach depicted in this paper enables the software developers to figure out the logical relations in order to compose KBimCode and its databases. KBimCode is a computer-readable form of Korean Building Code sentences based on a logic rule-based mechanism. Two types of relational logic definition are described in this paper. First type is a logic definition of relation between code sentences. Due to the complexity of Korean Building code structure that consists of decree, regulation or ordinance, an intensive analysis of sentence relations has been performed. Code sentences have a relation based on delegation or reference each other. Another type is a relational logic definition in a code sentence based on translated atomic sentence(TAS) which is an explicit form of atomic sentence(AS). The analysis has been performed because the natural language has intrinsic ambiguity which hinders interpreting embedded meaning of Building Code. Thus, both analyses have been conducted for capturing accurate meaning of building permit-related requirements as a part of the logic rule-based mechanism.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.105-115
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• 2018

The descriptive-type question is appropriate for deep thinking ability evaluation, but it is not easy to grade. Since, even though same grading criterion, the graders produce different scores, we need the objective evaluation system. However, the system needs the Korean analysis. As the descriptive-type answering is described with the compound sentence, the system has to analyze the compound sentence. This paper develops the Korean syntactic-semantic analysis system for compound sentence and evaluates performance of the system. This system selects the modifiee of the word phrase using syntactic-semantic constraint and semantic dictionary. The 93% accurate rate shows that the system is effective. This system will be utilized in descriptive-type grading and Korean processing.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.111-119
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• 2009

For daily life interaction with human, robots need the capability of encoding and storing cognitive information and retrieving it contextually. In this paper, spatiotemporal grounding of cognitive information for a language based cognitive system is presented. The cognitive information of the event occurred at a robot is described with a sentence, stored in a memory, and retrieved contextually. Each sentence is parsed, discriminated with the functional type of it, and analyzed with argument structure for connecting to cognitive information. With the proposed grounding, the cognitive information is encoded to sentence form and stored in sentence memory with object descriptor. Sentences are retrieved for answering questions of human by searching temporal information from the sentence memory and doing spatial reasoning in schematic imagery. An experiment shows the feasibility and efficiency of the spatiotemporal grounding for advanced service robot.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.8
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• pp.369-387
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• 2006

Which syntactic function should we assign to the 'ga-type' constituent which occurs in the morphological passive constructions in Korean, [N0-neun N1-i Vpass-ending]? This problem is very important in two respects. First, a small change of status of the particle 'i/ga' can exert an overall influence on the Korean grammar. Second, the particle '-i/ga' cannot guarantee that 'ga-type' constituents are subject of the sentence, so that the concept of syntactic category should be distinguished from that of syntactic function. This paper claims that the analysis of sentence has long been focused on the structure of proposition, namely the argument structure and that the direction of analysis should be turned to the 'person structure' which can be revealed on the pragmatic level. On the basis of this, this paper suggests that the specific type of the morphological passive constructions in Korean, [N0-neun N1-i Vpass-ending] should be analysed in line with the psych-verb constructions and that the modal meaning 'potential' of the passive constructions is correlated with sentence pattern and 'person structure'.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.548-553
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• 1996

The sentence-final rising tones of interrogatives in Seoul dialect are contrastive at lesat in two groups. One is H-type which ends in a lower pitch, the other HH-type ending in a higher one. But they are different in terms of inclinational value, also. And the latter is more adequate criterion than the former which would be available in an ideal condition.