• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10b
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• pp.367-368
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• 2002

The design of capsule body for self-propelled endoscope is important from the frictional resistance point of view. The capsule should be able to overcome the frictional resistance in order to move along the intestine. The motivation of this work was to gain a better understanding of the capsule body design on the frictional resistance of the capsule inside an intestine. A special experimental set-up was built to measure the frictional resistance as the capsule was being pulled inside the pig intestine specimen. Tests were performed with open and closed intestine specimens. Experimental data showed that smooth cylindrical capsule geometry resulted in the least frictional resistance. The resistance inside the closed intestine specimen was about four times higher than that of the open specimen. It is expected that the results of this work will be used to design the optimum propulsion system for the microendoscope.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.193-209
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• 2012

China's airline industry is experiencing a booming development as one hand, on the other hand the incidents involving unruly behaviour on board aircraft also becomes a growing concern for the whole industry. The thesis examines the basic issues concerning the unruly behaviour, such as definition of unruly behaviour, the impact and root causes of unruly behaviour. Then it focuses on the China's legal sources governing the problem of unruly behaviour. Generally speaking, China's legislation with this respect is systematic and self-contained, except some minor shortcomings which need to be revised. Finally the thesis holds the view that the preventative measures jointly contributed by all the parties concerned are something more important than the legislation itself.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.1137-1147
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• 2004

In this paper, we proposed two types of adaptive control mechanism which is named HIA(Humoral Immune Algorithm) PID and CMIA(Cell-Mediated Immune Algorithm) controller based on biological immune system under engineering point of view. The HIA PID which has real time control scheme is focused on the humoral immunity and the latter which has the self-tuning mechanism is focused on the T-cell regulated immune response. To verify the performance of the proposed controller, some experiments for the control of AGV which is used for the port automation to carry container without human are performed. The experimental results for the control of steering and speed of an AGV system illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. Moreover, in that results, proposed controllers have better performance than other conventional PID controller and intelligent control method which is the NN(neural network) PID controller.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.937-942
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• 2003

We present a self-localization method for mobile robots using vertical line features of indoor environment. When a 2D map including feature points and color information is given, a mobile robot moves to the destination, and acquires images from the surroundings having vertical line edges by one camera. From the image, vertical line edges are detected, and pattern vectors meaning averaged color values of the left and right regions of the each line are computed by using the properties of the line and a region growing method. The pattern vectors are matched with the feature points of the map by comparing the color information and the geometrical relationship. From the perspective transformation and rigid transformation of the corresponded points, nonlinear equations are derived. Localization is carried out from solving the equations by using Newton's method. Experimental results show that the proposed method using mono view is simple and applicable to indoor environment.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.2278-2282
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• 2003

In this paper the structure of 2-DOF controller based on artificial immune network algorithms has been suggested for nonlinear system. Up to present time, a number of structures of the 2-DOF controllers are considered as 2-DOF (2-Degrees Of Freedom) control functions. However, a general view is provided that they are the special cases of either the state feedback or the modification of PID controllers. On the other hand, the immune network system possesses a self organizing and distributed memory, also it has an adaptive function by feed back law to its external environment and allows a PDP (parallel distributed processing) network to complete patterns against the environmental situation, since antibody recognizes specific antigens which are the foreign substances that invade living creatures. Therefore, it can provide optimal solution to external environment. Simulation results by immune based 2-DOF controller reveal that immune algorithm is an effective approach to search for 2-DOF controller.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.1531-1536
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• 2003

In this paper the structure of 2-DOF controller based on artificial immune network algorithms has been suggested for nonlinear system. Up to present time, a number of structures of the 2-DOF controllers are considered as 2-DOF (2-Degrees Of Freedom) control functions. However, A general view is provided that they are the special cases of either the state feedback or the modification of PID controllers. On the other hand, The immune network system possesses a self organizing and distributed memory, also it has an adaptive function by feed back law to its external environment and allows a PDP (parallel distributed processing) network to complete patterns against the environmental situation, since antibody recognizes specific antigens which are the foreign substances that invade living creatures. Therefore, it can provide optimal solution to external environment. Simulation results by immune based 2-DOF controller reveal that immune algorithm is an effective approach to search for 2-DOF controller.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.793-797
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• 2003

In this paper, we present a self-localization method for mobile robots using vertical line features of indoor environment. When a 2D map including feature points and color information is given, a mobile robot moves to the destination, and acquires images by one camera from the surroundings having vertical line edges. From the image, vertical line edges are detected, and pattern vectors meaning averaged color values of the left and right region of each line segment are computed. The pattern vectors are matched with the feature points of the map using the color information and the geometrical relationship of the points. From the perspective transformation of the corresponded points, nonlinear equations are derived. Localization is carried out from solving the equations by using Newton's method. Experimental results show that the proposed method using mono view is simple and applicable to indoor environment.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.26-47
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• 2014

The paper examined effect of age cohort on life cycle financial planning. A total of 990 questionnaires were distributed with a 55.2% return rate. Seven hypotheses were analysed using hierarchical and ordinary regression analysis. The results revealed that age cohort variables made significant contribution to life cycle financial planning as well as personal orientation towards retirement planning, particularly the younger age cohort. Age cohorts do affect personal orientation towards retirement planning with the confidence level making a significant impact. Current financial resources do have a strong positive impact on consumption for all age cohorts. On the other hand, no significant effect was found between age cohorts and current financial resources but older age cohorts were relatively more significant predictors. The implication was that not only should their individual perceptions of financial planning become an increasingly important part of people's long-term commitment throughout their life-cycle, it must also assume the role as a self-directed life-long learning process, in view of the ever-changing and complicated financial environment.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.763-774
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• 2015

Hand posture recognition has been a wide region of applications in Human Computer Interaction and Computer Vision for many years. The problem arises mainly due to the high dexterity of hand and self-occlusions created in the limited view of the camera or illumination variations. To remedy these problems, a hand posture recognition method using 3-D point cloud is proposed to explicitly utilize 3-D information from depth maps in this paper. Firstly, hand region is segmented by a set of depth threshold. Next, hand image normalization will be performed to ensure that the extracted feature descriptors are scale and rotation invariant. By robustly coding and pooling 3-D facets, the proposed descriptor can effectively represent the various hand postures. After that, SVM with Gaussian kernel function is used to address the issue of posture recognition. Experimental results based on posture dataset captured by Kinect sensor (from 1 to 10) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and the average recognition rate of our method is over 96%.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.961-966
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• 2001

The Wells turbine is one of the simplest and most promising self-rectifying air turbines which are useful for the systems of alternative energy development in near future, and it is economically desirable from the point of view of the practical use, as well. To investigate the effect of blade sweep on the performance of the Wells turbine, computations of a fully 3-D Navier-Stokes are carried out under steady flow conditions of NACA0020 blade. It is known that the performance of the Wells turbine is considerably influenced by the blade sweep. An optimum blade sweep ratio(f=0.35) for the NACA0020 is found to be the most promising for the practical use, and this value is in good agreement with the previous experiments. It is also found that the overall turbine performance for the NACA0020 is better than that for the CA9.