• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2006

The purposes of this study were firstly to assess the differences of conflict resolution strategies between friends according to children's peer status, and secondly to investigate the relationship of conflict resolution strategies measured by self-report, hypothetical interview, and observation methods. Thirty-four dayds in elementary 5th graders were selected according to peer status and friendship. Collected data were analyzed tv t-test and Spearman's correlation. The results of this study showed that children's conflict resolution strategies differed according to their peer status. Specially, popular children reported using and experiencing compromising/integrating strategies more than rejected children did. Rejected children reported using and experiencing dominating strategies more than popular children did. Secondly, there were meaningful correlations between compromising/integrating and dominating strategies, as measured by self-report, hypothetical interview, and observation methods. However, no relations emerged among avoiding, obliging, and intervention requesting strategies, as measured by self-report, hypothetical interview, and observation methods.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.67-87
• /
• 2006

본 연구는 초등학교에서 이루어지는 수행평가 실시에서의 문제점을 인식하고 자기평가, 동료평가 및 관찰평가의 실천을 통하여 평가에 따르는 시간적인 제약을 줄이고, 평가의 결과를 교수 학습계획에 반영시킴으로써 평가를 통한 초등수학과 교수 학습의 개선에 대한 시사점을 찾아보고자 이루어졌다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 연구자는 초등학교 2학년 1개 반 학생 40명을 대상으로 자기평가, 동료평가를 실시하고 '재미있는 놀이를 하여 봅시다' 차시의 운영과정에서 관찰평가를 한 학기동안 적용하였으며 평가의 적용과정에서 얻어진 학생들의 자기평가결과물(수학일지, 자기평가지, 평가의 과정에서의 대화내용)과 관찰평가 결과물(체크리스트, 놀이 활동 결과물, 놀이의 과정에서의 대화내용)을 분석해 보았다.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2022

PURPOSE: This study examined the effectiveness of task gait exercise combined with self-observation training to provide basic clinical data by analyzing the factors that task gait exercise combined with self-observation training has on the leg muscle activity and gait improvement in stroke patients. METHODS: The subjects were assigned randomly to experimental Group I, which mediated task gait exercise combined with self-observation training, and experimental Group II, which mediated task-walking movement. They received 30-minute interventions three times a week for four weeks. The leg muscle activity and 10 m walking test (10MWT) were conducted as pre-intervention tests, and they underwent a post-test four weeks later in the same manner as the pre-test. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was observed in all muscles and 10MWT (p < .01) in experimental group I (p < .05), while there were significant differences only in the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and 10MWT (p < .05). In a comparison of the changes between groups, there were statistically significant differences only in the tibialis anterior, soleus muscle, and 10MWT (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Self-observation training in experimental group I was effective in increasing the leg muscle activity and improving walking speed by discovering and correcting incorrect movements and following a normal gait pattern using the ankle joint. Therefore, the task gait exercise combined with self-observation training should be introduced and actively utilized for the rapid social recovery of stroke patients.

• 한국항공운항학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.85-95
• /
• 2015

A responsibility of superior management in an airline has become enormous due to rapid increase of airline's organization and its network. Even though a leadership of superior management is believed to be an important factor, it is almost impossible for management to be responsible for all the areas of an airline organization. This is why leadership should be go down to working level people. Self-leadership means that working level people possess leadership, delegated by their superior persons, and improve their work environment with the leadership as well as related right and responsibility. This paper has tried to find out the components of self-leadership perceived by foreign cabin crews and analyzed the impact of self leadership into airline's organizational effectiveness. Based on empirical research results, this paper would suggest administrative and operational implications of managing foreign cabin crews in K-airline. It was found out foreign cabin crews perceive that self reward and self evaluation have a positive impact on self observation factor. The self observation factor has a significant effect on self goal. The self goal is analyzed as a major factor which results in organizational effectiveness.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 2023

PURPOSE: This study aimed to provide the basic data necessary for rehabilitation by identifying the effects of complex balance exercises combined with self-observation training on balance and gait improvement in stroke patients. METHODS: This study assigned 20 people randomly into two groups: the control and experimental groups. The experimental group (10 subjects) underwent self-observation training-combined complex balance exercise. The control group (10 subjects) underwent complex balance exercises. A pretest of the balance ability and walking ability of both groups was performed. The interventions were conducted for 30 minutes three times a week for four weeks, and post-tests were conducted four weeks after all interventions were completed. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups according to the increase in Berg Balance Sale within the group and a statistically significant difference by a decrease in 10MWT (p < .01). On the other hand, there was a significant difference only in the change in Berg Balance Sale between the two groups (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Combined balance exercise combined with self-observation training and combined balance exercise alone positively affected the Berg Balance Sale and 10MWT in both groups. On the other hand, in the results between groups, there was a statistically significant difference in Berg Balance Sale in complex balance exercise combined with self-observation training. Therefore, self-observation training should be used for the rapid social rehabilitation of stroke patients.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.269-288
• /
• 2006

We revised the OTFTOOL which was developed in Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (FCRAO) for the On-The-Fly (OTF) observation. Besides the improvement of data resampling function of conventional OTFTOOL, we added a new SELF referencing mode and data pre-reduction function. Since OTF observation data have a large redundancy, we can choose and use only good quality samples excluding bad samples. Sorting out the bad samples is based on the floating level, rms level, antenna trajectory, elevation, $T_{sys}$, and number of samples. And, spikes are also removed. Referencing method can be chosen between CLASSICAL mode in which the references are taken from the OFFs observation and ELLIPSOIDAL mode in which the references are taken from the inner source free region (this is named as SELF reference). Baseline is subtracted with the source free channel windows and the baseline order chosen by the user. Passing through these procedures, the raw OTF data will be an FITS datacube. The revised-OTFTOOL maximizes the advantages of OTF observation by sorting out the bad samples in the earliest stage. And the new self-referencing method, the ELLIPSOIDAL mode, is very powerful to reduce the data. Moreover since it is possible to see the datacube at once without moving them into other data reduction programs, it is very useful and convenient to check whether the data resampling works well or not. We expect that the revised-OTFTOOL can be applied to the facilities of the OTF observation like SRAO, NRAO, and FCRAO.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.135-149
• /
• 2003

This study aimed to develop an observation scale for assessing the quality of day care programs and to examine reliability and validity of the scale. Instruments included 3 self-assessment scales, the Evaluation Scale for Early Childhood Programs and an observation scale completed by 8 trained observers in 89 day care sites. Item analysis indicated that most items were acceptable in terms of item discrimination and item response distribution. Cronbach ${\alpha}^{\prime}s$ and inter-observer reliability were relatively high. Validity of the scale was evidenced by correlations between the observation scale and the criterion measure and inter-correlations among sub-areas of the observation scale. Scores on the observation scale were validated by quality ratings from self-assessment scores.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2019

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of observing a self-video or a video of another person performing balance and gait training, followed by actual performance of the observed movements on the balance and walking ability of chronic stroke patients. METHODS: Thirty patients, who had experienced a stroke and were admitted to S rehabilitation hospital for treatment, were selected randomly and divided into three groups with 10 patients each: self-action observation (SAO) group, other-action observation (OAO) group, and treadmill walking training (TWT) group. The training program was conducted five times per week for four weeks. The GAITRite system, 10 m walking test, and timed up and go test were performed to measure the subjects' gait and balance ability. RESULTS: The velocity, cadence, double support, and stride length were increased significantly in the SAO and OAO groups (p<.05) but the T group showed no significant changes; no significant difference was observed among the groups (p >.05). The 10MWT decreased significantly in the OAO group (p<.05), but there were no significant changes in the SAO and T groups, and no significant difference was observed among the groups (p>.05). The TUG decreased significantly in the SAO and OAO groups (p<.05), but there were no significant changes in the T group, and no significant difference was observed among the groups (p>.05). CONCLUSION: The self or other action observation training helps improve the balance and gait ability.

• 천문학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.371-384
• /
• 2005

Self-referencing method in revised-OTFTOOL is a new method in On-The-Fly(OTF) observation mode. It uses the source free regions of the observed frame as references instead of the OFFs references. We already analyzed and discussed its proprieties and advantages in the previous paper. In this paper, we make a statistical study about the self-referencing method by applying it to OTF mapping data of 27 Virgo spiral galaxies. We found that the self-referencing method solves the crooked baseline problem for every datacube. It straightens the baseline, and conserves the emissions. Compared with other data processing, the median filtering task 'mwflt' in AIPS, to use self-referencing method is more effective and safe not only to straighten the baseline but also to conserve the emission. For the strong CO galaxies, the data obtained by self-referencing method shows scarcely any difference from those reduced by conventional OFFs references and AIPS median filtering in the range of uncertainties. Undetected CO emissions in datacubes of conventional OFFs references are also not detected in those of self-referencing method. The self-referencing method is expected to save the observing time and simplify data reduction processes. Besides this, using self-referencing method will offer emission-free references more safely.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.89-89
• /
• 2012

Arrangement of individual atoms and molecules with atomic precision and understanding the resulting properties at the molecular level are ultimate goals of chemistry, biology, and materials science. For the past three decades, scanning probe microscopy has made strides towards these goals through the direct observation of individual atoms and molecules, enabling the discovery of new and unexpected phenomena. This talk will discuss the origin of forces governing motion of small organic molecules and their extended self-assembly into two-dimensional surface structures by direct observation of individual molecules using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM).