• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2007

Objectives : Depression disturbs the individual life from the loss of productivity to suicide. Furthermore the whole society is also influenced by depression in social and economic areas. Many scientific treatment methods are known to be effective in depression. But in reality more than half of patients with depression prefer self help treatment rather than medically based treatment. For the patients with mild depression and primary physicians, it is reasonable to provide the evidence based self care including self help or alternative treatment. This study is supported by the Korean Health 21 R&D Project for the Depression Center to establish the Korean treatment guideline for depression. Methods : The members of Depression Center including the authors attended the workshops where the methods of evidence based medicine such as literature search, quality evaluation of the articles, making the level of evidence were educated. The professional librarians helped the authors for get the searched articles. Among the total of 354 abstracts of systemic review and 300 abstracts of random controlled trials, 3 systemic reviews and 2 random controlled trials were the main structure of evaluation. Result : Among the 37 self care methods known to be effective for depression, 11 kinds of methods were worth of evaluation. The first step for the self care of mild depression is to use St. John's wort, exercise, bibliotherapy, and light therapy in depression during winter season. Acupuncture, negative ion therapy, massage, relaxation technique are known to be efective with evidence. Music therapy, hypnotherapy, and aromatherapy are known to be effective but until now the evidences is insufficient and further evaluations are needed. Conclusion : Among 11 listed self-care methods, several methods need more evidence especially in Korean situation. Exercise is the most recommendable evidence based self care method in Korea nowadays. St. John's wort is effective with evidence, but it is not the OTC drug in Korea, so it is not recommendable now. For the bibliotherapy, there is no book such as "Feeling Good" in Korea. Only the introductory book about depression is available. Publishing the self help book based upon cognitive behavioral approach or psychodynamic approach is needed. Light therapy is practiced in a few clinics, but not self-help style. Exposure to the sunlight is recommended in the level of commen sense. These self care methods are for the mild patient. Moderate to severe patients with depression should seek the professional treatment.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.469-479
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• 2022

This study aims to examine the mediating effects of positive parenting attitudes, self-esteem, and depression on the relationship between parental happiness and children's happiness. To this end, the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018 were used. Structural equation modeling was implemented based on 2,551 data collected from fourth-grade children of elementary school and their parents. The happiness felt by the parents was found to have a positive correlation with positive parenting attitudes, self-esteem, and happiness perceived by the children, and a negative correlation with the children's depression. And, the happiness felt by the parents was found to affect the happiness of children by sequentially progressing through positive parenting attitudes, children's self-esteem and depression. Such results reflect how parents who perceive themselves to be happy tend to be warm, provide structure, and support the autonomy of their children. This also shows how such positive parenting attitudes encourage children to believe that they are valuable individuals and how this plays a role in reducing their sense of depression and enhancing their happiness.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.264-281
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• 2015

Suicidal ideation has received much attention from both practitioners and researchers as Korean society becomes aging and individualistic. However, previous researches on the suicide ideation have focused on young generations instead of adults who seem to be more suffered from economic pressure and all kinds of exterior environments causing depression. Besides, there were research voids in the suicidal ideation area where depression was never taken into consideration. In this sense, we attempted to launch empirical studies on analyzing explanatory factors relevant to suicidal ideation in all the age groups by using KNHANES dataset from 2008~2012 years. Especially, we further analyzed KNHANES dataset to know how much depression affects suicidal ideation. Empirical results showed that depression is in a significant relationship with the suicidal ideation in all the demographic dimensions such as age, education, living area, etc.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.608-616
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-efficacy, social support, sense of community and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), including the direct and indirect effects of the variables on HRQoL. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 249 middle-aged and elderly residents living in a rural community in A-County, K Province. The structured questionnaire included 4 scales from the Euro Quality of life-5 Dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression), and measures of General Self-Efficacy, Social Support, and Sense of Community. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 20.0 and AMOS 21.0 program. Results: The mean HRQoL score for the participants was $0.87{\pm}0.13$. Self-efficacy (${\beta}$=.13, p=.039) and age (${\beta}$= -.38, p<.001) were significantly associated with HRQoL, explaining 21% of the variance. In the path analysis, self-efficacy showed a significant direct effect on HRQoL (${\beta}$=.14, p=.040) and significantly mediating relationships between both social support (${\beta}$=.05, p=.030) and sense of community (${\beta}$=.02, p=.025) and HRQoL. Conclusion: Although self-efficacy was found to be the main predictor for HRQoL, the findings imply that social environmental factors such as social support and sense of community need to be considered when developing interventions to increase HRQoL in middle-aged and elderly residents in rural communities.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.257-263
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• 2014

The incidence of people living with congenital heart disease (CHD) has been increasing every year owing to remarkable advances in surgical and catheter intervention techniques and devices, and improved knowledge of critical care for patients with CHD. However, these patients continue to face physical, psychosocial, and environmental challenges, and a number of studies have shown higher rates of depression and anxiety disorders than the general population. To improve psychosocial functioning and quality of life for adults with CHD, health care providers are recommended to inform CHD patients of an accurate diagnosis, and overall treatment process, beginning in adolescence to facilitate a smooth transition from adolescence to adulthood. Active cooperation with psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, chaplains, and family members is highly recommended to help CHD patients feel normal and optimistic and to promote good social interactions, close family relationships, and a strong sense of coherence.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore how adolescents' psychological characteristics affect their sense of life safety according to gender. To this end, a survey was conducted on male and female high school students in six schools in the C area, and a total of 1,048 data were used for analysis. Differences in major variables according to gender were verified, and the effect of psychological characteristics on living safety awareness was analyzed through hierarchical multiple regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, depression, anxiety, type A characteristics, and the presence or absence of experience in accidents did not significantly affect life safety awareness in the male student group. On the other hand, in the female student group, anxiety and type A characteristics had a significant effect on life safety awareness. Anxiety negatively affects living safety awareness, and type A characteristics have been shown to have a positive effect on living safety awareness. The presence or absence of depression and accident experience did not significantly affect life safety awareness. The results of these studies suggest that gender differences should be considered in education to prevent life safety awareness and that education that reflects the psychological characteristics of adolescents is necessary.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.113-126
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• 2021

This study aims to explore the effects of poetry therapy program on individual stress, depression, and self-esteem for rural residents. For the research data, before the end of the poetry therapy program, participants were asked to write a confession, and as a retrospective study, in-depth interviews were conducted with 4 participants to find out whether the effects of the program continued after about 14 months. According to the results of the study, after the program ended, it was said that it was a meaningful time to communicate and live positively through poetry. In a retrospective study, it was said that poetry writing relieved depression, released and purified emotions, created a sense of relaxation and provided an opportunity for self-reflection. Based on these results, it was confirmed that rural residents who are experiencing many psychological difficulties can improve their negative psychology and find peace of mind through poetry writing.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.27-50
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• 2001

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. Although the joints are the major loci of the disease activity, fatigue is a common extraarticular symptom that exists in all gradations of rheumatoid arthritis. Fatigue is defined as a subjective sense of generalized tiredness or exhaustion and has multiple dimensions. Therefore fatigue is a common and frequent problem for those with rheumatoid arthritis. In fact, 88-100% of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis experience fatigue. Especially the degree of fatigue is higher in women than men with rheumatoid arthritis. Despite the importance of fatigue among the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the mechanism that leads to fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis is not completely understood. This study was intended to test and validate a model to predict fatigue in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Especially it was intended to identify the direct and indirect effects of the variables of pain, disability, depression, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness, and symptom duration to fatigue. Data were collected by questionnaires including Multidimensional Assesment of Fatigue(Tack, 1991), numeric scale of pain, graphic scale of joints, Ritchie Articular Index, Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire(Bae, et al., 1998), Inventory of Function Status(Tulman, et al., 1991), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression, and Korean Sleep Scale(Oh, et al 1998). The sample consisted of 345 women with a mean duration of rheumatoid arthritis for 10.06 years and a mean age of 49.64 years. SPSS win and Win LISREL were used for the data analysis. Structural equation modeling revealed the overall fit of the model. Pain predicted fatigue directly and indirectly through disability, depression, and sleep disturbance. Disability, sleep disturbance predicted fatigue only directly, while depression only indirectly through disability and sleep disturbance. Also morning stiffness and symptom duration predicted fatigue through disability and depression. All predictors accounted for 65% of the variance of fatigue. Depression, pain, and disability predicted sleep disturbance. Depression had reciprocal relationship with disability and they both were predicted by pain directly and indirectly. In summary, pain, depression, disability, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness, and symptom duration contributed to the fatigue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The best predictor of fatigue was pain. This finding indicates that the modification of pain, depression, disability, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness could be nursing intervention for relief or prevention of fatigue.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.451-465
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• 2019

This study focuses on the relationship between living alone and depression of the elderly, and explores the possibility that loneliness mediates the relationship between the living alone and the level of depression in Korean Elderly. The sample of the study consists of 1000 elderly aged 65 and above living in Chuncheon. The data is analyzed with the path analysis method with OLS regression method. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the level of loneliness showed a significant difference according to whether they were living alone. The reason for the difference was that the elderly living alone had less intimate relationship comparing with the elderly living with others and did not feel that they had the sense of belonging or intimate relationship with others. Second, it was confirmed that controlling the loneliness, the living alone showed no direct relationship with depression, but it's indirect effect through loneliness was significant.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.59-68
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• 2021

This study has identified the effect of reminiscence-based collective art therapy on the depression, interpersonal relationships, and the subjective sense of happiness among the elderly with dementia. The study was conducted on 30 volunteers with dementia aged 65 or older attending the S Weekly Care Center located in S-gun as subjects during the period between November 7, 2020 and January 2, 2021 with one session week for a total of 12 sessions. The SPSS 24.0 statistics program has been used for various data analyses, including confidence verification, cross tabulation analysis independent sample T-test, 3×2 multi-variant analysis, and the intergroup independent sample T-test between the groups. The study findings are as follows, First, the collective art therapy based on reminiscence therapy is effective in reducing the depression among the elderly with dementia. Second, the collective art therapy based on reminiscence therapy is effective in promoting interpersonal relationships among the elderly with dementia. Third, the collective art therapy based on reminiscence therapy is effective in improving the subjective sense of happiness among the elderly with dementia. These study findings are meaningful in that they have provided an informative basic data on the reminiscence-based collective art therapy.