• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of parent education program with sensory integration approach on the parent's understanding of sensory processing ability of their own children with developmental delays. Methods : The period of this study is from March 15, 2015 to May 10, 2015. The participants of this study were thirty of parents who have children with developmental delays. The participants were randomly divided as experimental group (15 parents) and control group (15 parents) and an educational program was provided to those parents in the experimental group. The education program was developed based on sensory integration approach and 1:1 intensive individual counseling education. Short Sensory Profile (SSP) & a specially designed questionnaire were used to evaluate the parent's understanding of sensory processing ability of their children with developmental delays. The effect of between the groups was analyzed using an independent two samples t-test, and the effect of the intervention within a group was measured using the paired t-test. Results : After the intervention of parent education program, the total score of SSP was significantly decreased and the score of the parent questionnaire was significantly increased (p<.05). Conclusion : The results of this study show that parent education program with sensory integration approach is effective to improve the parent's understanding of sensory processing ability of their children with developmental delays. This study can be used as a good resource for therapists who is planning to provide sensory integration treatment for children with disabilities.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.294-303
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of sensory integration training on children with developmental delays. To achieve this goal, an educational experiment is conducted in five main areas: gross motor ability, fine motor ability, adaptive ability, language and social ability in children with developmental delay. The study subjects were children with developmental delays aged 3-6 years diagnosed at Beijing Institute of Pediatrics and Beijing Medical University and received sensory integration intervention and homebased training at the Golden Rain Forest Beijing Tongzhou Center from 2018 to 2021. According to the purpose of the analysis, the data collected are subjected to descriptive statistics using SPSS 21.0 statistical program, Two-way MANOVA analysis, and data analysis method of multivariate analysis is used to process the collected data. In addition, a total of 39 subjects were selected, including 19 children who received sensory integration training and 20 children who only received family training. The results show that the sensory integration training group outperformed the home training group in all aspects and developmental quotient, but the home training group also showed higher levels of significance for improvements in gross motor, fine motor and developmental quotient.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.25-36
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study is learning the characteristics of literature applying single subject researches in the field of sensory integration therapy of Korean occupational therapy and evaluating the quality level of them. Methods : Analyzed the characteristics of 17 single subject research papers (independent variable, study design, study subject, total number of session, study period, intervention time, intervention place, dependent variable, measuring tool and result) published between 2002 and 2013 using the document delivery service of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, National Discovery for Science Leaders (NDSL), Nuri Media (DBpia), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS) and National Assembly Library and evaluated the literatures using quality evaluation scale. Results : According to the analysis result on the literature characteristics, reversal design was the most used study method. Total number of session was 10 sessions to 34 sessions. Study period was 4 weeks to 16 weeks. Intervention time was 8 minutes to 70 minutes and most interventions were done in occupational therapy room or sensory integration therapy room. According to the result of quality level evaluation, 4 papers out of 17 papers were on high level and remaining papers were on intermediate level. However, there was no study which included intervention blind. Conclusion : Suggested standards that need to be supplemented and discussions on qualitative improvement including repetitive research on the mediation effect during the application of the single subject research methodology, the securement of adequate data sections, and processing of a mediation blind. It is expected to be used as basic data for conducting a better qualitative research in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.33-45
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• 2016

Objective : The purpose of this article is to study the effectiveness of a group occupational therapy for children via systematic review, and to provide clinical evidences. Methods : The systematic review initially included articles in Pubmed, Ovid, RISS, KISS, and DBpia, published until 2014. Total 14 articles have been chosen, using different keyword of each domestic/foreign studies. Selected articles were divided depending on the level of evidence, and eventually been organized into group PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome). Results : The results indicated that there are more diagnosed children than normal in participants and especially children with sensory integration disorder (28.6%) appeared to be the most common. In intervention, group sensory integrative intervention had the largest frequency, and instruments measuring social skills were used most for analyzing the intervention results. The effectiveness of interventions showing statistically significant results were 40.7% of Total. Conclusion : Group occupational therapy for children should be provided to various diagnosis with widely better quality of interventions providing the enough support for the evidence level.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.634-641
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• 2017

This case study investigated the effects of sensory integration therapy on social behaviors and feeding of children with intellectual disabilities who lack sensory processing abilities. The study was conducted done from September to December, 2016, and an ABA(two sessions, nine sessions, two sessions/total 13 sessions) design was used among Single Subject Research Design. Nine sessions of sensory integration program were conducted for 50 minutes each, and Wilbarger's Protocol was employed 2-3 times per day. To understand children's basic development levels, observation evaluation of each area and social maturity scale were conducted in the early stage. To Understand the children's sensory processes ability, a Sensory Profile(SP) was developed, while the activities of daily living and task performance ability scale were evaluated using the Functional Independence Measure for children(WeeFIM) and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure(COPM), respectively. Search behavior and feeding, which are social behaviors of children, were evaluated through observation. The results showed that the sensory integration program improves social behaviors of children and enables them to eat. The children's feeding was stable from the 5th session after the intervention, and the search behaviors started to change from 3 weeks after the intervention and became stable after 7 weeks. These results indicate that the sensory integration program is effective in mediating difficulties that children with intellectual disabilities who lack sensory processing ability experience in daily living.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.73-86
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• 2010

Problems in feeding habits could affect various aspects of children including growth, learning, communication, interaction with other children, etc. Oral consumption was defined as a participant opening his/her mouth, accepting food/liquid, and swallowing. A goal of the study is to find a method of evaluation and intervention of a child's feeding habits. Feeding is an important component in the early development of children and may have later consequences in the child's ability to participate successfully in their activities of daily life. Children show personal difference on the foods which they try first because stimuli from the foods are revealed as a mealtime behavior through sensory registration and processing. Feeding problems in sensory processing consist of tactile oversensitivity, oral refusal, tactile undersensitivity, and oral dyspraxia. In order to identify problems of sensory processing among feeding difficulties and plan intervention, the understanding of neurological processing and sensory processing characteristics related to feeding is necessary. Reviewing intervention for feeding problems related to sensory processing is required for an effective approach for feeding and providing better life for children.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the environmental enrichment therapy (EET) program on the task performance and sensory processing of children with delayed development. Methods : This study was conducted with a single-subject ABA research design for two children with developmental delay findings, and intervention was conducted 7 times a week for 4 weeks. Both children confirmed changes in task performance and sensory processing after intervention. Results : After intervention, task performance improved from an average of 200% to a maximum of 354% compared to the baseline period, and the score in the sensory processing area, which affects tactile processing, emotional response, and activity level, was improved to the normal category. Conclusion : Through this study, it was confirmed that the EET program was effective in performing tasks and sensory processing for children with developmental delays, and its usefulness was confirmed as a program that can be implemented at home.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

Objective : Purpose of this study is to discuss benefits and implications of the clinical reasoning process and re-evaluation in the OTIPM by introducing a single case that occupational therapy intervention is provided based on the OTIPM. Methods : The case subject is a boy aged 5 years and 10 month who had diagnosed as attachment disorder and anxiety disorder from a pediatric psychiatrist before. The boy is referred to sensory integration therapy clinic and underwent occupational therapy intervention service twice a week for four month. Therapeutic activities for the intervention were consisted of sensory integration activities for restorative model, care-giver education for educational model, and performance skill training for acquisitional model. Measurements used in the initial evaluation are JSI-R, DDST-2, Social Maturity Test, KPPS-R, and observation-based performance task analysis. For the performance task analysis, performance skill items were constructed based on the Occupational Therapy Process Framework (OTPF), and those were assessed by the evaluation system of Assessment of Motor and Process Skill (AMPS) and Evaluation of Social Participation (ESI). Results : The detail process of implementing of the OTIPM in this study is reported by following four phases; 1) establish client-centered performance context; 2) establish baseline and interpret cause (initial evaluation); 3) intervention planning and implementing; and 4) recognize intervention outcome (reevaluation). Conclusion : In this case, occupational therapist could provide the client an occupation-based intervention within comprehensive performance context based on the OTIPM. Therapist could clearly identify the cause of problematic performance skills and behaviors and so provide effective intervention to improve client's occupational performance. Additionally, it was found that client's satisfaction of the intervention can be raised when the concept of 'who is the client' is expanded based on the OTIPM. From this study, it is proposed that OTIPM may be a model educible 'comprehensive' enhancement of 'specific' occupational engagement, as it considers both improvement of occupational performance and satisfaction.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.47-62
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• 2008

Introduction : Sensory Integration(SI) theory, science it is developed by an occupational therapist A. Jean Ayres, is the one of the most popular frames of reference used in occupational therapy(OT) intervention. It has been proved as a scientific theory especially in neuroscience discipline through abundant research and practice. Occupational therapists apply the SI therapy with strong clinical reasoning to improve adaptive behaviors of their clients and try to link the adaptive behaviors with occupational performance in the clients' everyday life. One of the manners regarding clinical reasoning is Top-down approach. In occupational therapy discipline, Top-down approach is well-reflected within two evaluation tools; Canadian Occupational Performance Measure(COPM) and Assessment of Motor and Process Skills(AMPS) and two models of practice; Canadian Model of Occupational Performance(CMOP) and Occupational therapy intervention process model(OTIPM). Objective : The purpose of this paper demonstrates how SI therapy can be employed within OTIPM and how the OT process (evaluation-intervention-outcome) can be structuralized based on the Top-down approach. This single-case study recognizes the impact of a SI therapy for a male adolescent on his occupational performance. Intervention Examined : "P" was 16 years old male adolescent with no diagnosis and junior of the high school when he was referred. P was always with mouth opened, showed difficulties in gathering things need to be prepared and managing and paying money for shopping, and his colleges dislike getting close to him because he can't was his body well. AMPS was administrated in initial evaluation and reevaluation of P's occupation performance, Bruininks-Oserestky Test of Motor Proficiency-2(BOT-2) was carried out to assess motor functions and perception skills related in sensory integration, and occupational therapist performed clinical observation in order to complement the evaluation quantitatively and quantitatively. Based on the evaluation, it is concluded that the SI therapy is primary means to improve P's occupational performance, and three therapeutic approaches were constructed; restorative, acquired and compensatory approach. P showed improved motor and process skills in occupational performance after undergone the occupational therapy. Conclusions : The sensory integration therapy was practical enough to build the bridge between the occupational performance(Top) and the underlying component problems (Bottom). The OTIPM was helpful to identify meaningful occupation for P and P's family within P's contexts, and the AMPS was valuable to analyze and clarify the cause of difficulties in the chosen occupational performance.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2005

Objective : This study was to find out whether there was a difference between parenting stress of parents with and without sensory defensiveness and level of the quality of life, to analyze the factors related with parenting stress of parents and quality of life and to develop intervention program to improve quality of life of parents that care children with problem on sensory process. Methods : The population of this study was consisted of 82 children aged from 3 to 7 years and was treated occupational therapy in clinics or welfare centers for disabled persons. Parenting stress was assessed with Parenting Stress Index and the quality of life scales used by Lee Jeong-Eun was used to assess the level of quality of life. Result : The difference between parenting stress with and without sensory defensiveness and level of quality of life was only shown in parenting stress, and the correlation between parenting stress with and without sensory defensiveness and quality of life indicated negative correlation in both sensory defensiveness and no sensory defensiveness group(r=-0.52, r=-0.65, p<0.05). This study found there was significant difference between quality of life factors affecting parenting stress of parents and parenting stress factors affecting quality of life in sensory defensiveness and no sensory defensiveness group. Conclusion : The study showed that clinicians must develop appropriative intervention program with sensory defensiveness or without sensory defensiveness for decreasing parenting stress and increasing quality of life for their parents.