• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.117-131
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the health behaviors and to find out risk factors of blood pressure of adult women in a rural area. Method: The convenient sample consisted of 159 adult women who lived in G-gun. The data was collected using a self-report questionnaire for health behaviors and mercury type sphygmomanometer for BP, between Jun I and August 15, 2003. Health behaviors measured smoking, alcohol, salt, lipid, stress, exercise, coffee, BMI and medication. To accomplish the goal of study, descriptive statistics, t-test, $x^2$-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis were. performed with SPSS 10.0. Results: The average age of subjects was 49.2(SD7.34)years old. The average SBP and DBP of subjects were 126.22mmHg(SDl6.73) and 8 1.25mmHg(SDl 0.31). There were significant differences in smoking(p=.000), cigarette consumption(p=.001), smoking duration(p=.000), BMI(p=.033), medication (p=.001), family history(p=.000) between normotensive and hypertensive. The main risk factors on SBP were medication, age, BMI, family history and smoking duration by 35.7% of the total variance these variables explained SBP. The main risk factors on DBP were BMI, education and medication by 17.60% of the total variance these variables explained DBP. Conclusion: These results suggest that health professional have to emphasize prevention of obesity, lasting medication and no smoking for prevention and management of hypertension in community health promotion program.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.219-229
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• 2018

Purpose: This study explored the sexual harassment-related experience, awareness, coping, and institutional prevention schemes for health personnel in industrial settings. Methods: Data were collected using self - report questionnaires from 300 health personnels. Data were collected between September 1 and December 31, 2017. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Health personnels experienced 29% of sexual harassment, in order of verbal, visual, physical. The frequency of sexual harassment was higher when women were younger, particularly younger than men. Although the average health personnel's awareness of sexual harassment was high, the common coping style was passive such as distancing form the perpetrator. Institutional efforts to prevent sexual harassment included separating employees and staff, but perpetrators tended to account for a high proportion of the supervisors and staff. Conclusion: Health care managers should develop an effective and effective sexual harassment prevention education program by raising gender equality awareness in relation to the awareness of sexual harassment and identifying the influencing factors that can bring about appropriate sexual harassment coping behavior.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2011

Purpose: The objective of this research was to measure health literacy level of the visitors of a university hospital's out patient clinic and to consider its influence factors. Methods: Subjects were 400 visitors in an outpatient clinic of a university hospital. By using self-report questionnaire which included Newest Vital Sign (NVS) and general information inquiry, the level of health literacy and its influence factors were measured. The data were analyzed by using t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation. Results: The NVS score of subjects was $3.54({\pm}1.91)$ out of maximum 6 scale. The factors that have significant relationships with the health literacy were age, sex, marital status, educational background, monthly income, health information source, number of diseases, number of medications and drinking status. Participants who are men, in old age, having lack of supportive relationship, having low levels of education, having low income, having more comorbid diseases & medications, tend to have lower NVS score compared to others. Conclusion: We suggest extending our research results for evaluating the risky group to improve the health literacy and to develop the strategic methods for better health outcomes.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.73-85
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• 2019

Purpose: To determine whether maternal attitude toward sex during pregnancy and health-related quality of life could influence sexual function of pregnant women. Methods: In this study, 138 second and third trimester pregnant women completed self-report questionnaires during their visits to women's hospitals or community health centers to assess their general characteristics, attitude toward sex during pregnancy (PIES-M), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D), and sexual function (FSFI-6K). Multiple regression analysis was performed to test the research model with SPSS version 23. Results: Pregnant women who had discontinued their sexual life after recognizing their pregnancy accounted for 27.5% of women questioned. The average sexual function score of pregnant women was higher in the second trimester than the third trimester. Attitude toward sex during pregnancy (${\beta}=-.38$, p<.001), maintaining sexual life (${\beta}=.20$, p=.028), health-related quality of life (${\beta}=.18$, p=.030), and adverse symptoms during sex (${\beta}=.18$, p=.042) were determinants of sexual function during pregnancy. Conclusion: Nurses in antenatal care units need to help pregnant women maintain a positive attitude toward sexual activity during pregnancy and manage their health-related quality of life to maintain their sexual life during pregnancy.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.25-38
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• 2008

Objectives: This study identified the factors associated with successful smoking cessation for 6 months at a smoking-cessation clinic of a public health center in an urban area. Methods: The subjects of this study were 670 visitors to the smoking cessation clinic of Dongjak-Gu public health center in Seoul, from September 6, 2005 to March 24, 2006. The 274 visitors of them responded to the questionnaire with registration, which contained the information related to the study except that of registered card for the clinic. A dependent variable was success or failure in smoking cessation during the 6 month-smoking cessation program, measured the status of smoking cessation in each week by self-report. Independent variable included demographic information, the characteristics in using the clinic, health status and smoking related behaviour, exposure to other smokers in daily life and motivation. Multiple logistic regression model was used to find the factors associated with success of smoking cessation. Results: The success rate in smoking cessation for 6 months was 33.6%. Five pretreatment characteristics were identified as univariate predictors of continuous abstinence. Finally, age, job, and practice oriented motivation were associated significantly with the success of smoking cessation for 6 months from a multiple logistic regression analysis. The lower socio-economic smokers such as people having lower literacy level, lower income people, unskilled workers, and recipients by Medical Assistant Program were more likely to fail in continuous abstinence for 6 months. Conclusions: In order to increase the success rate in smoking cessation clinics of public centers, counselors should activate self confidence and practice oriented motivation of participants for smoking cessation.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.93-96
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• 2014

Brain disorder disability is assessed when organic brain lesion such as cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, or stroke causes physical impairment which limits daily activites substantially according to its level and range of paralysis or the presence of involuntary movement. According to the disabled person welfare law in Korea, grade I brain disorder is assessed when one is in continuous irreversible state of coma without the ability to prolong one's life without other's help. Self-injurious behavior is defined as the non-suicidal intentional or unintentional injury to one's own body which can occur repetitively temporarily or chronically. People with decreased consciousness often exhibit increased self-injurious behavior which is most commonly associated with tongue or lip biting. This report documents a successful self -injurious lip biting treatment of a brain lesion patient within a short time by applying a removable acrylic resin appliance including posterior bite block.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine levels of self-care behavior according to levels of depression among patients with heart failure (HF). Methods: Participants in this descriptive research were 169 outpatients with HF who being seen in three university hospitals and one general hospital located in B, Y, and D cities. Data were collected using the Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Depression Scale and European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale. Data collection period was from April 25, 2012 to September 26, 2013. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests and ANOVAs with SPSS WIN 21.0. Results: A higher proportion of patients who were female, without a spouse, with lower household income, not employed, and having lower functional status with serious symptoms of HF tended to be clinically depressed. HF patients with depression tended not to report symptom changes to their health care providers. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate the need to screen for depression in patients with HF and to develop strategies to improve self-care behaviors in these patients in order to promote reporting of symptom changes to health care providers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.263-272
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was done to identify the scope of internet addiction in school age children in early grades of elementary school in Korea, and to identify factors affecting internet addiction fur these children. Method: The participants were 408 children from in grades 1 to 4 in four urban elementary schools. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires which were constructed to include a parent-child internet addiction test, a self-control rating scale, and a scale of parent control of on-line use. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: Of the children, $71.6\%$ reported being average on-line users, $27.9\%$, heavy on-line users, and $0.5\%$, internet addicted. Self control and parent control of on-line use for average on-line users were different from that of heavy on-line users. Significant predictors influencing internet addiction were time spent on-line, self control, gender, father's occupation, on-line games, on-line use alone, and conversation with parents. These predictors accounted for $42\%$ of variance in internet addiction. Conclusion: The prevalence of heavy on-line use in children was higher than expected, and internet addiction was influenced by self control, time spent on-line, and related factors. Therefore nursing interventions for prevention and management of internet addiction need to be developed and provided to these children.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.147-157
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice toward breast self-examination (BSE) among middle and high school girls. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using self-report questionnaires. Participants were 412 students, 137 middle and 275 high school girls. Data were collected from December 7 to 23, 2016 and analyzed using t-test and Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: The percentage of correct answers for knowledge about breast self-examination among middle and high school girls was 29.2%. The mean score for practice ($5.89{\pm}0.10$) among middle and high school girls was low. For knowledge, there were significant differences according to grade (t=5.93, p<.001), having heard about BSE (t=4.02, p<.001), experience of BSE (t=2.51, p=.012), and need for education (t=3.37, p=.001). In practice, there were significant differences according to having heard about BSE (t=3.64, p<.001), experience of BSE (t=2.64, p=.017). Knowledge level of BSE positively correlated with practice of BSE (r=.21, p<.001). Conclusion: Research results suggest that education on BSE for middle and high school girls is needed to increase the possibility of early detection of breast cancer.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.52-65
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• 2020

Purpose: To examine the effects of a smartphone application-based exercise program on self-efficacy expectations (SEE) and outcome expectations regarding exercise (OEE), physical fitness, activity level, physiological indices, and health-related quality of life in a sample of hemodialysis patients. Methods: A quasi-experimental control group pre-test post-test design was used. Subjects were recruited from two university hospitals in G city. The subjects were assigned randomly by coin toss: 33 participants to the experimental group and 30 to the control group. A literature review and the self-efficacy theory were used to develop the smartphone program. Experts designed and verified the program to be userfriendly and in consideration of user interaction. Data were collected through a self-report pre-test post-test questionnaire and online medical records. Results: In the experimental group, the levels of physical fitness and physical activity were significantly improved post-test, but the scores on health-related quality of life and the physical indices did not improve. In the experimental group, the SEE and OEE post-test scores were also significantly higher than the pre-test scores, but the control group's scores did not change. Conclusion: The smartphone application-based exercise program based on self-efficacy theory significantly improved the level of physical fitness and activity, SEE, and OEE for hemodialysis patients. The use of this application-based exercise program for hemodialysis patients might be an effective nursing intervention tool for improving SEE, OEE, level of physical fitness, and physical activity.