• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the environmental enrichment therapy (EET) program on the task performance and sensory processing of children with delayed development. Methods : This study was conducted with a single-subject ABA research design for two children with developmental delay findings, and intervention was conducted 7 times a week for 4 weeks. Both children confirmed changes in task performance and sensory processing after intervention. Results : After intervention, task performance improved from an average of 200% to a maximum of 354% compared to the baseline period, and the score in the sensory processing area, which affects tactile processing, emotional response, and activity level, was improved to the normal category. Conclusion : Through this study, it was confirmed that the EET program was effective in performing tasks and sensory processing for children with developmental delays, and its usefulness was confirmed as a program that can be implemented at home.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2015

Purpose : This study aimed to critically analyze published research papers in Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration and to investigate the research field and trends. Methods : Types of studies, research trends, levels of evidence, participants, funding sources and research areas were analyzed and described by using 97 selected studies published between 2003 and 2014. Results : Every 5 years, the most frequent type of study was experimental research. The numbers of experimental studies and review studies have been increasing. The most frequent level of evidence was one group non-randomized study, followed by case reports. The highest percentage of participants were children with disability and the most common diagnoses were pervasive developmental disorder, developmental delay and intellectual disabilities. Most of the participants was elementary school students and the most frequent sample size was below 10. The percentage of research grant from Korean Academy of Sensory Integration has been over 50% since 2008. The research areas focusing on the standardized assessments were mostly sensory modulation, interaction and development and the non-standardized assessments were behavior observation and clinical observation. Conclusion : Higher level of studies and comprehensive research methods will be needed. The standardized assessment tools with the high sensibility on sensory integration which developed in the domestic need to be developed. Thus, it will be able to contribute to the evidence based practice in occupational therapy.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.26-38
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• 2022

Objective : The aim of this study was to determine the priority competency by analyzing the importance, performance, and educational requirements of occupational therapists to develop a competency in performing sensory integration intervention. Methods : Occupational therapists were surveyed by gender, age, educational background, work location, occupational therapy experience, and sensory integration therapy experience. The difference was investigated through the importance-performance analysis of competency, and the priority of the competency was investigated using the Borich demand analysis method. Results : The therapists recognized professional competency as the most important, whereas performance was the least important. In all sub-competencies, the importance was high, but the performance was low. As a result, the education requirement was highest for professional competency. The importance-performance analysis revealed that professional competency was the area requiring the most urgent improvement. As a result of the Borich demand analysis, statistically significant differences between the importance of all competencies and the actual performance. The most significant difference was found in the professional competency group. Conclusion : The occupational therapists in this study who performed sensory integration interventions recognized professional competency as the most important but most lacking in actual clinical practice. The results of this study will be used as guidelines for developing competency-based sensory integrated intervention curricula.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.47-62
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• 2008

Introduction : Sensory Integration(SI) theory, science it is developed by an occupational therapist A. Jean Ayres, is the one of the most popular frames of reference used in occupational therapy(OT) intervention. It has been proved as a scientific theory especially in neuroscience discipline through abundant research and practice. Occupational therapists apply the SI therapy with strong clinical reasoning to improve adaptive behaviors of their clients and try to link the adaptive behaviors with occupational performance in the clients' everyday life. One of the manners regarding clinical reasoning is Top-down approach. In occupational therapy discipline, Top-down approach is well-reflected within two evaluation tools; Canadian Occupational Performance Measure(COPM) and Assessment of Motor and Process Skills(AMPS) and two models of practice; Canadian Model of Occupational Performance(CMOP) and Occupational therapy intervention process model(OTIPM). Objective : The purpose of this paper demonstrates how SI therapy can be employed within OTIPM and how the OT process (evaluation-intervention-outcome) can be structuralized based on the Top-down approach. This single-case study recognizes the impact of a SI therapy for a male adolescent on his occupational performance. Intervention Examined : "P" was 16 years old male adolescent with no diagnosis and junior of the high school when he was referred. P was always with mouth opened, showed difficulties in gathering things need to be prepared and managing and paying money for shopping, and his colleges dislike getting close to him because he can't was his body well. AMPS was administrated in initial evaluation and reevaluation of P's occupation performance, Bruininks-Oserestky Test of Motor Proficiency-2(BOT-2) was carried out to assess motor functions and perception skills related in sensory integration, and occupational therapist performed clinical observation in order to complement the evaluation quantitatively and quantitatively. Based on the evaluation, it is concluded that the SI therapy is primary means to improve P's occupational performance, and three therapeutic approaches were constructed; restorative, acquired and compensatory approach. P showed improved motor and process skills in occupational performance after undergone the occupational therapy. Conclusions : The sensory integration therapy was practical enough to build the bridge between the occupational performance(Top) and the underlying component problems (Bottom). The OTIPM was helpful to identify meaningful occupation for P and P's family within P's contexts, and the AMPS was valuable to analyze and clarify the cause of difficulties in the chosen occupational performance.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.63-76
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• 2009

Objective : The purpose of this study was to identify effects of intensive sensory integration (SI) treatment and home-program for a child who has a sensory integration disorder. This study also examined whether the positive effect is long-lasting by a follow-up test. Method : A boy with sensory integration dysfunction underwent an intensive SI treatment for 2 weeks. The intervention was consisted of 9 sessions and duration of the each session was 40 minutes. Sensory diet and Wilbarger protocol was provided as home program. The child's sensory function was evaluated before and after the SI intervention. Five month later, re-evaluation was executed for follow-up purpose. Results : In the evaluation after the Si intervention, the child's sensory defensiveness was decreased. Praxis, visual perception, sensory regulation dysfunction (sleep function), affective stabilization and performance of activities of daily living are also improved. In the re-evaluation after the 5 month later, the self-regulation ability, especially sleep function, has been maintained and the visual perception was developing continually. However, the child showed some affective regulation such as bothering his mother and losing his temper. Conclusions : The intensive SI intervention showed positive effects in terms of SI function improvement and the effect lasted long without any additional therapeutic intervention.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this study is to identify the developmental characteristics of sensory integration according to age and sex distinction using COMPS for school-aged children and to provide the preparatory data for standardization appropriate for our social and cultural environment. Methods : The COMPS was administered to 40 normal children in the first grade of elementary school by 4 occupational therapists. Results : By comparison between age groups, 6 and 7 year olds performed similarly and statistically in all items. Between males and females, there was no significant difference in performance of all items Conclusion : Findings from the study suggested that the performance of the COMPS by children followed developmental trends. The COMPS is easy to administer to groups and beneficial to discriminate children with motor problems, and it should be standardized.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2021

Objective : This study examined the effects of vestibular sensory integration on the sensory processing, problem behavior, and auditory behavior in children who had cochlear Implants. Methods : This single-subject AB study was conducted for 11 weeks from August to November 2019 with three children with cochlear implants. A pre-test measure of each child's sensory processing and auditory behavior was recorded with the baseline on operationally defined behavioral problems as four incidents during 40 minutes of free play with an occupational therapist. The treatment period was 15 40-minute sessions of vestibular sensory integration. Behavioral problems were monitored and recorded during each treatment session. Once treatment was complete, a post-test was conducted on the children's sensory processing and auditory behavior. Results : The sensory processing and auditory behavior of all three participants improved after the vestibular-focused sensory integration, and diverse problem behaviors showed decreasing trends during the interventions. Conclusion : Vestibular sensory integration leads to positive changes in the sensory processing, problem behavior, and auditory behavior of children with cochlear implants.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2008

Objective : This study verifies the effects of sensory integrative (SI) therapy on vestibular- and proprioceptive sensory (BPS) processing ability of a child with Asperger Syndrome (AS). Method : A boy who is 11 years and 2 months old took the Functional Independence Measure for Children (Wee-FIM), Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), Short Sensory Profile, Bruininks-Oserestky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT-2), and Test of Playfulness (ToP) for the baseline. The child participated in 3 evaluation sessions and 8 therapy sessions based on the AB research design. Duration of each session is 50 min and the therapy session is divided into 40 minutes for treatment and 10 minutes for evaluation. Since the vestibular sense and proprioception build up one's ability of postural control, several tests were employed to evaluate the child' postural control as outcome measure; distance from front leg of chair to heel of the child with sitting (C-H distance), angle between trunk and thigh (hip joint angle) with sitting, and the 'prone-extension posture' which is a subtest of Clinical Observation of Motor and Postural Skill (COMPS) to examine postural control embodied with integration of reflex and BPS processing. Result : During the therapy, average data of the C-H distance is decreased from 27.33cm to 11.69cm, average data of the hip joint angle is also decreased from $43.3^{\circ}$ to $20^{\circ}$, and average time for the prone-extension posture is increased from 13.15seconds to 24.84seconds. Conclusion : This result indicates that the ability to postural control in sitting and to maintain the prone-extension posture can be improved by sensory integrative therapy, with enhanced BPS processing.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2012

Objective : This study aims to examine the Effect of the Brotherhood Group Sensory Integration intervention to Social Interaction of the Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Methods : The Group Sensory Integration intervention was implemented for 8 weeks period from July to September 2011 targeting 2 children of 7~8 ages diagnosed Pervasive Developmental Disorders. For the study A-B-A' design among Single subject research design was used, while baseline A 3 phases, intervention B 16 phases, baseline A' 3 phases in total 22 phases were applied. The Quality of Social Interaction was measured through ESI(Evaluation Social interaction) during the baseline between A and A' period, and the Frequency of Social Interaction was measured under the condition that non-availability of intervention during baseline period, while during intervention period, it was measured by utilizing Interval recording method upon filming by video of 10 minutes free-play after every intervention. Results : The Quality of Social interaction indicated a statistical significance by all targeted children after intervention. Also a statistical significance was indicated in the Frequency of Social interaction as there appeared consecutively more than two of the values of baseline A average and Standard deviation band from all targeted children at the free-play implemented after each intervention of every phase. Conclusion : It could be verified that Brotherhood Group Sensory integration intervention has a positive effect to Social interaction of the Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Therefore, the Brotherhood Group Sensory integration intervention can be effectively applicable as being a therapy to improve Social interaction toward Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders at the clinic.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.24-34
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• 2023

Objective : This study sought to investigate the effects of a sensory integration intervention focusing on vestibular and proprioceptive on the spatial relations and visual-motor coordination of children with developmental disorders. Methods : Three children with developmental disabilities aged 5 to 6 years were the subjects of this study, and the ABA' design, which is one of the single subject research designs. A total of 18 sessions were conducted over a six-week period-that is, three 30-minute sessions per week. During the three baseline sessions, the children's spatial relations and visual-motor coordination were evaluated prior to the intervention. During the 12 sessions conducted in the intervention period, a vestibular and proprioception sensory integration intervention was performed, while in the final three sessions, the children's spatial relations and visual-motor coordination were again evaluated (without any further intervention Children were measured and evaluated every session after intervention using a computer cognitive rehabilitation program (CoTras-C). Moreover, the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children and the Korean-Development Test of Visual Perception-2 were used as evaluation tools to verify the effectiveness of the intervention. Results : There were significant differences in the spatial relations and visual-motor coordination scores of the children with developmental disorders before and after the vestibular and proprioceptive sensory integration intervention. More specifically, after the intervention, all three children showed statistically significant improvements. Conclusion : The applied vestibular and proprioceptive sensory integration therapy had a significant impact on the spatial relations and visual-motor coordination of the three children with developmental disorders.