• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.211-217
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• 2020

Molecular mimicry is the most common mechanism that breaches self-tolerance. We previously identified autoantibodies to aquaporin-5 (AQP5) in the sera of patients with Sjögren's syndrome and found that the aquaporin of Prevotella melaninogenica (PmAqp), an oral commensal, is highly homologous to human AQP5. This study aimed to test whether PmAqp can induce anti-AQP5 autoantibodies via molecular mimicry. From the amino acid sequence of PmAqp, an immunizing peptide; i.e., PmE-L, was designed, which contained both the B cell epitope "E" and T cell epitope. C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice were subcutaneously immunized with linear or cyclic forms of PmE-L emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. The concentrations of the antibodies in sera were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Both linear and cyclic PmE-L induced high levels of antibodies against not only the immunized peptides but also autoantibodies against AQP5E and antibodies against PmE, a Pm homolog of AQP5E. In C57BL/6 mice; however, the cyclic form of PmE-L was more efficient than the linear form in inducing autoantibodies against AQP5E that contained a cyclic epitope. The levels of anti-PmE antibodies and anti-AQP5E autoantibodies showed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.95, p < 0.0005), suggesting molecular mimicry. Collectively, the mice produced anti-AQP5E autoantibodies in response to a PmAqp-derived peptide. This model proved to be useful for studying the mechanisms of autoantibody production by molecular mimicry.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.35-42
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• 2021

In the article, the authors investigate the economic security system in the conditions of the powers transformation. It is substantiated that economic security acts as a certain system that includes components and at the same time acts as a subsystem of the highest order. It is determined that the economic security system of regions acting as a system has its subsystems, which include: production, financial, environmental, innovation, investment and social subsystems. The parameters of the economic security system include relative economic independence, economic stability and self-development of economic systems, and it is proved that an important feature of economic security in addition to its systemic nature is multi-vector. It is substantiated that the monitoring of ensuring the economic security system of the development of economic systems of different levels in the conditions of the powers transformation should contain the analysis of social, economic and ecological development of regions; spheres of possible dangers of the development of regional economic systems; the nature of the threats; the degree of the possibility of threats; time perspective of economic development threats; possible consequences of losses for economic entities; the impact of threats to the object of the economic entities' activity; possible asymmetry of economic development of regional economic entities. Possible threats as a consequence of the powers transformation have been identified. A PEST analysis of the impact of factors of different nature on economic security and the development of regional economic systems in the powers transformation is carried out. A recurrent ratio is proposed for the economic security system in the conditions of the powers transformation.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2022

As of September 2021, COVID-19 is still seriously impacting people globally. To better control the epidemic, the Chinese government adopted a nationwide quarantine policy at the early stage of the discovery of COVID-19, which has significantly changed people's production and life. China's Douyin app (International version: TikTok) is an extremely influential entertainment and social tool. During COVID-19, a large number of short videos about COVID-19 appeared. Publishers included government agencies, professionals, and self-media. The content released has made Douyin a tool for people to receive COVID-19 information in addition to entertainment and social functions. This is a quantitative study. By exploring the impact of the Douyin app on Chinese college students during COVID-19, this study provides suggestions from the level of social media such as TikTok to enable Korea's epidemic prevention to be more effective. This study established variable questions such as Douyin's information perceived value, information usage channels, information awareness, anti-epidemic policy attitude, trust of public institution and preventive behavioral intention, and conducted a questionnaire survey. Using SPSS to analyze the obtained data, this study found that: 1. The short video information usage channels about COVID-19 in Douyin have a positive impact on the audience's information awareness; 2. The information perceived value in Douyin has a positive impact on the audience's information awareness; 3. Information awareness and trust of public institution in Douyin have a positive impact on the audience's anti-epidemic policy attitude; 4. Information awareness and trust of public institutions in Douyin have a positive impact on the audience's preventive behavioral intention; 5. The audience's anti-epidemic policy attitude has a positive effect on preventive behavioral intention.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.47-57
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• 2022

e-Learning content can be defined as digital content to achieve educational goals. Since it is an educational material that can be distributed in offline, online, and mobile environments, it is important to create content that meets the learner's education environment and educational goals. In particular, if the learner is a public official, the vision, philosophy, and characteristics of each local government must reflect. As non-face-to-face online education expands further due to the COVID-19 pandemic, local governments that have relied on onsite education in the past urgently require developing strong basic competency education and special task competency content that reflect regional characteristics. Such e-learning content, however, hardly exists and the ability to independently develop them is also insufficient. In this circumstance, this case study describes the process of self-production of e-learning content suitable for Busan's characteristics by the Human Resource Development (HRD) Institute of Busan City, a local government. The field of instructional design and instructional technology is always evolving and growing by blending technological innovation into instructional platform design and adapting to the changes in society. Busan HRD Institute (BHI), therefore, tried to implement blended learning by developing content that reflected the recent trend of micro-learning in e-learning through a detailed analysis. For this, an e-learning content developer with certain requirements was selected and contracted, and the process of developing content through a collaboration between the client and developer was described in this study according to the ADDIE model of Instructional Systems Development (ISD).

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.148-154
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• 2022

As the 4th industrial age approaches, the demand for semiconductors is increasing enough to be used in all electronic devices. At the same time, semiconductor technology is also developing day by day, leading to ultraprecision and low power consumption. Semiconductors that keep getting smaller generate heat because the energy density increases, and the generated heat changes the shape of the semiconductor package, so it is important to manage. The temperature change is not only self-heating of the semiconductor package, but also heat generated by external damage. If the package is deformed, it is necessary to manage it because functional problems and performance degradation such as damage occur. The package burn in test in the post-process of semiconductor production is a process that tests the durability and function of the package in a high-temperature environment, and heat dissipation performance can be evaluated. In this paper, we intend to review a new material formulation that can improve the performance of the adapter, which is one of the parts of the test socket used in the burn-in test. It was confirmed what characteristics the basic base showed when polyamide, a high-molecular material, and alumina, which had high thermal conductivity, were mixed for each magnification. In this study, functional evaluation was also carried out by injecting an adapter, a part of the test socket, at the same time as the specimen was manufactured. Verification of stiffness such as tensile strength and flexural strength by mixing ratio, performance evaluation such as thermal conductivity, and manufacturing of a dummy device also confirmed warpage. As a result, it was confirmed that the thermal stability was excellent. Through this study, it is thought that it can be used as basic data for the development of materials for burn-in sockets in the future.

• Journal of the International Relations & Interdisciplinary Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.29-41
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• 2022

In recent years, visual design has become an emerging industry that creates production value in various countries, and visual design teachers have become a key factor affecting the development of designers and even the trend of the design industry. Therefore, the requirements for the ability of visual design teachers have become particularly important. This study takes the visual communication teachers in colleges and universities as the research object. Focus on the composition of competencies that teachers have when performing their duties. First of all, through document sorting, it is based on the five aspects of knowledge ability, teaching ability, practical ability, management ability and professional ethics. A Likert scale questionnaire was developed on the evaluation of visual design teachers' competencies by interviewing 10 visual design industry experts and conducting two Delphi method interviews. This research refers to the relevant literatures such as curriculum research and teaching objective research of design major, and discusses the evaluation standards of visual design teachers' abilities in colleges and universities. Expert interviews have sorted out 12 criteria and 36 sub-criteria about visual design teachers' abilities, and verified their rationality through expert return visits. The establishment of this evaluation standard provides a certain theoretical basis for visual design teachers' ability evaluation and self-cognition.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.102-110
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• 2023

The MATS(Missile Assembly Test Set) is manufactured and used to check the function of the missile during the period of development for the guided missile system, and the requirements for power and communication are managed for equipment production. The MATS developer implements software according to the proposed communication standard to guarantee the reliability of the data that communicates with the guided missile. The test bed is built and self-performance evaluation is performed after implementation. And the verification process is performed using the standard equipment. The characteristics of periodic delay for data transmission must be reflected when building a test bed. This paper describes a test bed construction method for data processing with periodic delay. Also This paper compares and evaluates the performance by changing the previously designed algorithm.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.208-218
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• 2023

Photocatalysts are advanced materials which accelerate the photoreaction by providing ordinary reactions with other pathways. The catalysts have various advantages, such as low-cost, low operating temperature and pressure, and long-term use. They are applied to environmental and energy field, including the air and water purification, water splitting for hydrogen production, sterilization and self-cleaning surfaces. However, commercial photocatalysts only absorb ultraviolet light between 100 and 400 nm of wavelength which comprises only 5% in sunlight due to the wide band gap. In addition, rapid recombination of electron-hole pairs reduces the photocatalytic performance. Recently, studies on blackening photocatalysts by laser, thermal, and plasma treatments have been conducted to enhance the absorption of visible light and photocatalytic activity. The disordered structures could yield mid-gap states and vacancies could cause charge carrier trapping. Herein, liquid phase plasma (LPP) is adopted to synthesize Ag-doped black ZnO for the utilization of visible-light. The physical and chemical characteristics of the synthesized photocatalysts are analyzed by SEM/EDS, XRD, XPS and the optical properties of them are investigated using UV/Vis DRS and PL analyses. Lastly, the photocatalytic activity was evaluated using methylene blue as a pollutant.

• Advances in materials Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.147-164
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate the influence of scoria aggregate (SA) and silica fume (SF) as a replacement of conventional aggregate and ordinary Portland cement (OPC), respectively. Three types of concrete were prepared namely normal weight concrete (NWC) using limestone aggregate (LSA) and OPC (control specimen), lightweight concrete (LWC) using SA and OPC, and LWC using SA and partial SF (SLWC). The representative workability and compressive strength properties of the developed concrete were evaluated, and the results were correlated with non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity and Schmidt hammer tests. The LWC and SLWC yielded compressive strength of around 30 MPa and 33 MPa (i.e., 78-86% of control specimens), respectively. The findings indicate that scoria can be beneficially utilized in the development of structural lightweight concrete. Present renewable sources of aggregate will preserve the natural resources for next generation. The newly produced eco-friendly construction material is intended to break price barriers in all markets and draw attraction of incorporating scoria based light weight construction in Saudi Arabia and GCC countries. Findings of the SWOT analysis indicate that high logistics costs for distributing the aggregates across different regions in Saudi Arabia and clients' resistant to change are among the major obstacles to the commercialized production and utilization of lightweight concrete as green construction material. The findings further revealed that huge scoria deposits in Saudi Arabia, and the potential decrease in density self-weight of structural elements are the major drivers and enablers for promoting the adoption of lightweight concrete as alternative green construction material in the construction sector.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.150-152
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• 2021

For the development of a resource recycling society, it is important to control the generation of waste in all processes such as production, distribution, consumption and disposal, and to recycle the recyclable resources of waste instead of simply landfilling and incineration. However, in order to develop a resource-recycling society, not only emitters, businesses, and the central government, but also local governments need to work together to find a solution. Therefore, in this study, we present a promotion strategy for the development of Sejong City's resource-recycling society, taking into consideration the current situation of Sejong City as well as changes in the government's institution system. We suggest that regionally preparing recycling priority management plan, maximizing waste resource utilization, establishing recycling industry activation plan, and building a systematic and efficient recycling platform, etc.